A5069988681- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Financial Markets and Investment Strategies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Monetary Policy and Economic Impact
- Corporate Finance and Governance
- Financial Reporting and Valuation Research
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Economic theories and models
- Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Market Dynamics and Volatility
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Capital Investment and Risk Analysis
- Insurance and Financial Risk Management
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
Eastern Mennonite University
2014-2021
University of West Georgia
2001-2020
University of Rhode Island
2000-2019
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2006-2014
U.S. National Science Foundation
2001-2002
University of South Alabama
1989-2001
University of Southern Mississippi
2001
Royal Society
1998
Museum of the History of Science
1998
Proyecto Español
1995
More than 50 years ago, Harald Sverdrup developed a simple model for the necessary conditions leading to spring bloom of phytoplankton. Although this has been used extensively across variety aquatic ecosystems, its application requires knowledge community compensation irradiance ( I C ), light level where photosynthetic and ecosystem loss processes balance. However, reported values have varied by an order magnitude. Here, estimates are determined using satellite hydrographic data sets...
The global distribution pattern of coccolithophorid blooms was mapped in order to ascertain the prevalence these world's oceans and estimate their worldwide production CaCO 3 dimethyl sulfide (DMS). Mapping accomplished by classifying pixels 5‐day composites coastal zone color scanner imagery into bloom nonbloom classes using a supervised, multispectral classification scheme. Surface waters with spectral signature annually covered an average 1.4×10 6 km 2 world from 1979 1985, subpolar...
Photosynthetic production of organic matter by microscopic oceanic phytoplankton fuels ocean ecosystems and contributes roughly half the Earth's net primary production. For 13 years, Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) mission provided first consistent, synoptic observations global ecosystems. Changes in surface chlorophyll concentration, biological property retrieved from SeaWiFS, have traditionally been used as a metric for abundance its distribution largely reflects patterns...
Results of a single‐blind round‐robin comparison satellite primary productivity algorithms are presented. The goal the exercise was to determine accuracy in predicting depth‐integrated production from information amenable remote sensing. Twelve algorithms, developed by 10 teams, were evaluated comparing their ability estimate daily (IP, mg C m −2 ) at 89 stations geographically diverse provinces. Algorithms furnished about surface chlorophyll concentration, temperature, photosynthetic...
Weekly period meanders and eddies are persistent features of Gulf Stream frontal dynamics from Miami, Florida, to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Satellite imagery moored current temperature records reveal a spatial pattern preferred regions for growth decay disturbances. Growth occur off Canaveral, Fear due baroclinic instability, occurs in the confines Straits Florida between Miami Palm Beach, 30° 32°N where stream approaches topographic feature known as Charleston bump 33°N Hatteras. Eddy...
Conceptual and mathematical models show that annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass are different within regions the ocean. The purpose this manuscript is to use coastal zone color scanner chlorophyll imagery (CZCS‐Ch1) determine in (biomass) averaged over very large areas global A possible result large‐scale averaging CZCS‐Ch1 will yield no interpretable signals because spatial variability at scales much smaller than our scale. Alternatively, if analyses regular persistent patterns, then...
The 4‐year, calibrated SeaWiFS data set provides a means to determine seasonal and other sources of phytoplankton variability on global scales, which is an important component the total associated with ocean biological biogeochemical processes. We used empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis 4‐year time series chlorophyll measurements quantify major (as well as late El Niño La Niña phase 1997–1998 ENSO) signals in biomass between 50°S 50°N, then second summer patterns at higher...
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ABSTRACT Phytoplankton growth rate in response to irradiance can be approximated by a hyperbola defined three coefficients: i) initial slope (α); ii) asymptote (μ m ); and, iii) X‐axis intercept or compensation (I c ). To mathematically represent the interaction of temperature and on rate, one must describe relationship between these constants temperature. The marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve, was grown unialgal culture at different levels 2‐3 photoperiods 0, 5, 10, 16 22...
Continuous surface mapping of temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll along a 300‐km segment the Gulf Stream cyclonic front defined spatial scales large diatom patch that persisted throughout 10‐day study. The was localized in upwelled cold core frontal eddy centered over 200‐m isobath off Jacksonville, Florida, April 1979. 2 µg ·liter −1 isopleth enclosed an area >1,000 km with alongshore dimension 130 km. Surface exceeded 5 µ g·liter within eddy, 10–100× higher than concentrations or...
Phytoplankton cell size is important to biogeochemical and food web processes. The goal of this study estimate phytoplankton distribution from satellite imagery spectral remote sensing reflectance ( R rs λ )). Previous studies have indicated classes distinctive absorption spectra despite the physiological taxonomic variability within an assemblage. For study, chlorophyll specific for class extremes, pico‐ microphytoplankton, are weighted by percent microplankton S fm ) basis retrieval...
The Galician shelf off NW Spain (43N° 9W°) exhibits mesoscale spatial and temporal changes in biological productivity associated with upwelling. Spatial heterogeneity results from local geomorphic land‐sea interactions superimposed on the large scale atmospheric processes that produce Wind‐induced upwelling events, commonly of short (i.e., week) duration, are more common summer than winter. A series cruises, including some time sampling, satellite imagery analysis showed surface was...
A 1‐yr time series of Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) imagery continental shelf waters off the southeastern U.S. was statistically analyzed to determine dominant scale lengths in range from 2 100 km for near‐surface chlorophyll (Chl) variability. For each image, we extracted two‐dimensional matrices CZCS‐Chl concentrations 10 study areas. Variograms (structure functions) were calculated both along‐ and across‐shelf dimension data matrix, although designed areas focus on along‐shelf The...
Satellite‐derived chlorophyll estimates from the Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS) and Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), a large archive of in situ near‐surface data, satellite sea surface temperature (SST) measurements were used to quantify spatial seasonal variability SST middle shelf slope waters off coast U.S. Northeast. The results empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis on normalized monthly fields (after temporal means removed) show that all three climatologies...
We developed an absorption-based primary production model that includes the effects of phytoplankton community size structure for continental margin and adjoining Gulf Stream waters Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB). The uses seasonal cycles from previously published results, representative absorption spectra, remotely sensed chlorophyll concentration, sea surface temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, in situ determination mixed layer dynamics, determined nitrate concentration. allows...
Ocean color and infrared imagery from aircraft satellite sensors are combined with in situ measurements of currents, chlorophyll, temperature, salinity, coastal winds, sea level to study upwelling events the Georgia Bight where Gulf Stream continental shelf waters strongly interact. These interactions were observed over an 8 day period April 1980 during which five independent upwellings occurred. The included a nearshore wind‐driven enhanced by topographic effects, three filament‐induced...