A5102739434- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Ear Surgery and Otitis Media
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Statistical Methods and Inference
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Glutathione Transferases and Polymorphisms
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Ear and Head Tumors
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia Research
- Optimal Experimental Design Methods
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
- Tea Polyphenols and Effects
- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Management of metastatic bone disease
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology
2025
University of Minnesota
2012-2022
Masonic Cancer Center
2000-2017
Office of the Director
2017
National Institutes of Health
2017
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
2017
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
2017
American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology
2017
Women’s Health Care
2017
Twin Cities Orthopedics
1986-2016
The Food and Drug Administration can set standards that reduce the nicotine content of cigarettes. We conducted a double-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial between June 2013 July 2014 at 10 sites. Eligibility criteria included an age 18 years or older, smoking five more cigarettes per day, no current interest in quitting smoking. Participants were randomly assigned to smoke for 6 weeks either their usual brand one six types investigational cigarettes, provided free. had ranging from...
Additional evidence is presented to support the hypothesis that both acute purulent otitis media (POM) and chronic suppurative (COM) can cause high frequency sensorineural hearing loss. In selected patients in animals (chinchillas) a pilot study using electrophysiological methods, temporary threshold shifts permanent of basal cochlear turn involvement were demonstrated POM. Data 475 ears with bilateral COM, 607 unilateral serving as controls obtained from six centers five countries. group 1...
BACKGROUND Preclinical studies show that opioids stimulate angiogenesis and tumor progression through the mu opioid receptor (MOR). Although MOR is overexpressed in several human malignancies, effect of chronic requirement on cancer or survival has not been examined humans. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis 113 patients identified Minneapolis VA Tumor Registry (test cohort) 480 from national Central Cancer (validation who had diagnosed with stage IV prostate between 1995 2010 to...
The optimal temporal approach for reducing nicotine to minimally or nonaddictive levels in all cigarettes sold the United States has not been determined. To determine effects of immediate vs gradual reduction content very low and as compared with usual level on biomarkers toxicant exposure. A double-blind, randomized, parallel-design study 2 weeks baseline smoking 20 intervention was conducted at 10 US sites. volunteer sample daily smokers no intention quit within 30 days recruited between...
Abstract Epidemiologic and animal studies suggest a protective role of green tea against breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is not understood. We conducted randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial to investigate whether supplementation with extract (GTE) modifies mammographic density (MD), as potential mechanism, involving 1,075 healthy postmenopausal women. Women assigned treatment arm consumed daily 4 decaffeinated GTE capsules containing 1,315...
Objective. Although early otitis media (OM) onset predicts later recurrent and chronic OM, little research has been directed at illuminating the role of prenatal exposures in OM. This prospective study examined prenatal, innate, environmental associated with acute (AOM) OM (ROM) by age 6 months. Design Methods. Prospective 596 infants from a health maintenance organization followed birth to Mothers completed monthly forms on (diet, medications, illnesses) infant risk factors (eg, smoke...
The surgical treatment of fistula-in-ano frequently results in recurrence the fistula or postoperative anal incontinence. Despite these problems, most patients are satisfied with their surgery. To clarify this apparent discrepancy, we attempted to identify factors that affect patient's lifestyles and may contribute satisfaction.A questionnaire was mailed 624 surgically treated for cryptoglandular at University Minnesota during a five-year period. Three hundred seventy-five returned...
PURPOSE: To determine whether the addition of in vivo quantitative hydrogen 1 (1H) magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy can improve radiologist's diagnostic accuracy interpreting breast MR images to distinguish benign from malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by institutional review board and, where appropriate, compliant with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. All patients provided written informed consent. Fifty-five imaging cases—one lesion...
Abstract Epidemiologic studies show a dose-response relationship between cigarettes per day and health outcomes such as heart lung disease, are related to some biomarkers of tobacco exposure. The objective this study was examine the relationships levels selected toxin exposure: carbon monoxide (CO), metabolites tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL)...
Abstract Cigarette design has changed markedly over the past 60 years and sales-weighed levels of tar nicotine have decreased. Currently, cigarettes are classified as regular (>14.5 mg tar), light (>6.5-14.5 ultralight (≤6.5 based on a Federal Trade Commission–specified machine-smoking protocol. Epidemiologic studies suggest that there is no difference in lung cancer risk among people who smoke or compared with cigarettes, but uptake carcinogens smokers these types never been...
No prior studies have related a tobacco-specific carcinogen to the risk of lung cancer in smokers. Of over 60 known carcinogens cigarette smoke, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is specific tobacco and causes laboratory animals. Its metabolites, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol its glucuronides (total NNAL), been studied as biomarkers exposure NNK. We relation prospectively measured NNK risk.
Smokeless tobacco has been proposed as a reduced risk substitute for smoking, but no large studies have investigated exposure to the powerful carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in smokeless users versus smokers. The purpose of this study was carry out such comparison. Levels 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and its glucuronides (total NNAL), biomarker NNK exposure, cotinine, nicotine were quantified urine 420 smokers 182 who participants designed...
Background Oral cancer survival rates increase significantly when it is detected and treated early. Unfortunately, clinicians now lack tests which easily reliably distinguish pre-malignant oral lesions from those already transitioned to malignancy. A test for proteins, ones found in non-invasively-collected whole saliva whose abundances these lesion types, would meet this critical need. Methodology/Principal Findings To discover such a first-of-its-kind study we used advanced mass...
2-Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a natural product found as conjugate in watercress and other cruciferous vegetables, is an inhibitor of the metabolic activation lung carcinogenicity tobacco carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) F344 rats A/J mice. We carried out clinical trial to determine whether PEITC also inhibits NNK smokers. Cigarette smokers were recruited asked smoke cigarettes containing deuterium-labeled [pyridine-D4]NNK for acclimation period at least...