A5062838866- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Apelin-related biomedical research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Pain Management and Treatment
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
National Institutes of Health
2016-2025
National Institute of Mental Health
2016-2025
Bethesda University
2024
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2021
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
1997-2017
University of Liverpool
2003-2006
Walton Centre
2003
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
1998-1999
Rockefeller University
1991-1997
Yale University
1991
Abstract Knowing the rate of addition new granule cells to adult dentate gyrus is critical understanding function neurogenesis. Despite large number studies neurogenesis in gyrus, basic questions about magnitude this phenomenon have never been addressed. The S‐phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) has extensively used recent neurogenesis, but it carefully tested only embryonic brain. Here, we show that a high dose BrdU (300 mg/kg) specific, quantitative, and nontoxic dividing rat whereas...
The effects of afferent input and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation on neurogenesis were examined in an intact system, the rat dentate gyrus, where neurons are naturally born adult. In adult NMDA receptors rapidly decreased number cells synthesizing DNA, whereas blockade increased S phase identified with 3H- thymidine. Acute treatment antagonists birth overall density granule cell layer. Lesion entorhinal cortex, main excitatory population to neurons, also gyrus. These results...
The rat dentate gyrus is unusual among mammalian brain regions in that it shows cell birth well into adulthood. During development, regulated by adrenal steroids. However, presently unknown whether division the adult also mediated these same factors. In order to determine this case, we combined adrenalectomy, with or without corticosterone (CORT) replacement, and 3H-thymidine autoradiography, Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry for glial markers vimentin fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as...
Abstract New neurons continue to be generated in the dentate gyrus throughout adulthood. Previous studies have shown that a significant proportion of new granule cells labeled with thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) are lost from adult within 2 weeks. How long this loss continues and extent which it represents cell death, as opposed dilution label, is unclear. To address these questions, rats were injected BrdU, BrdU labeling was compared at several survival time points. Double...
The generation of neurons and glia in the developing nervous system is likely to be regulated by extrinsic factors, including growth factors neurotransmitters. Evidence from vivo and/or vitro systems indicates that basic fibroblast factor, transforming factor (TGF)-alpha, insulin-like factor-1, monoamine neurotransmitters act increase proliferation neural precursors. Conversely, glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, opioid peptides are play a role down-regulating system. Several other...
Ongoing neurogenesis in the adult mammalian dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb is generally accepted, but its existence other brain regions highly controversial. We labeled newly born cells rats with S-phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) used neuronal markers to characterize new at different time points after cell division. In neocortex striatum, we found BrdU-labeled that expressed each of eight markers. Their size as well staining for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic decarboxylase...
Neurons are born throughout adulthood in the hippocampus and show enhanced plasticity compared with mature neurons. However, there conflicting reports on whether or not young neurons contribute to performance behavioral tasks, is no clear relationship between timing of maturation duration neurogenesis reduction studies showing deficits. We asked these discrepancies could reflect differences properties mice rats. report that adult rats a neuronal marker profile activity-induced immediate...
The immune system has evolved in the face of microbial exposure. How maternal infection experienced at distinct developmental stages shapes offspring remains poorly understood. Here, we show that during pregnancy, maternally restricted can have permanent and tissue-specific impacts on immunity. Mechanistically, interleukin-6 produced response to directly impose epigenetic changes fetal intestinal epithelial stem cells, leading long-lasting homeostasis. As a result, previously infected dams...
Abstract Repeated daily restraint stress and corticosterone administration to adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats leads decreases in the number of branch points length dendrites CA3 pyramidal neurons hippocampal formation. This decrease is prevented by antiepileptic drug phenytoin (Dilantin), which known interfere with excitatory amino acid release actions. Phenytoin had no obvious effect on behavior during after failed prevent stress‐induced reduction body weight gain increases adrenal relative...
Abstract Excitatory input regulates cell birth and survival in many systems. The granule population of the rat dentate gyrus is formed primarily during postnatal period. afferents enter begin to form synapses with cells first week, time maximal death. In order determine whether excitatory plays a role regulation developing layers their germinal regions, subependymal layer hilus, we treated pups N‐methyl D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists MK‐801, CGP 37849, or 43487 week examined numbers...
Abstract Hippocampal function varies in a subregion‐specific fashion: spatial processing is thought to rely on the dorsal hippocampus, whereas anxiety‐related behavior relies more ventral hippocampus. During development, neurogenesis dentate gyrus (DG) proceeds along as well suprapyramidal infrapyramidal gradients, but it unclear whether regional differences are maintained adulthood. Moreover, unknown young neurons adult exhibit patterns of activation. We therefore examined magnitude and...