A5008069385- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Sleep and related disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Healthcare Policy and Management
- Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Chronic Disease Management Strategies
Minnesota Department of Health
2019-2025
University of Minnesota
2019-2025
Twin Cities Orthopedics
2023
Boston University
2017-2020
Center for Global Health
2018
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and other noncigarette tobacco products may increase the odds cigarette initiation, even among low-risk youths.To evaluate associations prior e-cigarette product with subsequent initiation within 2 years follow-up.In this prospective cohort study, data from waves 1 through 3 Population Assessment Tobacco Health Study (2013-2016) were used to assess youths aged 12 15 who had never cigarettes, e-cigarettes, or at wave 1. This was a nationally...
<h3>Background</h3> The role of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in product transitions has been debated. <h3>Methods</h3> We used nationally representative data from the Population Assessment Tobacco and Health Study waves 1 (2013–2014) 2 (2014–2015) to investigate associations between e-cigarette initiation cigarette cessation/reduction USA. limited sample current smokers aged 25+ years who were not users at wave 1. modelled 30-day cessation substantial reduction consumption as a...
<h3>Introduction</h3> Hypertension has become a major cause of morbidity and premature mortality in South Africa, but population-wide estimates prevalence access to care are scarce. Using data from the African National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2012), this analysis evaluates national hypertension uses cascade examine unmet need for care. <h3>Methods</h3> was defined as blood pressure over 140/90 mm Hg or use antihypertensive medication. We constructed by decomposing...
South Africa faces an epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), yet national surveillance is limited due to the lack recent data. We used data from first comprehensive survey on NCDs-the African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1 (2011-2012))-to evaluate prevalence health system response diabetes through a care cascade. defined as Hemoglobin A1c equal or above 6.5% currently treatment for diabetes. constructed cascade by categorizing population with into...
Abstract The prevalence of obesity has grown rapidly over the past several decades and been accompanied by an increase in chronic pain prescription opioid use. Obesity, through its association with pain, may represent important contributor to This cross-sectional study investigated relationship between use among adults aged 35 79 years using data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003-2016). Relative normal weight, body mass indices overweight {odds ratio (OR), 1.11...
One of the key risk factors for cardiovascular disease is hypertension. Hypertension, which leads to heart attacks and strokes, already affects one billion people worldwide, making it a global public health issue. Incidence prevalence condition on rise in low- middle-income countries, with biggest increase sub-Saharan Africa South at forefront. We examined prevalence, incidence, predictors, treatment, control hypertension among HIV-positive patients ART large African observational cohort.We...
This cross-sectional study examines trends in mortality rates among adults aged 25 to 44 years across the pre–COVID-19 pandemic, and postpandemic periods.
<h3>Importance</h3> Monitoring trends in prescription analgesic use among adults with musculoskeletal conditions provides insight into how changing prescribing practices, guidelines, and policy measures may affect those who need pain management. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate opioid nonopioid functional limitations attributable to conditions. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This repeated cross-sectional study uses data from the National Health Nutrition Examination Study 1999 2016....
Gauteng Province has the second lowest tuberculosis (TB) incidence rate in South Africa but greatest proportion of TB/HIV co-infection, with 68% TB patients estimated to have HIV. treatment outcomes are well documented at national and provincial level; however, knowledge gaps remain on how differ across detailed age groups.Using data from Africa's National Electronic Register (ETR), we assessed all-cause mortality loss follow-up (LTFU) among initiating for between 01/2010 12/2015...
Prior studies have identified associations between obesity and numerous conditions that increase risks for chronic pain. However, the impact of on prescription opioid use is not well known. This study investigates association incidence long-term use.Fifteen panels Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2000 to 2015 were pooled generate a sample civilian non-institutionalized adults aged 30-84 years who opioid-naïve approximately 9 months. Incident was defined as reporting at 2 3 interviews...
Abstract Surveillance data indicate that food security rates increased among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021) compared with pre-pandemic (2019), but this could have been due to participation from better resourced households. Our objective was examine if demographic differences between SNAP-participating households in each year were responsible for prevalence of secure We calculated observed 30-d year. used indirect...
This cross-sectional study examines all-cause mortality in the US between March 2018 and May 2023 by sex, race ethnicity, metropolitan status, region.
Objective Medical management of obesity can result in significant weight loss and reduce the burden obesity‐related complications. This report employs a new conceptual model to quantify engagement with care associated determinants US adult population. Methods Engagement was conceptualized as cascade comprising 5 successive steps: perceiving oneself overweight, desiring lose weight, attempting loss, seeking from health professional for obesity, physician specifically. Results Among adults...
Abstract Introduction Understanding which non-cigarette tobacco products precede smoking in youth across different racial/ethnic groups can inform policies that consider tobacco-related health disparities. Methods We used nationally representative, longitudinal data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study waves 1–4. The sample was a dynamic cohort cigarette-naïve aged 12–17 years. Mixed-effects models were to assess product (e-cigarette, cigar product, or other product)...
Characterizing electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use patterns is important for guiding tobacco regulatory policy and projecting the future burden of tobacco-related diseases. Few studies have examined e-cigarette in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Obesity is a major long-term concern in HIV-positive patients due to the pathogenic link between obesity and noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). We aim characterize changes BMI over time on antiretroviral therapy (ART) investigate association weight gain survival South Africa.A prospective cohort study among adults first-line ART April 2004 2015 Johannesburg, Africa. used latent-class growth modelling (adjusted for age, sex CD4 cell count) identify groups of individuals with similar...
Abstract Background Evaluating progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal of universal access to sexual and reproductive (SRH) services requires an understanding health needs individuals what constitutes services. We explored women’s costs accessing SRH in Johannesburg, South Africa contextualized based on estimates household income. Methods conducted observational study women aged 18–49 at a public HIV treatment site two primary care facilities from June 2015 August 2016. Interviews...
Objective To examine the association between weight change from young adulthood to midlife and risk of incident arthritis. Methods Using data National Health Nutrition Examination Survey, we categorized participants into weight‐change categories based on their recalled during midlife. We estimated developing an arthritis condition over 10 years using adjusted Cox models. Findings were extrapolated US population determine proportion cases that could be averted if entire maintained a normal...
The authors provide the first age-standardized race/ethnicity-specific, state-specific vaccination rates for United States. Data encompass all states reporting race/ethnicity-specific vaccinations and reflect through mid-October 2021, just before eligibility expanded below age 12. Using indirect standardization, compare racial/ethnic state with national rates. results show that white Black median are, respectively, 89 percent 76 of what would be predicted on basis age; Hispanic Native are...
ABSTRACT Introduction Recent research underscores the exceptionally young age distribution of Covid-19 deaths in United States compared with international peers. This brief characterizes how high levels Covid mortality at midlife ages (45-64) are deeply intertwined continuing racial inequity mortality. Methods Mortality data from Minnesota 2020-2022 were analyzed June 2022. Death certificate and published vaccination rates allow to be observed greater temporal precision than national data....