A5013887182- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Crystallography and Radiation Phenomena
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Advanced Surface Polishing Techniques
- Machine Learning in Materials Science
- Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2021-2024
Lawrence Livermore National Security
2024
Cornell University
2017-2021
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
2021
Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source
2020
Argonne National Laboratory
2009-2018
Advanced Photon Source
2015
Northeastern University
2009
Universidad del Noreste
2008
University of Puerto Rico System
2008
An inertial fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility, conducted August 8, 2021 (N210808), recently produced more than a megajoule of yield and passed Lawson's criterion for ignition [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)]. We describe experimental improvements that enabled N210808 present first measurements from an igniting plasma in laboratory. metrics like product hot-spot energy pressure squared, absence self-heating, increased by ∼35%, leading to record values enhancement...
We present the design of first igniting fusion plasma in laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This uses indirect drive inertial confinement approach to heat and compress a central "hot spot" deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using surrounding dense DT piston. Ignition occurs when heating from absorption α particles created process overcomes loss mechanisms...
An indirect-drive inertial fusion experiment on the National Ignition Facility was driven using 2.05 MJ of laser light at a wavelength 351 nm and produced 3.1±0.16 total yield, producing target gain G=1.5±0.1 exceeding unity for first time in laboratory [Phys. Rev. E 109, 025204 (2024)10.1103/PhysRevE.109.025204]. Herein we describe experimental evidence increased drive capsule additional energy control over known degradation mechanisms, which are critical to achieving high performance....
A double-crystal diamond monochromator was recently implemented at the Linac Coherent Light Source. It enables splitting pulses generated by free electron laser in hard x-ray regime and thus allows simultaneous operations of two instruments. Both crystals are High-Pressure High-Temperature grown type-IIa crystal plates with (111) orientation. The first has a thickness ~100 μm to allow high reflectivity within Bragg bandwidth good transmission for other wavelengths downstream use. second is...
Temperature variation of a lattice parameter synthetic diamond crystal (type IIa) was measured using high-energy-resolution x-ray Bragg diffraction in backscattering. A 2 order magnitude improvement the measurement accuracy allowed us to directly probe linear thermal expansion coefficient at temperatures below 100 K. The lowest value $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}9}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. It found that deviates from expected Debye law...
In this work, we report on inelastic X-ray scattering experiments combined with the molecular dynamics simulations deeply supercritical Ar. The presented results unveil mechanism and regimes of sound propagation in liquid matter provide compelling evidence for adiabatic-to-isothermal longitudinal transition. We introduce a Hamiltonian predicting low-frequency transverse gaps, which is confirmed by experimental findings calculations. As result, universal link established between positive...
The linear thermal expansion coefficient of diamond crystals type IIa and Ia was measured in the temperature range from 10 to 295 K. Neither negative nor any substantial difference different types were observed. An empirical expression obtained that approximates dependence diamond. ${T}^{3}$ a Debye solid holds below $\ensuremath{\approx}$100 K with an accuracy $\ensuremath{\approx}$${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8} {\mathrm{K}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. A slight increase value lattice parameter found for...
Abstract Photon and neutron inelastic scattering spectrometers are microscopes for imaging condensed matter dynamics on very small length time scales. Inelastic X-ray permitted the first quantitative studies of picosecond nanoscale in disordered systems almost 20 years ago. However, nature liquid-glass transition still remains one great unsolved problems physics. It calls at hitherto inaccessible scales, therefore substantial improvements spectral momentum resolution along with a major...
A double-crystal diamond (111) monochromator recently implemented at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) enables splitting of primary X-ray beam into a pink (transmitted) and monochromatic (reflected) branch. The first crystal, with thickness ∼100 µm, provides sufficient transmittance to enable simultaneous operation two beamlines. This article reports design, fabrication characterization second (300 µm-thick) crystals utilized in optical assemblies holding these crystals. Each crystal...
In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, ex fluorescence, and powder diffraction enabled detailed core analysis of phase segregated nanostructured PtRu anode catalysts in an operating direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). No change the structures catalyst was observed as potential traversed current onset DMFC. The methodology exemplified using a Johnson Matthey unsupported (1:1) incorporated into DMFC membrane electrode assembly. During operation is essentially metallic with half Ru face-centered...
Cu2S is considered as one of the potential anode paradigms for advanced rechargeable batteries because its high theoretical capacity (∼335 mAh·g-1), and flat charge/discharge voltage plateaus (∼1.7 V vs Li+/Li), stable cycling performance, elemental abundance. However, many studies have shown that exhibits a dramatic fade in carbonate-based electrolytes, which has precluded commercialization when paired with cathodes state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries. Here, we report on fundamental...
The change in the power balance, temporal dynamics, emission weighted size, temperature, mass, and areal density of inertially confined fusion plasmas have been quantified for experiments that reach target gains up to 0.72. It is observed as gain rises, increased rates self-heating initially overcome expansion losses. This leads reacting peak production at later times with mass lower densities. Analytic models are consistent observations inferences how these quantities evolve rate...
Abstract In this paper we present inelastic X-ray scattering experiments in a diamond anvil cell and molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the behavior of phononic excitations liquid Ar. The spectra calculated using dynamics were found be good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, observe that, upon temperature increases, low-frequency transverse gap emerges while high-frequency propagating modes become evanescent at THz scale. effect strong localization longitudinal mode...
Large laser facilities have recently enabled material characterization at the pressures of Earth and Super-Earth cores. However, temperature compressed materials has been largely unknown, or solely relied on models simulations, due to lack diagnostics under these challenging conditions. Here, we report temperature, density, pressure, local structure copper determined from extended x-ray absorption fine velocimetry up 1 Terapascal. These results nearly double highest pressure which reported...
Sonochemically prepared PtRu (3 : 1) and Johnson Matthey (1 were analyzed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy in operating liquid feed direct methanol fuel cells. The total metal loadings 4 mg cm(-2) unsupported catalysts at the anode cathode of membrane electrode assembly. Ex situ XRD lattice parameter analysis indicates partial segregation Ru from fcc alloy both catalysts. A comparison DMFC EXAFS to that as-received catalyst shows restructuring during operation increases coordination numbers....
The fabrication and performance evaluation of single-crystal diamond refractive X-ray lenses which the surfaces are paraboloids revolution for focusing X-rays in two dimensions simultaneously reported. were manufactured using a femtosecond laser micromachining process tested synchrotron radiation. Such stacked together to form standard compound lens (CRL). Owing superior physical properties material, CRLs could become indispensable wavefront-preserving primary optics free-electron lasers...
We report on the design, implementation, and performance of an x-ray monochromator with ultra-high energy resolution (∆E/E 2.7 × 10 -8 ) high spectral efficiency using x rays photon energies E 9.13 keV.The operating principle is based phenomenon angular dispersion in Bragg back-diffraction.The optical scheme a modification reported earlier [Shvyd'ko et al., Phys.Rev. A 84, 053823 (2011)], where collimator/wavelength selector Si crystal was replaced 100-µm-thick type IIa diamond crystal.This...