Abstract Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine, ischemia-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induces low MSC engraftment and limits their therapeutic efficacy. To overcome this, we investigated the protective effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), bile acid, on ER in MSCs vitro vivo . In conditions, TUDCA treatment reduced activation stress-associated proteins, including GRP78, PERK, eIF2α, ATF4, IRE1α, JNK, p38, CHOP....

Melatonin, a circadian rhythm-promoting molecule, has variety of biological functions, but the functional role melatonin in motility mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) yet to be studied. In mouse skin excisional wound model, we found that transplantation umbilical cord blood (UCB)-MSCs pretreated with enhanced closure, granulation, and re-epithelialization at sites, where relatively more UCB-MSCs which were engrafted onto site detected. Thus, identified signaling pathway melatonin, affects...

Abstract There is an accumulation of evidence indicating that the risk Alzheimer’s disease associated with diabetes mellitus, indicator high glucose concentrations in blood plasma. This study investigated effect on BACE1 expression and amyloidogenesis vivo , we present details mechanism those effects. Our results, using ZLC ZDF rat models, showed rats have levels amyloid-beta (Aβ), phosphorylated tau, BACE1, APP-C99. In vitro result mouse hippocampal neuron SK-N-MC, stimulated Aβ secretion...

Hyperglycemia is a representative hallmark and risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM) closely linked to DM-associated neuronal cell death. Previous investigators reported on genome-wide association study showed relationships between DM melatonin receptor (MT), highlighting the role of MT signaling by assessing in DM. However, pathogenesis unclear. Therefore, we investigated mitophagy regulators high glucose-induced death effect against cells. In our results, glucose significantly increased...

Abstract The pathophysiological actions of fatty acids (FAs) on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which are possibly mediated by genomic effects, widely known; however, their non-genomic remain elusive. aim this study was to investigate the mechanism extra-cellular palmitic acid (PA) regulating beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) production, may provide a link between obesity and occurrence AD. In an obese mouse model, high-fat diet (HFD) significantly increased expression levels APP BACE1 as well AD...

Abstract The control of stem cells by oxygen signaling is an important way to improve various cell physiological functions and metabolic nutrient alteration. Lipid metabolism alteration via hypoxia thought be a key factor in controlling fate function. However, the interaction between functional changes incompletely described. This study aimed identify hypoxia-inducible lipid enzymes that can regulate umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived human mesenchymal (hMSC) proliferation migration...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive impairment and memory loss. Amyloid β 1-42 (Aβ) hyper-phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau have considered as major histological features in AD. However, the mechanism how Aβ induces remains to clarify. In present study, we investigated underlying cellular mechanisms with regard cell cycle regulatory protein-mediated phosphorylation promoting neuronal death. The oligomer (5 μM) significantly...

This study investigates the potential antiobesity effects of Neptunea cumingii extract (NCE). Our findings illustrate that NCE effectively reduces lipid accumulation and triglyceride content, while simultaneously increasing free glycerol release. The reduction in induction lipolysis were evidenced by downregulation lipogenesis proteins, such as fatty acid synthase lipoprotein lipase, upregulation hormone‐sensitive lipase expression. Furthermore, adipogenic transcription factors, including...

Although oral delivery of therapeutic agents offers numerous benefits, its application is limited due to the digestive tract's harsh conditions (e.g., strong acidity and high osmolarity), which impair activity create challenges in achieving targeted release into intestine. Here, we present multicompartmental hydrogel microspheres equipped with a concentric oil layer significantly enhance drug efficiency for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These are created through utilization...

Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 (NHE3) is the major Na(+) transporter in intestine. Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase (SGK) 1 interacts with NHE regulatory factor 2 (NHERF2) mediates activation of NHE3 by dexamethasone (Dex) cultured epithelial cells. In this study, we compared short-term regulation Dex SGK1-null NHERF2-null mice. comparison to wild-type mice, loss SGK1 or NHERF2 significantly attenuated but did not completely obliterate effect. We show that transfection SGK2 SGK3 PS120 cells...

Maintenance of the epithelial barrier in intestinal tract is necessary to protect host from hostile luminal environment. Phospholipase C-β (PLC-β) has been implicated control myriad signaling cascades. However, biological effects selective PLC-β isozymes are poorly understood. We describe novel findings that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) regulates PLC-β1 and PLC-β2 via two distinct pathways enhance cell (IEC) proliferation migration facilitate wound closure recovery barrier. LPA acting on LPA1...

Dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein is a specific and sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis of dengue. In this study, an efficient electrochemical biosensor that uses chemically modified affinity peptides was developed detection dengue NS1. A series amino acid-substituted synthetic rationally designed, synthesized covalently immobilized to gold sensor surface. The performance monitored via square wave voltammetry (SWV) impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Potential NS1 were chosen...

Abstract VvhA, a virulent factor of Vibrio (V. ) vulnificus , induces acute cell death in destructive manner. Autophagy plays an important role death, but the functional VvhA autophagy-related has not been elucidated yet. We found that rVvhA significantly increased LC3 puncta formation and autophagic flux promoting human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. The induced by was independent lysosomal permeabilizaton caspase activation. rapid phosphorylation c-Src membrane lipid raft, which...

We investigated the hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects on male ICR mice of a glycoprotein isolated from Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) fruit. The administration RVS (100 mg/kg) for two weeks resulted in significant decrease such plasma lipid levels as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL). TC, TG LDL hyperlipidemic model were significantly increased, whereas high-density (HDL) level was considerably decreased. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA)...

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid mediator that mediates several effects promote cancer progress. The LPA receptor type 2 (LPA(2)) expression often elevated in types of cancers, including colorectal (CRC). In this study, we investigated the role LPA(2) development intestinal adenomas by comparing Apc(Min/+) mice with Apc(Min/+)/Lpar2(-/-) mice. There were 50% fewer than Smaller-size (<1 mm) found at higher frequencies compared two age groups examined. level correlated increased size...

Na(+) absorption is a vital process present in all living organisms. We have reported previously that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) acutely stimulates and fluid human intestinal epithelial cells mouse intestine by stimulation of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 (NHE3) via LPA(5) receptor. In the current study, we investigated mechanism NHE3 activation Caco-2bbe cells. LPA(5)-dependent was blocked mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059 U0126, but not phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase...