Significance Cholera, a major disease in human history, has terrorized the world through seven pandemics. The seventh pandemic started Indonesia 1961 and spread globally, currently infecting 3–5 million people annually. By combining all available historical records genomic analysis of preseventh some early strains, we revealed complex six-step evolution strain from its probable origin South Asia to nonpathogenic form Middle East ∼1900 ∼1925, where it evolved into before becoming widespread...

Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe infections. Serotyping provides a basis for the categorization of bacterial strains and important tool epidemiological surveillance purposes. In this study, 135 tested initially, 119 were identified as C. used. A serotyping scheme classifies based on their different O antigens was developed. Seven antisera exhibited high agglutinin titers (>640) produced. O2 O6 specific homologous strains, O4 O7 gave heterologous with...

The Gram-negative bacterium Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging food-borne pathogen that causes severe invasive infections in neonates. Variation the O-antigen lipopolysaccharide outer membrane provides basis for bacteria serotyping. serotyping scheme C. sakazakii, which includes seven serotypes (O1 to O7), has been recently established, and gene clusters specific primers three (O1, O2, O3) have characterized. In this study, O4, O5, O6, O7 were sequenced, functions predicted on of homology....

ABSTRACT Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia coli are major causes of human infectious diseases responsible for millions cases diarrhea worldwide every year. A convenient rapid method to identify highly serotypes E. is needed large-scale epidemiologic study, timely clinical diagnosis, reliable quarantine the pathogens. In this a DNA microarray targeting O-serotype-specific genes was developed detect 15 , including sonnei ; flexneri type 2a; boydii types 7, 9, 13, 16, 18; dysenteriae 4, 8,...

Shigella is the cause of shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, occurrence which estimated to be 165 million cases per year worldwide, resulting in 1.1 deaths. Rapid and reliable assays for detecting identifying food, environmental clinical samples are therefore necessary. species traditionally identified by their O antigens. This study developed a DNA microarray targeting O-serotype-specific genes detect all 34 distinct O-antigen forms , including boydii types 1–18, dysenteriae 1–13, flexneri...

Neisseria meningitidis is a leading pathogen of epidemic bacterial meningitis and fulminant sepsis worldwide. Twelve different N. serogroups have been identified to date based on antigenic differences in the capsular polysaccharide. However, more than 90% human cases are result infection with just five serogroups, A, B, C, W135, Y. Efficient methods detection genogrouping isolates needed, therefore, order monitor prevalent as means disease control prevention. The gene complex regions...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a disease that spread widely in the world during late 2002 to 2004, severely threatened public health. Although there have been no reported infections since extremely pathogenic SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), as causative agent of SARS, has recently identified animals, showing potential for re-emergence this disease. Previous studies showed 27 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations among spike (S) gene virus are correlated closely with...

Abstract Background Vibrio cholerae, a Gram-negative bacterium, is highly motile owing to the presence of single polar flagellum. The global anaerobiosis response regulator, ArcA regulates expression virulence factors and enhance biofilm formation in V. cholerae. However, function for motility cholerae yet be elucidated. CytR, which represses nucleoside uptake catabolism, known play chief role pathogenesis flagellar synthesis but mechanism that CytR influences unclear. Results In this study,...

Pathogen detection is critical to the process of generating and testing powdered infant formula (PIF). An obstacle associated with PIF microbial surveillance that most current procedures are time-consuming labor-intensive. We have developed a rapid, DNA microarray-based technique identify 10 different pathogenic bacteria contamination based on 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences wzy (O antigen polymerase) gene. Using this procedure, Enterobacter sakazakii,...

ABSTRACT We report here the complete genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus T0131, which is a multiresistant clinical isolate recovered in China and first sequenced epidemic ST239-MRSA-SCC mec type III strain obtained Asia. Comparison with two published genomes ST239 reveals polymorphism among strains this from different continents.

