A5040639973- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Climate variability and models
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine and environmental studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Environmental Monitoring and Data Management
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Aquatic and Environmental Studies
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Team Dynamics and Performance
- Geological formations and processes
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Career Development and Diversity
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2017-2025
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2018-2022
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
2021
Columbia University
2021
University of California, San Diego
2018-2021
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2017-2019
Harvard University
2019
Planetary Science Institute
2019
University of California, Berkeley
2017
An array of overturning data The Atlantic meridional circulation (AMOC) has a strong influence on climate, so it is important to understand how global warming may affect it. Lozier et al. report initial results from the Overturning in Subpolar North Program (OSNAP) (see Perspective by Rhein). OSNAP been measuring flux water transported high latitudes Atlantic. measurements reveal variability transport region and show that deep formation Labrador Sea not, as previously believed, be major...
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) extends from the Southern Ocean to northern North Atlantic, transporting heat northwards throughout South and sinking carbon nutrients into deep ocean. Climate models indicate that changes AMOC both herald drive climate shifts. Intensive trans-basin observational systems have been put in place continuously monitor meridional volume transport variability, some cases, heat, freshwater transport. These programs used diagnose magnitude...
Abstract Changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, which have potential to drive societally-important climate impacts, traditionally been linked strength of deep water formation subpolar North Atlantic. Yet there is neither clear observational evidence nor agreement among models about how changes influence overturning. Here, we use data from a trans-basin mooring array (OSNAP—Overturning Subpolar Program) show that winter convection during 2014–2018 interior basin had...
Abstract The Subpolar North Atlantic is prone to recurrent extreme freshening events called Great Salinity Anomalies (GSAs). Here, we combine hydrographic ocean analyses and moored observations document the arrival, spreading, impacts of most recent GSA in Irminger Sea. This associated with a rapid upper Sea between 2015 2020, culminating annually averaged salinities as low freshest years 1990s possibly since 1960. Upon propagation into over Reykjanes Ridge, boundary currents rapidly...
Abstract The standard view of the overturning circulation emphasizes role convection, yet for waters to contribute overturning, they must not only be transformed higher densities but also exported equatorward. From novel mooring observations in Irminger Sea (2014–2016), we describe two water masses that are formed by convection and show have different rates export western boundary current. Upper Intermediate Water appears form near current is rapidly within 3 months its formation. Deep forms...
Abstract A moored array spanning the continental slope southeast of Cape Cod sampled equatorward‐flowing Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) for a 10 year period: May 2004 to 2014. Daily profiles subinertial velocity, temperature, salinity, and neutral density are constructed each mooring site cross‐line DWBC transport time series derived specified water mass layers. Time‐averaged transports based on daily estimates flow fields in Stream coordinates contrasted with those from Eulerian‐mean...
Abstract The initial 2 years of Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program mooring data (2014–2016) provide first glimpse into seasonality freshwater complete East Greenland Current system. Using a set eight moorings southeast at 60 ∘ N, we find two distinct, persistent velocity cores on shelf and slope. These are Coastal Current, which carries cold, fresh water from Arctic along shelf, Greenland/Irminger over slope, is combination waters warm, salty origin. Together, these currents...
Abstract Observations of the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at Line W on western North Atlantic continental slope southeast Cape Cod from 1995 to 2014 reveal water mass changes that are consistent with in source properties upstream Labrador Sea. This is most evident cold, dense, and deep class Sea Water (dLSW) was created progressively replenished deepened by recurring winter convection during severe winters 1987–1994. The arrival this record fresh, low potential vorticity anomaly lags...
Abstract The structure, transport, and seasonal variability of the West Greenland boundary current system near Cape Farewell are investigated using a high-resolution mooring array deployed from 2014 to 2018. is comprised three components: Coastal Current, which advects cold fresh Upper Polar Water (UPW); transports warm salty Irminger (IW) along upper slope UPW at surface; Deep Western Boundary dense overflow waters. Labrador Sea (LSW) prevalent seaward side within an offshore recirculation...
Continuous measurements from the OSNAP (Overturning in Subpolar North Atlantic Program) array yield first estimates of trans-basin heat and salinity transports subpolar latitudes. For period August 2014 to May 2018, there is a poleward transport 0.50 ± 0.05 PW 12.5 1.0 Sv across section. Based on mass salt budget analyses, we estimate that surface freshwater input 0.36 over broad subpolar-Arctic region needed balance ocean change created by transports. The overturning circulation largely...
Abstract Transformation of light to dense waters by atmospheric cooling is key the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in Subpolar Gyre. Convection center Irminger Gyre contributes formation densest east Greenland. We present a 19‐year (2002–2020) weekly time series hydrography and convection central Sea based on (bi‐)daily mooring profiles supplemented with Argo profiles. A 70‐year annual shipboard shows that this period representative longer‐term variability. The depth varies...
