A5047946624- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications
University of Cambridge
1993-2018
Brigham Young University
2013
University of Bern
2011
Public Health England
2008-2009
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
1981-1989
Medical Research Council
1984-1989
University of California, San Francisco
1988
Kantonsspital Baselland
1984
Weatherford College
1984
University of Helsinki
1984
The nucleotide sequence is described of a region the Escherichia coli chromosome extending from oriC to phoS that also includes loci gid, unc and glmS. Taken with known sequences for asnA this completes segment about 17 kilobases or 0.4 min E. genome. Sequences are probably transcriptional promoters can be detected identity promoter has been confirmed by experiments in vitro RNA polymerase. Upstream an extensive appears non-coding. Conserved found may serve concentrate polymerase vicinity...
Data on the pre-vaccination patterns of infection for measles, mumps and rubella are collated from a number European countries in order to compare epidemiology three viruses. Key epidemiological parameters, such as age-specific force basic reproduction ( R 0 ) estimated case notification or serological data using standard techniques. A method is described estimates derived data. Analysis suggests that measles different were similar. In contrast, was highly variable between countries. This it...
SUMMARY The basic reproduction number of an infection, R0, is the average secondary infections generated by a single typical infective individual in totally susceptible population. It directly related to effort required eliminate infection. We consider statistical methods for estimating R0 from age-stratified serological survey data. main difficulty indeterminacy, since contacts between individuals different ages are not observed. show that, given estimate age-specific hazard particular...
In 1995, varicella vaccination was introduced into the infant immunization schedule of United States. Currently, many other countries are considering mass vaccination. Mass has two dangers: it could increase number cases in adults, where severity is greater, and zoster. A deterministic, realistic, age-structured model (RAS) built to study these concerns. Model parameter estimates were derived from a review literature surveillance data England Wales. Different vaccine efficacy scenarios,...
Part of the atp (or unc) operon encoding alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon subunits Escherichia coli ATP-synthase has been cloned into plasmid pACYC 184. The DNA coding for largest these proteins, alphas subunit, sequenced by cloning bacteriophage M13 sequencing with dideoxy nucleotide chain terminators. It comprises 1539 nucleotides corresponding to a protein 513 amino acids.
A strain of Escherichia coli with a mutation in the promoter proximal gene ( uncI ) unc operon has been constructed by using new replacement method. The is deletion defined sequence 196 base pairs. It was homologous integration and segregation ColE1-derived recombinant plasmid containing mutation, temperature-sensitive polA strain. mutant phenotypically unc+ but reduced growth yield compared to normal sibling
This is the first large-scale study to investigate seroprevalence of varicella zoster (VZV) in general population England and Wales. The focused on those aged 1-20 years, that age group whom most infections occur. Prevalence rose rapidly with age, 53% children showing evidence prior infection by 5 years young adults having experienced infection. In addition using a fixed cut-off recommended manufacturer, mixture modelling technique was also used define proportion seropositive each group....
A mixture modelling technique is applied to age-specific frequency distributions of quantitative results from serological surveys for measles, mumps and rubella using samples collected across the age range in England Wales 2000. In accordance with previous studies analysis suggests that antibody response natural infection stronger than produced by vaccination, vaccine-induced levels wane time vary each virus being strongest weakest mumps. The current epidemic United Kingdom focused cohorts...
The prevention of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), as a complication infection during pregnancy, is the main aim vaccination programmes. However, infants leads to an increase in average age at which those who were not immunized become infected, certain programmes can lead incidence CRS. In this paper we use mathematical model transmission dynamics virus investigate likely impact different policies Europe. was able capture pre-and post-vaccination patterns and prevalence serological markers...
Therapeutics based on small interfering RNA (siRNA) have promising potential as antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents. To deliver siRNA across cell membranes to reach the RNAi pathway in cytosol of target cells, non-viral nanoparticulate delivery approaches are explored. Recently, we showed that encapsulation lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs), poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) cationic lipid-like materials (lipidoids), remarkably enhances intracellular compared with LPNs...
The objective of this study is to estimate the measles reproduction ratio for eight Western European vaccination programmes. Because many plausible age-structured transmission patterns result in a similar description observations, it not possible unique value ratio. A method developed bounds and confidence intervals values ratios using maximum likelihood methods. Lower upper basic are estimated be 7·17 (95% CI 7·14–7·20) 45·41 9·77–49·57), corresponding lower on critical vaccine coverage...
The transposon Tn7 is unusual as it transposes at high frequencies from episomal elements to a unique site in the Escherichia coli chromosome. This within region of dyad symmetry that we have demonstrated be transcriptional terminator glmS gene which encodes glutamine amidotransferase, glucosamine synthetase. Transposition abolishes termination transcription this site; transcripts now extend into left end and terminate new site, tm, 127 base pairs Tn7. contains long open reading frame...
Mean weekly incidence rates for a 4‐week period of new episodes infectious intestinal disease (IID) and laboratory reports faecal isolations in children under 5 y age presenting general practice were used to estimate the IID due rotavirus infection England Wales. Between January 1992 December 1996, total 92452 seen at sentinel practices reported Royal College General Practitioners (RCGP) Research Unit Birmingham, UK. Of these 32% (29592) age. During same Communicable Disease Surveillance...