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli strains causing postweaning diarrhea (PWD) and edema disease (ED) in pigs are limited to a number of serogroups, with O8, O45, O138, O139, O141, O147, O149, O157 being the most commonly reported worldwide. In this study, DNA microarray based on O-antigen-specific genes all 8 E. as well 11 encoding adhesion factors exotoxins associated PWD ED, was developed for identification related serogroups virulence gene patterns. The method tested against 186 Shigella...

Pusillimonas sp. T7-7 is a diesel oil-degrading cold-tolerant bacterium isolated from the benthal mud of petroleum-contaminated site in Bohai Sea, China. We present here complete genome sequence T7-7. Genome analysis revealed many features typical marine bacteria, including absence intact sugar metabolic pathways, presence glyoxylate and gluconeogenesis abilities for nitrate assimilation denitrification, as well sulfate reduction sulfite oxidation. The novel genes degradation oils was suggested.

We established a microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of diverse putative pathogens often associated with fishery products by targeting specific genes Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerae, parahaemolyticus, vulnificus, Yersinia enterocolitica 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region Proteus mirabilis vulgaris. The contained 26 probes was tested against total 123 target bacterial...

ABSTRACT Salmonella is a major cause of food-borne disease in many countries. Serotype determination important for assessment, infection control, and epidemiological surveillance. In this study, microarray system that targets the O antigen-specific genes was developed simultaneously detecting identifying all 46 serogroups. Of these, 40 serogroups can be confidently identified, remaining 6, three pairs (serogroups O67 B, E1 E4, A D1), need to further distinguished from each other using PCR...

ABSTRACT The 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of Klebsiella spp., including pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, ozaenae, rhinoscleromatis, oxytoca, planticola, terrigena , and ornithinolytica were characterized, the feasibility using ITS sequences to discriminate species subspecies was explored. A total 336 from 21 representative strains 11 clinical isolates sequenced analyzed. Three distinct types—ITS none (without tRNA genes), glu [with a Glu (UUC) gene], ile+ala Ile...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a common pathogen worldwide causing infectious diarrhea, especially traveler's diarrhea. Traditional physiological assays, immunoassays, and PCR-based methods for the detection of ETEC target heat-labile enterotoxin and/or heat-stable enterotoxin. Separate serotyping using antisera are required to determine serogroup. In this study, we developed DNA microarray that can simultaneously detect genes 19 most O serogroup in strains. The specificity...

ABSTRACT Legionella is ubiquitous in many environments. At least 50 species and 70 serogroups of the Gram-negative bacterium have been identified. Of species, 20 are pathogenic, pneumophila responsible for great majority (approximately 90%) Legionnaires' disease cases that occur. Furthermore, 15 L. identified, O1 alone causes more than 84% occur worldwide. Rapid reliable assays detection identification water, environmental, clinical samples demand. bacteria traditionally identified by their...

This study established a multiplex PCR-based microarray to detect simultaneously diverse panel of 17 sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)-associated pathogens including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, hominis, Ureaplasma, Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, Human papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 54 58. The target genes are 16S rRNA gene for N. M. hominism, the major outer membrane protein (ompA) C. glycoprotein B (gB) HSV; L1 HPV....

RpoN, also known as σ54, first reported in Escherichia coli, is a subunit of RNA polymerase that strictly controls the expression different genes by identifying specific promoter elements. RpoN has an important regulatory function carbon and nitrogen metabolism participates regulation flagellar synthesis, bacterial motility virulence. However, little about effect Plesiomonas shigelloides.To identify pathways controlled sequencing (RNA-Seq) WT rpoN deletion strain was carried out for...

ABSTRACT Group B Streptococcus (GBS; agalactiae ) is an important cause of sepsis and meningitis. Nine GBS serotypes, based on capsular polysaccharide (CPS) antigens, have been described. Their distribution varies worldwide needs to be monitored understand the epidemiology disease inform development vaccines. In this study, we sequenced cpsH serotype II ( cpsHII compared it with that other eight serotypes identify serotype-specific regions. We then developed a DNA microarray gene used test...