Abstract The freshwater content of the Arctic Ocean has increased dramatically in last two decades, particularly Beaufort Gyre. However, quantifying sources this change is an observational challenge and historically been limited by methodological differences across studies. Here we derive observation‐based budgets from volume mass for Gyre 2003 to 2020. Our include all sinks (river runoff, precipitation minus evaporation, land ice melt, sea export, ocean fluxes) as well storage terms...
The subpolar North Atlantic is a known hotspot for anthropogenic carbon and oxygen uptake, however the detailed pathways dissolved gasses into deep remain poorly understood. While it clear that high-oxygen waters formed by convection in basin interiors are exported southward boundary currents, has also been hypothesized significant water mass transformation associated gas exchange occurs near or within currents themselves. Here we present novel year-round observations mounted on Overturning...
Formed by deep convection in the Nordic Seas, cold, oxygen-rich Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) is densest water mass lower limb of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). As DSOW spreads southward from into Irminger Sea, overflow entrains ambient masses. This entrainment critical for transfer climate signals and biogeochemical tracers surface to ocean. Although impact on properties immediate vicinity (< 100 km downstream sill) has been studied extensively, dynamics...
A conversation on building safe spaces for the LGBTQ+ community in geosciences Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+) scientists are an invisible minority that still faces harassment discrimination.Fostering safe, designated environments is a way to connect with each other raise awareness.
Abstract Fresh Arctic waters flowing into the Atlantic are thought to have two primary fates. They may be mixed deep ocean as part of overturning circulation, or flow alongside regions water formation without impacting overturning. Climate models suggest that increasing amounts freshwater enter Atlantic, circulation will disrupted, yet we lack an understanding how much is circulation’s limb in present day. To constrain these pathways, build steady-state volume, salt, and heat budgets east...
Abstract. The overturning streamfunction as measured at the OSNAP (Overturning in Subpolar North Atlantic Program) mooring array represents transformation of warm, salty Water into cold, fresh Deep (NADW). magnitude can therefore be linked to by air–sea buoyancy fluxes and mixing region north array. Here, we estimate these water mass transformations using observational-based, reanalysis-based model-based datasets. Our results highlight that alone cannot account for time-mean OSNAP, a...
Abstract From 2004 to 2014, the Line W moorings measured a 0.7 Sv yr −1 slowing of deep western boundary current (DWBC) offshore Cape Cod. Here, we combine these mooring observations with float and satellite altimeter data find that this DWBC change corresponded cross‐basin Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) about 0.3 . Our AMOC transport time series corresponds well Estimating Climate Ocean state estimate, particularly when influences our volume closure. We compare 35°N...
Abstract The Deep Western Boundary Current in the subpolar North Atlantic is lower limb of Meridional Overturning Circulation and a key component global climate system. Here, mooring array deployed at 60°N Irminger Sea, between 2014 2016, provides longest continuous record total volume transport this latitude. 1.8‐year averaged water denser than σ θ = 27.8 kg/m 3 was −10.8 ± 4.9 Sv (mean 1 std; 10 6 m /s). Of total, we find −4.1 1.4 within densest layer ( > 27.88 ) that originated from...
Abstract To ground truth the large-scale dynamical balance of North Atlantic subtropical gyre with observations, a barotropic vorticity budget is constructed in ECCO state estimate and compared hydrographic observations wind stress data products. The dataset at center this work A22 WOCE section, which lies along 66°W creates closed volume South American coasts to its west. planetary flux across quantified, providing metric for net meridional flow western gyre. forcing over west east section...
Abstract The Arctic Ocean's Canada Basin (CB) has seen significant changes in ocean properties the past two decades. A prominent change been a warming of Pacific Summer Water (PSW) layer central CB. corresponding dissolved oxygen (O 2 ) is analyzed here to provide additional insight into PSW physics and biology, pathways, evolution. O observations are between 2003 2021 from Joint Ocean Ice Study/Beaufort Gyre Observing System (JOIS/BGOS) field program, which samples CB hydrographic...
Abstract The subpolar North Atlantic is a site of significant carbon dioxide, oxygen, and heat exchange with the atmosphere. This exchange, which regulates transient climate change prevents large‐scale hypoxia throughout Atlantic, thought to be mediated by vertical mixing in ocean's surface mixed layer. Here we present observational evidence that waters deeper than conventionally defined layer are affected directly atmospheric forcing this region. When northerly winds blow along Irminger...
Abstract The Greenland Ice Sheet is losing mass at an accelerating pace, increasing its contribution to the freshwater input into Nordic Seas and subpolar North Atlantic. It has been proposed that this increased may impact Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation by affecting stratification of convective regions Seas. Observations transformation pathways meltwater from on continental shelf in gyre interior, however, are lacking. Here, we report noble gas derived observations submarine...
Abstract The boundary current system in the Labrador Sea plays an integral role modulating convection interior basin. Four years of mooring data from eastern reveal persistent mesoscale variability West Greenland current. Between 2014 and 2018, 197 mid-depth intensified cyclones were identified that passed array near 2000 m isobath. In this study, we quantify these features show they are downstream manifestation Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) cyclones. A composite cyclone is...