A5049319105- Gut microbiota and health
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
National Institutes of Health
2021-2025
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2019-2024
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
2023-2024
Cornell University
2023
Weill Cornell Medicine
2023
Princeton University
2023
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
2019-2022
The University of Texas at Austin
2011-2017
Washington University in St. Louis
2010
The immune system has evolved in the face of microbial exposure. How maternal infection experienced at distinct developmental stages shapes offspring remains poorly understood. Here, we show that during pregnancy, maternally restricted can have permanent and tissue-specific impacts on immunity. Mechanistically, interleukin-6 produced response to directly impose epigenetic changes fetal intestinal epithelial stem cells, leading long-lasting homeostasis. As a result, previously infected dams...
Abstract Nutrition has broad impacts on all physiological processes. However, how nutrition affects human immunity remains largely unknown. Here we explored the impact of a dietary intervention both and microbiota by performing post hoc analysis clinical trial in which each 20 participants sequentially consumed vegan or ketogenic diets for 2 weeks ( NCT03878108 ). Using multiomics approach including multidimensional flow cytometry, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic metagenomic datasets,...
Significance Polymicrobial synergy occurs when infections caused by more than one species are severe the sum of individual acting alone. Here, we show that a bacterial fight-and-flight response to an antimicrobial, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ), is required for pathogen display with commensal bacterium in vivo. H generated commensal, and response, either enzymatically destroys (fights) antimicrobial or disperses away (takes flight) from antimicrobial-producing commensal. Remarkably, both...
Skin microbes can promote skin immunity, repair, and antimicrobial defense
Bacteria rarely inhabit infection sites alone, instead residing in diverse, multispecies communities. Despite this fact, bacterial pathogenesis studies primarily focus on monoculture infections, overlooking how community interactions influence the course of disease. In study, we used global mutant fitness profiling (transposon sequencing [Tn-seq]) to determine genetic requirements for pathogenic bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cause disease when coinfecting with commensal...
Abstract Hydrogen sulfide is a gaseous, reactive molecule specifically enriched in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we uncover non-redundant role for control of both microbial and immune homeostasis gut. Notably, depletion via pharmaceutical dietary interventions led to profound collapse CD4 T cells ileum small intestine lamina propria significant impact on ecology. As result, mice with reduced within gut were deficient their ability mount cell dependent antibody responses oral vaccine....
Recent evidence suggests that the genes an organism needs to survive in environment drastically differ when alone or a community. However, it is not known if there are universal functions enable microbes persist community and specific interactions between native same (sympatric) different (allopatric) environments. Here, we ask how essential of oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans change during pairwise coinfection murine abscess with each 15 commonly found cavity 10 not. A....
Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial pathogenesis, but in the host, iron tightly sequestered, limiting its availability growth. Although this important arm of host immunity, most studies examine how bacteria respond to restriction laboratory rather than settings, where microbiome can potentially alter pathogen strategies acquiring iron. One transcriptional regulators controlling homeostasis Fur. Here we used a combination RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq...
The human intestinal microbiome is a complex community that contributes to host health and disease. In addition normal microbiota, pathogens like carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae may be asymptomatically present. When these bacteria are present at very low levels, they often undetectable in hospital surveillance cultures, known as occult or subclinical colonization. Through the receipt of antibiotics, can increase sufficiently high levels become detectable, process called outgrowth....
Periodontitis is a microbial infection that destroys the structures support teeth. Although it typically chronic condition, rapidly progressing, aggressive forms are associated with oral pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans One of this bacterium's key virulence traits its ability to attach surfaces and form robust biofilms resist killing by host antibiotics. Though much has been learned about A. since initial discovery, we lack insight into fundamental aspect basic biology, as do...
Variations in the composition of intestinal bacterial microbiome correlate with acquisition some sexually transmitted pathogens. To experimentally assess contribution dysbiosis to rectal lentiviral acquisition, we induce rhesus macaques (RMs) antibiotic vancomycin prior repeated low-dose intrarectal challenge simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVmac239X. Vancomycin administration reduces T helper 17 (TH17) and TH22 frequencies, increases expression host sensors antibacterial peptides,...
Mild or transient dietary restriction (DR) improves many aspects of health and aging. Emerging evidence from us others has demonstrated that DR also optimizes the development quality immune responses. However, factors mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Here, we propose DR-induced optimization immunological memory requires a complex cascade events involving T cells, intestinal microbiota, myeloid cells. Our findings suggest enhances ability cells recruit activate in context...
The microbiota performs multiple functions vital to host fitness, including defense against pathogens and adaptation dietary changes. Yet, how environmental challenges shape resilience nutrient fluctuation remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that transient gut infection can optimize metabolism toward the usage of carbohydrates. Following acute clearance pathogen, mice gained more weight as a result white adipose tissue expansion. Concomitantly, previously infected exhibited enhanced...
It is inherently difficult to quantitate nucleic acid analytes with most isothermal amplification assays. We developed loop-mediated (LAMP) reactions in which competition between defined numbers of "false" and "true" amplicons leads order magnitude quantitation by a single endpoint determination. These thresholded LAMP were successfully used directly quantitatively estimate the acids complex biospecimens, including from cells sewage, values obtained closely correlating qPCR quantitations....
The microbiota shields the host against infections in a process known as colonization resistance. How themselves shape this fundamental remains largely unknown. Here, we show that gut from previously infected hosts display enhanced resistance to infections. This long-term functional remodeling is associated with altered bile acid metabolism leading expansion of taxa utilize sulfonic taurine. Notably, supplying exogenous taurine alone sufficient induce alteration function and enhance...