A5044552413- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Blood disorders and treatments
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research
- Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Vasculitis and related conditions
- Immune Response and Inflammation
University of Freiburg
2016-2025
University Medical Center Freiburg
2016-2025
Institute of Virology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2009-2024
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene
1997-2023
Heidelberg University
1994-2021
Universität Ulm
1987-2021
German Cancer Research Center
1997-2021
University Hospital Heidelberg
2021
University Children's Hospital Tübingen
2021
Hochschule Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences
2018
Virally encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been discovered in herpesviruses. However, their biological roles are mostly unknown. We developed an algorithm for the prediction of miRNA targets and applied it to human cytomegalovirus miRNAs, resulting identification major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B (MICB) gene as a top candidate target hcmv-miR-UL112. MICB is stress-induced ligand natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NKG2D critical NK killing virus-infected...
Dissecting HCMV Gene Expression Most of us are infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), but severe disease is almost always limited to immunocompromised individuals or newborn infants. The virus has a relatively large (∼240 kb) DNA genome and shows complex pattern gene transcription, hinting at regulatory coding capacity. Stern-Ginossar et al. (p. 1088 ) mapped ribosome positions on transcripts during the course viral infection fibroblast cells. data suggest presence novel open reading...
Abstract CD8+ T lymphocytes play an important role in the control of intracellular pathogens during both acute and persistent infections. This is particularly true case herpesviruses such as human CMV, which are typified by large virus-specific cell populations viral latency. To understand origin these factors shaping them over time, we investigated response after murine CMV (MCMV) infection. The kinetics were characterized rapid expansion activated cells, followed a contraction phase....
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strain TB40/E, replicates efficiently, exhibits a broad cell tropism and is widely used for infection of endothelial cells monocyte-derived yet has not been available in phenotypically homogeneous form compatible with genetic analysis. To overcome this problem, we cloned the TB40/E into bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vector. Both highly endotheliotropic poorly virus clones, representing three distinct restriction fragment patterns, were reconstituted after...
We identified a novel human polyomavirus from kidney transplant patient under immunosuppressive treatment, by use of generic PCR. The genome the virus was completely amplified and sequenced. In phylogenetic analyses, it appeared as closest relative to African green monkey-derived lymphotropic (LPV). Further investigation clinical samples immunocompromised patients with specific nested PCR revealed additional positive samples, indicating that naturally infects humans. tentatively named 9...
RNA vaccines are efficient preventive measures to combat the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. High levels of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibodies an important component vaccine-induced immunity. Shortly after initial two mRNA vaccine doses, immunoglobulin G (IgG) response mainly consists proinflammatory subclasses IgG1 and IgG3. Here, we report that several months second vaccination, SARS-CoV-2–specific were increasingly composed noninflammatory IgG4,...
The acid sphingomyelinase/ceramide system plays an important role in bacterial and viral infections. Here, we report that either pharmacological inhibition of sphingomyelinase with amitriptyline, imipramine, fluoxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, or maprotiline genetic downregulation the enzyme prevents infection cultured cells freshy isolated human nasal epithelial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudoviral particles (pp-VSV)...
<h3>Importance</h3> School and daycare closures were enforced as measures to confine the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, based on assumption that young children may play a key role in severe acute respiratory 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread. Given grave consequences of contact restrictions for children, better understanding their contribution COVID-19 pandemic is great importance. <h3>Objective</h3> To describe rate SARS-CoV-2 infections seroprevalence antibodies aged 1 10 years,...
Reactivation from latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is often associated with conditions of immunosuppression and can result in fatal disease. Whether the maintenance systemic CMV latency mainly governed by factors infected cell or immune control functions unknown. Likewise, putative mechanisms which could prevent induction spread recurrent are not clearly identified. We took advantage latently B cell-deficient mice a sensitive method for virus detection to study reactivation after...
The proteasome is a 700-kD multisubunit enzyme complex with several proteolytically active sites. involved in both ubiquitin-dependent and -independent protein degradation may contribute to the processing of antigens presented by major histocompatibility (MHC) class I molecules. Here we demonstrate that treatment mouse fibroblast cells 20 U interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) for 3 d induces change subunit composition beta-type LMP2, which encoded MHC II region, incorporated into complex. This...
Abstract Human CMV has evolved multiple strategies to interfere with immune recognition of the host. A variety mechanisms target Ag presentation by MHC class I molecules resulting in a reduced cell-surface expression. This down-regulation is expected trigger NK cytotoxicity, which would have be counteracted virus establish long-term infection. Here we describe that human open reading frame UL40 encodes canonical ligand for HLA-E, identical HLA-Cw03 signal sequence-derived peptide. Expression...
We performed a case-control study to investigate the role of recent infection as stroke risk factor and identify pathogenetic pathways linking stroke. examined 166 consecutive patients with acute cerebrovascular ischemia hospitalized for nonvascular noninflammatory neurologic diseases. Control subjects were individually matched sex, age, season admission. assessed special biochemical parameters in subgroups without (n = 21) who similar respect demographic clinical parameters. Infection...
Selective expression of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) immediate-early (IE) genes leads to the presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule Ld a peptide derived from MCMV IE protein pp89 (Reddehase, M.J., J. B. Rothbard, and U.H. Koszinowski. 1989. Nature (Lond.). 337:651). Characterization endogenous antigenic peptides identified as nonapeptide 168YPHFMPTNL176 (del Val, M., H.-J. Schlicht, T. Ruppert, M.J. Reddehase, 1991. Cell. 66:1145). Subsequent early prevents...
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the most common cause of congenital viral infections and a major source morbidity mortality after organ transplantation. NK cells are pivotal effector in innate defense against CMV. Recently, hallmarks adaptive responses, such as memory-like features, have been recognized cells. HCMV elicits expansion an cell subset carrying activating receptor heterodimer, comprising CD94 NKG2C (CD94/NKG2C), response that resembles clonal immune Here, we determined...
In Europe, congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading cause of neurological disabilities in children, causing severe sequelae such as sensorineural hearing loss, neurodevelopmental delay or blindness. The causes high disease burden and costs. Nevertheless, there little awareness CMV among medical officials general public.