E. P. Hartouni
A5029563505- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Cold Fusion and Nuclear Reactions
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Nuclear physics research studies
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Combustion and Detonation Processes
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Laser Design and Applications
- Fusion materials and technologies
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2016-2025
General Atomics (United States)
2014-2022
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2014-2021
Fusion Academy
2014-2021
Fusion (United States)
2014-2021
Energetics (United States)
2016-2020
University of Rochester
2016-2020
Passport Systems (United States)
2019
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2014-2019
Osaka University
2019
Transverse momentum spectra for charged hadrons and neutral pions in the range 1 GeV/c<p(T)<5 GeV/c have been measured by PHENIX experiment at RHIC Au+Au collisions root square[s(NN)] = 130 GeV. At high p(T) from peripheral nuclear are consistent with scaling p+p average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The central significantly suppressed when compared to binary-scaled expectation, also similarly collisions, indicating a novel nuclear-medium effect energies.
The centrality dependence of transverse momentum distributions and yields for ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}},{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}},p$, $\overline{p}$ in $\text{Au}+\text{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$ midrapidity are measured by the PHENIX experiment Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. We observe a clear particle mass shapes spectra central below $\ensuremath{\sim}2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}∕c$ ${p}_{T}$....
The anisotropy parameter (v(2)), the second harmonic of azimuthal particle distribution, has been measured with PHENIX detector in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV for identified and inclusive charged production central rapidities (|eta|<0.35) respect to reaction plane defined high (|eta|=3-4 ). We observe that v(2) mesons falls below (anti)baryons p(T)>2 GeV/c, marked contrast predictions a hydrodynamical model. A quark-coalescence model is also investigated.
Transverse momentum spectra of neutral pions in the range 1<pT<10 GeV/c have been measured at midrapidity by PHENIX experiment BNL RHIC Au+Au collisions sNN=200 GeV. The π0 multiplicity central reactions is significantly below yields same sNN peripheral and p+p scaled number nucleon-nucleon collisions. For most bin, suppression factor ∼2.5 pT=2 increases to ∼4–5 pT≈4 GeV/c. At larger pT, remains constant within errors. deficit already apparent semiperipheral smoothly with centrality.Received...
This Letter reports results from the MINOS experiment based on its initial exposure to neutrinos Fermilab NuMI beam. The rates and energy spectra of charged current ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ interactions are compared in two detectors located along beam axis at distances 1 735 km. With $1.27\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}$ 120 GeV protons incident target, 215 events with energies below 30 observed Far Detector, an expectation $336\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}14$...
Abstract Obtaining a burning plasma is critical step towards self-sustaining fusion energy 1 . A one in which the reactions themselves are primary source of heating plasma, necessary to sustain and propagate burn, enabling high gain. After decades research, here we achieve burning-plasma state laboratory. These experiments were conducted at US National Ignition Facility, laser facility delivering up 1.9 megajoules pulses with peak powers 500 terawatts. We use lasers generate X-rays radiation...
Abstract In a burning plasma state 1–7 , alpha particles from deuterium–tritium fusion reactions redeposit their energy and are the dominant source of heating. This has recently been achieved at US National Ignition Facility 8 using indirect-drive inertial-confinement fusion. Our experiments use laser-generated radiation-filled cavity (a hohlraum) to spherically implode capsules containing deuterium tritium fuel in central hot spot where occur. We have developed more efficient hohlraums...
An inertial fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility, conducted August 8, 2021 (N210808), recently produced more than a megajoule of yield and passed Lawson's criterion for ignition [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)]. We describe experimental improvements that enabled N210808 present first measurements from an igniting plasma in laboratory. metrics like product hot-spot energy pressure squared, absence self-heating, increased by ∼35%, leading to record values enhancement...
We present the design of first igniting fusion plasma in laboratory by Lawson's criterion that produced 1.37 MJ energy, Hybrid-E experiment N210808 (August 8, 2021) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This uses indirect drive inertial confinement approach to heat and compress a central "hot spot" deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel using surrounding dense DT piston. Ignition occurs when heating from absorption α particles created process overcomes loss mechanisms...
The PHENIX experiment has measured midrapidity ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]) transverse momentum spectra of electrons as a function centrality in Au+Au collisions at [FORMULA: TEXT]. Contributions from photon conversions and light hadron decays, mainly Dalitz decays pi0 eta mesons, were removed. resulting nonphotonic electron are primarily due to the semileptonic hadrons carrying heavy quarks. Nuclear modification factors determined by comparison p+p collisions. A significant suppression high pT is...
