A5024048020- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Genetic factors in colorectal cancer
- Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Endometrial and Cervical Cancer Treatments
- Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
- Uterine Myomas and Treatments
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Cancer and Skin Lesions
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Art Therapy and Mental Health
- Soft tissue tumors and treatment
- AI in cancer detection
- Genital Health and Disease
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Social Media in Health Education
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Diversity and Career in Medicine
- Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
University of Virginia
2016-2025
University of Virginia Health System
2014-2024
University of Virginia Medical Center
2023
Universidad Libre de Colombia
2022
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
2022
Novartis (Switzerland)
2022
PharmaMar (Spain)
2022
Novocure (Jersey)
2022
University of California, San Diego
2022
MSD K.K. (Japan)
2022
Most prior studies of primary diagnosis in surgical pathology using whole slide imaging (WSI) versus microscopy have focused on specific organ systems or included relatively few cases. The objective this study was to demonstrate that WSI is noninferior for pathology. A blinded randomized noninferiority conducted across the entire range cases (biopsies and resections, including hematoxylin eosin, immunohistochemistry, special stains) from 4 institutions original sign-out (baseline diagnosis)...
Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Mutation carriers are at substantially increased risk of developing cancers the colorectum and endometrium, among others. Given recent recommendations for universal, cost-effective screening all patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer using MMR protein immunohistochemistry, we evaluated expression a series endometrial general population. A total 605...
Context.— The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for patients with advanced solid tumors that have DNA mismatch repair defects or high levels of microsatellite instability; however, the FDA provided no guidance on which specific clinical assays should be used to determine status. Objective.— To develop an evidence-based guideline identify optimal laboratory test in tumor malignancies who are being considered therapy. Design.— College American...
The College of American Pathologists (CAP) has developed a guideline on testing for mismatch repair (MMR) and microsatellite instability (MSI) patients considered immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. ASCO policy set procedures endorsing clinical practice guidelines that have been by other professional organizations.The CAP was reviewed developmental rigor methodologists. An Endorsement Panel subsequently the content recommendations.The determined recommendations from guideline, published...
Tumor expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with immune evasion in a variety malignancies, including subset triple-negative breast carcinomas, and may mark cancers as susceptible to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapies. We herein characterize PD-L1 across the full range histomorphologies investigate its intratumoral heterogeneity fidelity primaries metastases. A total 245 primary 40 metastatic (20 nodal, 20 distant) carcinomas were evaluated immunohistochemistry on...
Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm with smooth muscle differentiation. Little known about its molecular heterogeneity and no targeted therapy currently exists for leiomyosarcoma. Recognition of different subtypes necessary to evaluate novel therapeutic options. In previous study on 51 leiomyosarcomas, we identified three in The current was performed determine whether the existence these could be confirmed independent cohorts.Ninety-nine cases leiomyosarcoma were expression profiled 3'end...
Mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient endometrial carcinomas (ECs) bearing Lynch syndrome (LS)-associated germline mutations or sporadic MLH1 promoter hypermethylation (MLH1hm) are highly immunogenic and may represent excellent candidates for therapies targeting the programmed cell death (PD)/programmed ligand-1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint pathway. This study evaluates PD-L1 expression in MMR-deficient ECs including LS-associated MLH1hm cases, comparison with MMR-intact tumors. Immunohistochemistry...
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can precipitate and exacerbate gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury. The gold standard for CMV detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is immunohistochemistry (IHC). Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on fresh may be a valuable adjunct to IHC, its utility unknown FFPE tissues. We therefore evaluated quantitative, real-time PCR total of 102 GI biopsy specimens from 74 patients with history hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplant,...
Deep learning-based computer vision methods have recently made remarkable breakthroughs in the analysis and classification of cancer pathology images. However, there has been relatively little investigation utility deep neural networks to synthesize medical In this study, we evaluated efficacy generative adversarial high-resolution images 10 histological types cancer, including five from The Cancer Genome Atlas major subtypes ovarian carcinoma. quality these was assessed using a...
