A5045023443- Blood donation and transfusion practices
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Malaria Research and Control
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
- Blood transfusion and management
Australian Red Cross Lifeblood
2014-2024
American Red Cross
2023
The University of Western Australia
2017
Abstract Background and Objectives Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), in blood services context, is used for the detection of viral parasite nucleic acids to reduce transfusion‐transmitted infections. This project reviewed NAT screening donations globally. Materials Methods A survey on usage, developed by International Society Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion‐transmitted Infectious Diseases (ISBT WP‐TTID), was distributed through ISBT WP‐TTID members. Data were analysed...
Abstract Background and Objectives Most of the 233 worldwide cases variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) have been reported in United Kingdom 3 associated with transfusion‐transmission. To mitigate potential vCJD risk to blood safety, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood imposes restrictions on donation from people prior residency in, or extended travel to, during period 1980–1996. We modified a previously published methodology estimate transfusion‐transmission fresh component transfusion...
Background and Objectives Universal testing of blood donations for human T‐cell lymphotropic virus ( HTLV ) in Australia may no longer be appropriate given the low prevalence infection mitigating effect universal leucodepletion cellular components. This study aimed to determine most strategy using Risk‐Based Decision‐Making Framework Blood Safety. Materials Methods The risk transfusion–transmission three strategies (universal, new‐donor testing) cost‐effectiveness first two were assessed...
Background and Objectives Donor syphilis testing began in the 1940s amidst widespread transfusion‐transmitted ( TTS ). Since then, introduction of penicillin, pre‐donation screening questionnaires improved storage conditions have contributed to reducing transmission risk. Consequently, universal may no longer be cost‐effective. This study analysed alternative options for donor determine optimal strategy. Materials Methods A model was developed using conservative parameter estimates factors...
Until 25 July 2022, people who spent more than 6 months in the United Kingdom during variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) risk period 1980-1996 (UK donors) were deferred from blood donation Australia. Regulatory approval to remove deferral was underpinned by published mathematical modelling predicting negligible vCJD transmission increase with a gain of 58,000 donations.The donor questionnaire retained UK screening question until version update effective 12 February 2023, which enabled...
Abstract Background and Objectives Nucleic acid‐amplification testing (NAT) is used for screening blood donations/donors blood‐borne viruses. We reviewed global viral NAT characteristics NAT‐yield confirmatory by operators. Materials Methods during 2019 was surveyed internationally the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion‐Transmitted Infectious Diseases. Reported are presented herein. Results mainly performed under government mandate. Human immunodeficiency...
To be eligible to donate blood, potential donors must meet certain eligibility criteria ensure safety the donor and blood supply. In Australia, there is no reliable estimate of size donor-eligible population. This study uses a refinement published method determine population prevalence donor-exclusion factors subsequently estimates pool in Australia.A total 70 (in addition age) were identified. The was estimated by subtracting exclusion from Prevalence adjusted for age, deferral period,...
Transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection (TTBI) is the leading cause of transfusion-transmitted infections. Platelet components are more likely to be associated with contamination due their storage requirements. Australian Red Cross Lifeblood introduced screening (BCS) all platelet in 2008. The process was recently updated use BACT/ALERT® VIRTUO®, a large-volume delayed sampling (LVDS) protocol and extending shelf-life seven days. This article describes results from routine BCS Australia....
Repeat donors in Australia will shortly cease to be tested for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), removing the ability measure repeat donor incidence. A risk threshold was investigated based on previous modelling and a conservative ratio between prevalent incident infections. It estimated that 26 infections per 100 000 new-donor donations would associated with an incidence approaching tolerable if sustained over several years. We propose trigger formal assessment at this point, believe...
BACKGROUND Three probable cases of transfusion‐transmitted (TT) parvovirus B19 (B19V) occurred in Australia between 2014 and 2017. This study aimed to determine the B19V DNA prevalence among blood donors, model risk recipients fresh components, assess management options. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Plasma samples from 4232 donors were tested for by polymerase chain reaction. Reactive confirmed viral load determined. A transmission‐risk was used estimate recipient risk, community exposure...
Background: Blood donor history questionnaires are used world-wide to detect blood supply and safety risks. Donors less likely return donate following deferral, therefore removing questions with limited impact on would improve satisfaction donation rates. Early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can manifest as acute retroviral syndrome (ARS). This study aimed evaluate the of questioning deferring donors for self-reported symptoms ARS Australian transfusion safety. Methods: A...
Abstract Background and Objectives Tattooing is one of the leading donor deferral reasons in Australia. Until September 2020, donors were deferred from all donation types for 4 months after a tattoo. At this time, our guideline changed such that donations plasma further manufacture accepted immediately, provided tattoo was administered licensed or regulated Australian establishment. We examined effects change. Materials Methods Donors with 2 years before change identified followed up until 3...
Using sequential immunoassays for the screening of blood donors is well described viral serology testing but not syphilis. In this study, we report evaluation results and 2-year data using two highly sensitive automated assays, Alinity s Syphilis chemiluminescent immunoassay screening, with all repeatedly reactive samples then tested on Elecsys electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. We screened 1,767,782 donor between 7 July 2021 6 2023 found false-positive rate to be low at 0.08%...
Background and objective The significance of anti‐ HCV immunoblot ( IB ) indeterminate results can be difficult to determine. We analysed for blood donors tested on the MP Diagnostics Blot 3.0 assay determine whether representing past exposure could distinguished from those due non‐specific reactivity. Materials Methods Results all by during study period (July 2010 December 2013) were included in this study. Of 131 , 34 (26.0%) negative, 38 (29.0%) indeterminate, 59 (45.0%) positive. There...
Ongoing surveillance for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases is essential to assess their impact on blood breastmilk safety Before 2022, human mpox (formerly monkeypox) was rarely reported outside Africa,1 but in May an outbreak of historically non-endemic countries. As the increased, World Health Organization declared it a Public Emergency International Concern 23 July 2022.2 Between 1 January 2022 12 February 2023, 85 765 laboratory-confirmed cases 93 deaths had been WHO from 110...
BACKGROUND Foodborne hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreaks are becoming more common in high‐income countries with low HAV incidence, and the associated blood safety risk may not be adequately mitigated by routine mitigation strategies. This study describes rapid modeling undertaken response to a 2018 outbreak Australia imported frozen pomegranate arils. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The input parameters used were outbreak‐associated duration of viremia, population seroprevalence, rate symptomatic...
The authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest.
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In February 2022 a novel outbreak of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was detected in south-eastern states Australia with total 38 human cases and multiple pig cases. JEV is known to be transfusion transmissible. A blood safety risk assessment demonstrated negligible the case TT estimated 1 4.3 million due (Hoad et al, Viruses 2022). keeping rapid decline mosquito prevalence, terminated Australian autumn but trepidation potential scale next summer 2022–2023 remained La Niña conditions....