Azimuthal correlations of jet-induced high-pT charged hadron pairs are studied at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions √sNN=200 GeV. The distribution jet-associated partner hadrons (1.0<pT<2.5 GeV/c) per trigger (2.5<pT<4.0 is found to vary with collision centrality, both shape and yield, indicating a significant effect the nuclear medium on jet fragmentation process.Received 1 July 2005DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.052301©2006 American Physical Society
The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has measured charged hadron yields mid-rapidity over a wide range of transverse momentum (0.5 < p_T 10 GeV/c) in Au+Au collisions sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV. data are compared to pi^zero measurements from the same experiment. For both hadrons and neutral pions, per nucleon-nucleon collision significantly suppressed central peripheral collisions. suppression sets gradually increases with increasing centrality Above 4-5 GeV/c p_T, constant almost identical pi^zeroes is...
The invariant differential cross section for inclusive neutral-pion production in p+p collisions at √s=200 GeV has been measured midrapidity (|η|<0.35) over the range 1<pT≲14 GeV/c by PHENIX experiment Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Predictions of next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations are consistent with these measurements. precision our result is sufficient to differentiate between prevailing gluon-to-pion fragmentation functions.Received 28 April...
Identified ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$, ${K}^{+/\ensuremath{-}}$, $p$, and $\overline{p}$ transverse momentum spectra at midrapidity in $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}130\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions were measured by the PHENIX experiment RHIC as a function of collision centrality. Average momenta increase with number participating nucleons similar way for all particle...
The first measurement of direct photons in Au + collisions at (square root)S(NN) = 200 GeV is presented. photon signal extracted as a function the collision centrality and compared to next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculations. yield shown scale with number nucleon-nucleon for all centralities.
We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at midrapidity in Au-Au collisions square root of [s(NN)] = 130 GeV measured with PHENIX detector RHIC. For 5% most central we find dN(ch)/d eta(vertical line eta 0) 622+/-1(stat)+/-41(syst). The results, analyzed as a function centrality, show steady rise particle density per participating nucleon centrality.
The PHENIX experiment at the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) has measured transverse energy and charged particle multiplicity midrapidity in $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=19.6,130$, $200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$ as a function of centrality. presented results are compared to measurements from other RHIC experiments lower energies. $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ dependence $dE{}_{T}/d\ensuremath{\eta}$...
We report on the yield of protons and antiprotons, as a function centrality transverse momentum, in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV measured midrapidity by PHENIX experiment BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In central intermediate momenta (1.5<p(T)<4.5 GeV/c) significant fraction all produced particles are antiprotons. They show centrality-scaling behavior different from that pions. The pmacr;/pi p/pi ratios enhanced compared to peripheral Au+Au, p+p, e(+)e(-) collisions. This...
Inclusive transverse momentum spectra of $\ensuremath{\eta}$ mesons have been measured within ${p}_{T}=2--10\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/c$ at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment in $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=200\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$. In central yields are significantly suppressed compared to peripheral $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$, $d+\mathrm{Au}$, and $p+p$ scaled corresponding number nucleon-nucleon collisions. The magnitude, centrality, ${p}_{T}$ dependence...
We report the results of a search for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ disappearance by Main Injector Neutrino Oscillation Search [D. G. Michael et al. (MINOS), Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 191801 (2006).]. The experiment uses two detectors separated 734 km to observe beam neutrinos created Neutrinos at facility Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. data were collected in first 282 days operations and correspond an exposure $1.27\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}$ protons on target....
The velocity of a ∼3 GeV neutrino beam is measured by comparing detection times at the near and far detectors MINOS experiment, separated 734 km. A total 473 detector events was used to measure (v−c)/c=5.1±2.9×10−5 (at 68% C.L.). By correlating energies 258 charged-current their arrival detector, limit imposed on mass mν<50 MeV/c2 (99% C.L.).Received 4 June 2007DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.76.072005©2007 American Physical Society
DT neutron yield (Y(n)), ion temperature (T(i)), and down-scatter ratio (dsr) determined from measured spectra are essential metrics for diagnosing the performance of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions at National Ignition Facility (NIF). A suite neutron-time-of-flight (nTOF) spectrometers a magnetic recoil spectrometer (MRS) have been implemented in different locations around NIF target chamber, providing good implosion coverage complementarity required reliable measurements Y(n),...
Recent experiments on the National Ignition Facility [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] demonstrate that utilizing a near-vacuum hohlraum (low pressure gas-filled) is viable option for high convergence cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) layered capsule implosions. This made possible by using dense ablator (high-density carbon), which shortens drive duration needed to achieve convergence: measured 40% higher efficiency than typical gas-filled hohlraums, requires less laser...
Neutron time-of-flight diagnostics have long been used to characterize the neutron spectrum produced by inertial confinement fusion experiments. The primary diagnostic goals are extract d + t → n α (DT) and 3He (DD) yields peak widths, amount DT scattering relative its unscattered yield, also known as down-scatter ratio (DSR). These quantities infer yield weighted plasma conditions, such ion temperature (Tion) cold fuel areal density. We report on novel methodologies determine apparent Tion,...