Scope Investigations into the immunological response of proteins is often masked by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) contamination. We report an optimized Triton X-114 (TX-114) based LPS extraction method for β-lactoglobulin (BLG) and soy protein extract suitable cell-based assays. Methods results Optimization existing TX-114 phase resulted in >99% reduction levels. However, remaining was found to interfere with concentration assays decreased viability THP-1 macrophages HEK-Blue 293 cells. Upon...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous, behaviorally defined disorders whereby currently no biological markers are common to all affected individuals. A deregulated immune response may be contributing the etiology ASD. The active metabolite vitamin D₃ has an immunoregulatory role mediated by binding D receptor (VDR) in monocyte, macrophages, and lymphocytes. effects interaction with VDR influenced polymorphism gene.Genetic association four different polymorphisms (Apa-I,...

Heat treatment is the most common way of milk processing, inducing structural changes as well chemical modifications in proteins.

ABSTRACT Heating food proteins promotes a reaction between and sugars called the Maillard (MR). products (MRPs) have been linked to increased immunogenicity of through interaction with receptors for advanced glycation end (RAGE). Here, we aimed characterize functional properties whey protein hydrolysates (WPHs) its' fractions. A partial WPH1 an extensive WPH2 were size fractionated. The MRPs detected anti‐Nε‐carboxymethyllysine (CML) antibody binding RAGE was measured using inhibition ELISA....

The Maillard reaction (MR, glycation) frequently occurs during processing of soy-based products widely consumed in Western diets. MR leads to the formation a number chemically different structures called (MRPs), which include early glycation and advanced end (AGEs). AGEs/MRPs were shown modulate immune response by interaction with specific receptors expressed on cells, such as receptor for (RAGE). However, structure-function relationship MRPs formed soy relation binding AGE has not been well...

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence Maillard reaction (MR, glycation) on biochemical and biological properties major peanut allergen Ara h 1. Three different time/temperature conditions treatment were applied (37, 60, 145 °C). extent MR assessed by SDS-PAGE, loss free amino groups, fluorescence intensity, content bound sugar fructosamine. Caco-2 model system effects hydrolysed non-hydrolysed 1 proliferation interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion from cells. We demonstrated...

Sesame seed is an allergen of growing importance worldwide. However, knowledge the clinically relevant sesame and its cross-reactivity with homologous allergens limited. The aim this study was immunological characterization Dutch seed-allergic patients evaluation between seed, tree nut pollen using different sources extracts.Six a medical history allergy were included, i.e. 5 anaphylactic reaction 1 oral syndrome (OAS). background IgE sensitization characterized Western blotting basophil...

Heating of protein- and sugar-containing materials is considered the primary factor affecting formation advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This study aimed to investigate influence heating conditions, digestion, aggregation on binding capacity AGEs soluble AGE receptor (sRAGE). Samples consisting mixtures whey protein lactose were heated at 130 °C. An in vitro infant digestion model was used heat treatment digestibility proteins. The amount sRAGE-binding ligands before after measured by...

The effect of glycation and aggregation thermally processed β-lactoglobulin (BLG) on binding to sRAGE specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) from cow milk allergic (CMA) patients were investigated. BLG was heated under dry conditions (water activity < 0.7) wet (in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4) low temperature (<73 °C) high temperatures (>90 in the presence or absence sugar lactose. Nε-(carboxymethyl)-l-lysine (CML) western blot staining used directly identify structures protein fractions SDS-PAGE....

β-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a major cow milk allergen encountered by the immune system of infants fed with milk-based formulas. To determine effect processing on immunogenicity BLG, this article characterized how heated and glycated BLG are recognized internalized APCs. Also, heat-induced structural changes as well gastrointestinal digestion evaluated.The binding uptake from raw either alone (BLG-H) or lactose/glucose (BLG-Lac BLG-Glu) to receptors present APCs analyzed ELISA cell-binding...

Intake of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is associated with inflammation-related health problems. Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML) one the best characterised AGEs in processed food. have been described as ligands for receptors present on antigen presenting cells. However, changes protein secondary and tertiary structure also induce binding to AGE receptors. We aimed discriminate role different modifications Therefore, β-lactoglobulin was chemically modified glyoxylic acid...

Background: Pycnogenol® (PYC), an extract of French maritime pine bark, is widely used as a dietary supplement. PYC has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory actions via inhibiting the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway. However, role other receptors from TLR family in immunomodulatory activity not described so far. Aim: The aim this study was investigate whether might its properties through cell membrane TLRs (TLR1/2, TLR5, and TLR2/6) than TLR4. Moreover, effect gastrointestinal...

Presently, many studies assess allergenicity via IgE immunoblotting and binding tests; however, detection does not always signal the manifestation of a clinical allergy. However, capacity food allergens to trigger basophils makes it possible use in vitro functional basophil activation test (BAT) allergenicity. The effect Maillard reaction (MR) on allergenic potential processed soy proteins was evaluated by two tests (Competitive ELISA Inhibition ImmunoCAP), Western Blot BAT; with aim analyze...

Bovine milk contains bioactive proteins, carbohydrates, and phospholipids with immunomodulatory properties impacting human immunity, potentially contributing to resistance infections allergies through diverse mechanisms. One such mechanism is the enhancing of innate immune response secondary pathogen-related stimuli, termed training. Although in vitro studies demonstrate that immunoglobulin G (IgG) can train monocytes, evidence for vivo training limited. To explore potential bovine IgG...

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are products of a non-enzymatic reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars. Glycated human serum albumin (HSA) increases in diabetics as consequence elevated blood glucose levels glycating metabolites like methylglyoxal (MGO). The impact different types on the immunomodulatory properties HSA is poorly understood studied here. was glycated with D-glucose, MGO, or glyoxylic acid (CML). Glycation-related biochemical changes were characterized using...

Evaluation of an effect glycation Ara h 1 on proliferation and survival rate adhesion intestinal Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli Lactobacillus acidophilus.Pure heated at three different temperature conditions (G37, G60 C145°C) in the presence or absence glucose was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis. Impacts hydrolysates bacterial proliferation, Caco-2 cells mono heterogeneous cultures were studied with fluorescent techniques: DAPI, LIVE/DEAD staining FISH. Examined hindered E. Ent....

Soybean is an important food allergen and it often incorporated in complex formulated foods. Thermal processing induces conformational changes of allergens accelerates its interaction with carbohydrates. This reaction called Maillard (MR) occurs always during processing. It has been shown to influence allergenic potential several proteins. The aim the study was establish effect conditions on soy protein extract containing major Gly m 5 6. Clinically characterized allergic patients (n=15)...