A5057322140- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Resilience and Mental Health
- Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
- Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology
- Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
- Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Emotional Intelligence and Performance
- Problem Solving Skills Development
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Cultural Differences and Values
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
University of Notre Dame
2014-2024
Notre Dame University
2021
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2003-2007
University of Wisconsin System
2002-2003
Self-report continues to be one of the most widely used measurement strategies in psychology despite longstanding concerns about its validity and scientific rigor. In this article, merits self-report are examined from a philosophy science perspective. A framework is also provided for evaluating measures. Specifically, four issues presented that can as decision aid when making choices measurement.
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) uses factor analysis to group people with similar self-reported symptoms (i.e., like-goes-with-like). It is hailed as a significant improvement over other diagnostic taxonomies. However, the purported advantages and fundamental assumptions HiTOP have received little, if any scientific scrutiny. We critically evaluated five claims about HiTOP. conclude that does not demonstrate high degree verisimilitude has potential hinder progress on...
Previous research has generated examples of how genetic and environmental factors can interact to create risk for psychopathology. Using a gene-by-environment (G X E) interaction design, we tested whether three polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1, also referred as SLC6A3, located at 5p15.33) interacted with maternal parenting style predict first-onset episodes depression. Participants were male adolescents (N = 176) recruited from juvenile detention center northern Russia....
Cognitive vulnerability is a potent risk factor for depression. Individual differences in cognitive solidify early adolescence and remain stable throughout the life span. However, stability does not mean immutability. We hypothesized that would be susceptible to change during major transitions when social milieus undergo significant changes (e.g., moving college). Specifically, we tested hypothesis could via contagion effect. this using prospective longitudinal design with sample of randomly...
In their response to our article (both in this issue), DeYoung and colleagues did not sufficiently address three fundamental flaws with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). First, HiTOP was created using a simple-structure factor-analytic approach, which does adequately represent dimensional space symptoms psychopathology. Consequently, is empirical structure Second, factor analysis ratings do fix problems inherent descriptive (folk) classification; self-reported are still...
Results from studies using a behavioral high-risk design and approximations to it generally have corroborated the cognitive vulnerability hypothesis of depression, whereas results remitted depression typically not. Suspecting that features previously conducted designs likely precluded them detecting maladaptive patterns, authors study featuring has been successful in biological for depression. Participants' current depressive symptoms, negative styles (hopelessness theory), dysfunctional...
To test whether cognitive vulnerability could explain the link between depression and poor health.A 4-week longitudinal design was used to examine health problems (eg, diabetes), behaviors smoking), depressive symptoms, vulnerability, life stress in a sample of 154 undergraduates.Contrary hypotheses, but not were associated with problems. However, as predicted, better predictor prospective changes specific than symptoms. Unexpectedly, best behaviors.These results are among first show that...
A number of dopamine-related genes have been implicated in the etiology violent behavior and conduct problems. Of these genes, ones that code for enzymes influence turnover dopamine (DA) received most attention. In this study, we investigated 12 genetic polymorphisms four involved with DA functioning (COMT, MAOA MAOB, DbetaH) 179 incarcerated male Russian adolescents two groups matched controls: boys without criminal records referred to by their teachers as (a) "troubled-behavior-free" boys,...
Variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) has been associated with antisocial behavior populations attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined whether COMT would predict a sample high levels of problems, not necessarily ADHD. In addition, because previous research suggests that may be ADHD males, association between and symptoms was examined.This tested variation three polymorphisms predictive conduct ADHD, 174 incarcerated Russian adolescent male...
According to the justified true belief (JTB) account of knowledge, people can truly know something only if they have a that is both and (i.e., knowledge JTB). This was challenged by Gettier, who argued JTB does not explain attributions in certain situations, later called “Gettier-type cases,” wherein protagonists are believing be true, but their correct because luck. Laypeople may attribute with luckily beliefs. Although some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier...
This study investigated whether key constructs in Coyne's (1976 Coyne, J. C. 1976. Toward an interactional description of depression. Psychiatry, 39: 28–40. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) interpersonal theory depression, namely excessive reassurance seeking and social support, combine to confer risk for future depressive symptoms. Consistent with hypotheses, interacted changes perceived support predict the prospective development Furthermore, interaction were...
Tests of generalizability can diversify psychological science and improve theories measurement. To this end, we conducted five studies testing the cognitive vulnerability to depression hypothesis featured in hopelessness theory depression: Study 1 was with Honduran young adults (n = 50); 2 Nepali 34); 3 Western hemisphere 104); 4 Black U.S. 119); 5 undergraduates 110). Results showed that could be measured reliably diverse populations distribution scores similar for all samples. However,...