A5062471998- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Climate variability and models
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Marine and fisheries research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geological formations and processes
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Marine and environmental studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Water-Energy-Food Nexus Studies
Bedford Institute of Oceanography
2013-2025
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
2013-2025
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2023
South African Weather Service
2023
University of Washington
2023
University of Toronto
1989-1995
An array of overturning data The Atlantic meridional circulation (AMOC) has a strong influence on climate, so it is important to understand how global warming may affect it. Lozier et al. report initial results from the Overturning in Subpolar North Program (OSNAP) (see Perspective by Rhein). OSNAP been measuring flux water transported high latitudes Atlantic. measurements reveal variability transport region and show that deep formation Labrador Sea not, as previously believed, be major...
The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a global array of about 4000 profiling floats. provides continuous observations ocean temperature salinity versus pressure, from the sea surface to 2000 dbar. successful installation its innovative data management system arose opportunistically combination great scientific need technological innovation. Through system, fundamental physical with broad societally-valuable applications, built on cost-efficient robust...
In the past two decades, Argo Program has collected, processed and distributed over million vertical profiles of temperature salinity from upper kilometers global ocean. A similar number subsurface velocity observations near 1000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts history Program, its aspiration arising out World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to development implementation instrumentation telecommunication systems, various technical problems encountered. We describe data...
Abstract For decades oceanographers have understood the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) to be primarily driven by changes in production of deep-water formation subpolar and subarctic North Atlantic. Indeed, current Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections an AMOC slowdown twenty-first century based climate models are attributed inhibition deep convection However, observational evidence for this linkage has been elusive: there no clear demonstration...
Abstract The Ross Sea sustains a rich ecosystem and is the most productive sector of Southern Ocean. Most this production occurs within polynya during November–February period, when availability dissolved iron (dFe) thought to exert major control on phytoplankton growth. Here we combine new data distribution dFe, high‐resolution model simulations ice melt regional circulation, satellite‐based estimates primary quantify supply demand over continental shelf. Our analysis suggests that largest...
Climate change impacts on fisheries will undoubtedly have socio-economic coastal communities and the seafood market. However, it is a challenge to integrate climate information in form that can be used efficiently by adaptation planners, policy makers fishery managers. In this study, we frame impact assessment using geographical perspective based management units of dominant fishery, case, American lobster Nova Scotia, Canada. The considered here includes economic dependence population size,...
Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and underwater gliders were simultaneously deployed as part of the Ocean Tracking Network to continuously monitor Halifax Line (HL) Nova Scotia (NSC) between 2008 2014. The HL transects Scotian Shelf, which connects dynamically important areas, such Grand Banks, Gulf Maine, St. Lawrence (GSL). oceanographic measurements made at during this period provide a unique opportunity study temperature, salinity, alongshore current conditions variability both...
Abstract Estimates of vertical land motion (VLM) from an updated Canadian crustal velocity model (NAD83v70VG) are used to evaluate the budget contributions trends relative sea level (RSL) at tide gauge sites along east and west coasts Canada northern USA during 1958–2015. The RSL result a combination processes sterodynamics (SD), glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), changes in earth Gravity, Rotation, viscoelastic solid Deformation (GRD). For these contributions, we data recent study on...
A 1/12° North Atlantic model is used to investigate the Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) variability from 1990 2015. The seasonality of AMOC in depth and density spaces dominated by Ekman transport low high latitudes. At interannual timescales, has different characteristics, mostly latitudes, which attributed strong doming isopycnals. An Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis space demonstrates that can be decomposed into two portions – one associated with Labrador Sea winter...
Abstract Subsurface temperatures in the Slope Water region of Northwest Atlantic from Argo profiling floats and on adjacent continental shelf ship‐based measurements are compared with latitudinal position Shelf‐Slope Front (SSF) Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW). The temperature anomalies at 200 m depth agreement for period, 2002–2015. For period 1978–2015, significantly correlated SSF position, to a lesser extent GSNW position. Annual near Grand Banks 50°W–55°W lead west 65°W–75°W by 1–2 years....
Abstract The behavior of the Labrador Current during period from 1990 to 2007 is investigated with an eddy‐resolving circulation model for North Atlantic Ocean. An EOF analysis output suggests that variability in can be partitioned into a western (WLC; 300–2500 m isobaths), and eastern (ELC; 2500 3300 isobaths). results demonstrate WLC transport experienced abrupt increase 2000–2002, consistent data. This differed significantly ELC which was strong high winter NAO (North Oscillation) years...
Biogeochemical- (BGC-) Argo aims to deploy and maintain a global array of autonomous profiling floats monitor ocean biogeochemistry. With over 250,000 profiles collected so far, the BGC-Argo network is rapidly expanding toward target sustained fleet 1,000 floats. These prioritize measurement six key properties: oxygen, nitrate, pH, chlorophyll-a, suspended particles, downwelling light. To assess current biogeochemical state ocean, its variability, trends with confidence, it crucial quality...
During the Coastal Mixing and Optics Experiment in 1996 1997, an integrated dye microstructure experiment was done to measure compare mixing rates on continental shelf. The results of are presented companion paper by Ledwell et al. [2004] . In this paper, we explore from measurements using a vertical profiling instrument. We temperature velocity and, along with simultaneous salinity as well shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), able estimate diffusivities heat, mass, momentum....
Abstract Evidence is presented that lateral dispersion on scales of 1–10 km in the stratified waters continental shelf may be significantly enhanced by stirring small-scale geostrophic motions caused patches mixed fluid adjusting aftermath diapycnal mixing events. Dye-release experiments conducted during recent Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) experiment provide estimates dispersion. Microstructure observations made these showed patchy turbulence vertical m horizontal a few hundred meters to...
Some recent measurements of the mixed layer in oceans and lakes have indicated that rate dissipation turbulent kinetic energy, ε, is much higher than expected from a purely shear-driven wall layer. This enhancement has usually been attributed to wave breaking. In this study, open-ocean on continental shelf off Nova Scotia are integrated with air–sea flux estimates directional spectra further study issue. A microstructure profiler gliding quasi-horizontally provides ε starting within 2 m...
The spring bloom on the Scotian Shelf is examined using a mooring array deployed from 18 March 2002 to April provide physical, chemical, and biological measurements with high temporal vertical resolution. These are complemented by Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program (AZMP) biweekly occupations of station near site (HL2). Results AZMP sampling Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor (SeaWiFS) ocean color imagery in early show that coastal upwelling played an important role initiation coast. This...
The development of seismic oceanography requires direct comparison data to high‐resolution oceanographic measurements over long horizontal scales. Here, we compare multichannel (MCS) reflection images 300 km spatially‐coincident, (<1 km) expendable bathythermograph (XBT) surveys that were collected near a frontal region the Gulf Stream. Fronts, eddies, tendrils, and interleaving among features identified in both sets. In some cases, identification would be difficult if only hydrographic...
[1] Tidal oscillations dominate the flow field in many submarine canyons. Observations have shown that semidiurnal tidal energy canyons is significantly amplified with respect to adjacent shelves. This amplification thought be caused by focusing of propagating internal tides incident from open ocean, or local in-canyon generation on critical canyon floor slopes. These mechanisms require freely tides, superinertial frequencies. We present results a moored array at 44°N, where observed...