Dysregulated expression of oncogenic types E6 and E7 is necessary for human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven carcinogenesis. An HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) assay covering 18 common high-risk (“HR-RISH,” aka HR-HPV RNA18 ISH) has not been extensively studied the anogenital tract or validated on automated technology. We herein compare HR-RISH to DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), p16 immunohistochemistry, a previously available ISH HPV-related head neck (H&N) neoplasia. A total...
Atypical leiomyoma is a well-described smooth muscle neoplasm of the uterus. Only 1 study has addressed long-term clinical follow-up in large series, and little known about adequacy treatment by myomectomy. The surgical pathology archives were searched for consecutive cases uterine atypical from 1992 to 2003. Glass slides reviewed confirm diagnoses, patient age, modality, data recorded. Fifty-one leiomyomas with available glass identified. Thirty tumors exhibited diffuse, moderately severely...
Apocrine carcinomas comprise ∼1% of all breast cancers and are characterized by large cells bearing abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, round nuclei, prominent nucleoli. They typically estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/HER2 negative, making them unresponsive to typical hormonal or HER2-based chemotherapy. However, this subtype triple-negative expresses androgen receptor (AR), a feature not shared most nonapocrine (NA-TNCs). AR therefore represents potential diagnostic tool...
Expanded testing for Lynch syndrome (LS) is increasingly recommended patients with endometrial carcinomas, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) tumor loss of mismatch-repair (MMR) protein expression the most common primary screen. This has led to recognition MMR-IHC-deficient cases without identifiable mutations on directed germline sequencing. The clinical implications such "Lynch-like" (LL) cancers are unclear. We here report clinicopathologic features putative familial carcinoma identified...
Lynch syndrome (LS) is defined by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and affected patients are at high risk for multiple cancers. Reflexive testing MMR protein loss immunohistochemistry (IHC) currently only recommended colorectal endometrial cancers, although upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) the third-most common malignancy with LS. To study suitability of universal IHC screening UTUC, we investigated expression microsatellite status UTUC comparison to bladder UC...
Advances in genomics and proteomics drive precision medicine by providing actionable genetic alterations molecularly targeted therapies, respectively.While genomic analysis medicinal chemistry have advanced patient stratification with treatments tailored to the profile of a patient's tumor, proteomic targeting has potential enhance therapeutic index drugs like poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors.PARP inhibitors breast ovarian cancer patients BRCA1/2 mutations shown promise.About...
Cell cycle regulatory protein expression by immunohistochemical assay may have diagnostic utility in the distinction of uterine leiomyosarcoma from leiomyoma variants. p16, p21, p27, and p53 was evaluated immunohistochemistry on 44 atypical leiomyomas (mean follow-up, 50.8 mo), 16 leiomyosarcomas 29.7 8 cellular 22.6 mo). Nuclear staining semiquantitatively scored 1 representative section per case as negative (0%), focal (>0% to 33%), patchy (>33% 66%), or diffuse (>66%). In addition,...
Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in solid tumors has recently been linked to susceptibility immunotherapies targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed ligand (PD-L1) axis. Loss of MMR proteins shown correlate with tumoral PD-L1 expression colorectal and endometrial carcinomas, but association between not previously studied breast carcinoma, where is less common. We assessed relationship protein by immunohistochemistry 245 primary 40 metastatic carcinomas. Tumoral staining for...
Suppression of the immune system is intimately linked to development and progression malignancy, modulating treatment options have shown promise in a variety tumor types, including some triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). The most dramatic therapeutic success has been seen with checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) its ligand, PD-L1. Difficulty remains, however, appropriate patient selection for treatment, as many PD-L1-positive fail show durable responses...
Mesonephric-like endometrial carcinoma is a rare but frequently misclassified and aggressive malignancy. KRAS mutations, limited estrogen receptor (ER) expression, TTF-1, GATA3, luminal CD10 expression are described in these tumors, an immunohistochemistry-based screening approach has not been studied. We assessed 300 carcinomas/carcinosarcomas to ascertain the specificity of TTF-1/GATA3/luminal with or without ER staining for this diagnosis. Next-generation sequencing morphologic review...