A5022597113- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Speech and Audio Processing
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Cardiac Fibrosis and Remodeling
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Advanced Data Compression Techniques
- Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques
Queen's University Belfast
2010-2023
The University of Western Australia
2019
Royal Perth Hospital
2019
King's College London
2010
British Heart Foundation
2010
Centre of Experimental Medicine of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2002-2008
Royal Victoria Hospital
2005
University of Ulster
2005
Nokia (United States)
2005
Queen's University
1997
Doxorubicin is a highly effective cancer treatment whose use severely limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. It well established that doxorubicin increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In this study, we investigated contributions to cardiotoxicity from Nox2 NADPH oxidase, an important ROS source in cardiac cells, which known modulate several key processes underlying the myocardial response injury. Nox2-deficient mice (Nox2-/-) and wild-type (WT) controls were injected with...
This paper presents the results of a pilot study comparing four different speech waveform coding techniques varying complexity. Coder transmission rates 24, 16, and 9.6 Kb/s were used in experiment. Subjective ratings objective measurements quality are obtained compared. A number conclusions drawn concerning complexity, techniques. By to subjective also strengths weaknesses various (objective) measures coders.
In addition to its' established metabolic and cardioprotective effects, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) reduces post-infarction heart failure via preferential actions on the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we investigated whether GLP-1 mimetic, exendin-4, modulates cardiac remodelling in experimental diabetes by specifically targeting inflammatory/ECM pathways, which are characteristically dysregulated this setting. Adult mice were subjected streptozotocin (STZ) infused with...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an insulin-releasing hormone clinically exploited for glycaemic control in diabetes, which also confers acute cardioprotection and benefits experimental/clinical heart failure. We specifically investigated the role of GLP-1 mimetic, exendin-4, post-myocardial infarction (MI) remodelling, a key contributor to Adult female normoglycaemic mice underwent coronary artery ligation/sham surgery prior infusion with exendin-4/vehicle 4 weeks. Metabolic parameters...
Abstract Background and Purpose The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX), although successful as a first‐line cancer treatment, induces cardiotoxicity linked with increased production of myocardial ROS, Nox2 NADPH oxidase‐derived superoxide reported to play key role. aim this study was identify novel mechanisms underlying development cardiac remodelling/dysfunction further DOX‐stimulated activation. Experimental Approach −/− wild‐type (WT) littermate mice were administered DOX (12 mg·kg −1 over 3...
Listeners judged paired comparisons of speech samples transmitted through 22 circuits, each which introduced a different type distortion. One group listeners made preference judgments and another similarity judgments. A multidimensional scaling procedure was applied to set data. Both these procedures represent the stimuli as points in subjective space whose coordinates correspond attributes underlying The also represents vectors same space. listener's vector is located according relative...
It was investigated whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) could exert a trophic effect on ventricular myocytes isolated from the adult rat heart. Two different culture models were used: day 1 and 7 cultures of cardiomyocytes. In cultures, NPY caused an increase in cellular protein mass. (10 nM) increased protein-to-DNA ratio within 24 h by 10.1 +/- 2.8% (P < 0.01), but did not stimulate incorporation [14C]phenylalanine into cell proteins. The degradation proteins retarded presence NPY, revealed...
Objective To compare enalapril 20 mg once daily with 10 twice in terms of blood pressure reduction and patient compliance. Design Cross-over study patients randomly assigned to a sequence or three 4-week periods following placebo run-in. Setting General practices the greater Belfast Lisburn area Northern Ireland. Patients Twenty-five hypertensive who had mean diastolic between 90 110 mmHg after receiving for 4 weeks. Main outcome measures Reduction estimation Results Patient compliance was...
PURPOSE To determine the maximum-tolerated dose of escalating doses paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) administered biweekly with a fixed cisplatin, to assess toxicity, and evaluate activity this combination in phase I/II trial metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-nine women cancer were enrolled; 27 assessable for response 29 toxicity. All but two had received prior adjuvant chemotherapy, 23 receiving anthracyclines six previous cisplatin. RESULTS The...
Adrenomedullin (AM) and intermedin (IMD; adrenomedulln-2) are vasodilator peptides related to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). The actions of these mediated by the receptor-like receptor (CLR) in association with one three activity-modifying proteins. CGRP is selective for CLR/receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)1, AM CLR/RAMP2 -3, IMD acts at both receptors. In a model pressure overload induced inhibition nitric-oxide synthase, up-regulation was observed previously...
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) therapies are routinely used for glycaemic control in diabetes and their emerging cardiovascular actions have been a major recent research focus. In addition to GLP-1 receptor activation, the metabolically-inactive breakdown product, GLP-1(9-36)amide, also appears exert notable effects, including protection against acute cardiac ischaemia. Here, we specifically studied influence of GLP-1(9-36)amide on chronic post-myocardial infarction (MI) remodelling, which...
To determine the effects of age and dual endothelin (ET)A/ETB receptor antagonism (bosentan) on aortic matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) abundance tissue inhibitor (TIMP) expression in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Male SHR control WKY were randomly assigned to receive placebo or bosentan (100 mg/kg per day) for 3 months. Animals killed under terminal anaesthesia at either 20 weeks (adult) 17-20 months (senescent). Aortic gelatinase activity was...
Four well-known procedures for analog speech privacy have been compared in terms of residual intelligibility, bandwidth expansion, and encoding delay. Intelligibility scores determined from a perceptual experiment where about 70 untrained listeners were given the task recognizing each 200 spoken digits that occurred balanced set 50 encrypted four-digit utterances, by averaging resulting probabilities correct digit recognition. Bandwidth expansion has expressed new segmental measure is more...
Background Information is scarce regarding effects of antihypertensive medication on blood pressure variability (BPV) and associated clinical outcomes. We examined whether treatment changes BPV over time such change (decline or increase) has any association with long-term mortality in an elderly hypertensive population. Methods Results used data from a subset participants the Second Australian National Blood Pressure study (n=496) aged ≥65 years who had 24-hour ambulatory recordings at entry...
Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
An experiment has been performed to study the perceptual characteristics of speech processed by ADPCM. We created 18 three-bit and four-bit coders spanning a wide range quantizer adaptation parameters. Subjects judged difference between each pair rated quality coder individually. The data reveal three important dimensions (overall clarity, signal vs. background distortion, muffled hoarse) which are related various objective measures performance. Overall subjective is well predicted segmental...
AbstractBackground: Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is associated with hypertension, myocardial oxidative stress and hypertrophic remodeling. Up-regulation the cardiomyocyte adrenomedullin (AM) / intermedin (IMD) receptor signaling cascade also apparent in NO-deficient cardiomyocytes: augmented expression AM activity modifying proteins RAMP2 RAMP3 prevented by blood pressure normalization while that RAMP1 not, indicating latter regulated a pressure-independent mechanism....
Background/aims: Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is associated with hypertension, myocardial ischemia, oxidative stress and hypertrophy; expression the vasodilator peptide, adrenomedullin (AM) its receptors augmented in cardiomyocytes, indicating that AM system may be activated response to pressure loading ischemic insult serve a counter-regulatory, cardio-protective role. The study examined hypothesis hypertrophic remodeling NO-deficient cardiomyocytes are attenuated by...