In the last decade, emergence of variant strains avian orthoreovirus (ARV) has caused an enormous economic impact on poultry industry across China and other countries. This study aimed to evaluate molecular evolution ARV lineages detected in Chinese commercial broiler farms. Firstly, isolation identification arthritis cases from different provinces 2016 2021 were conducted. A total 51 pure isolates obtained. Sequencing results showed that there five genotypes isolated this study, which...

The specific roles of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a translation-dependent RNA quality control mechanism that degrades mRNAs containing premature termination codons (PTCs), in mammalian craniofacial development have remained unclear. Here, we show knockout the essential NMD factor Smg5 mouse neural crest cells leads to hypoplastic mandibles, subsequently inducing tongue mispositioning and cleft palate formation. Furthermore, loss triggers massive cell apoptosis disrupts...

Geese play an important role in agricultural economics, with China producing the vast majority of goose meat consumed worldwide annually. The variations avian viruses and co-infections result substantial economic losses to industry China. To understand evolutionary characteristics viruses, a broad epidemiological investigation epizootic was carried out nine provinces during 2018-2021. Here, results indicated that, among 1970 clinical samples, 50.81% (1001/1970) were positive for astrovirus...

Goose astrovirus genotype 2 (GAstV-2) is the causative agent causing severe visceral gout and joint in goslings, with mortality rates of affected flocks up to 50%. To date, continuous GAstV-2 outbreaks still pose a great threat goose industry China. Although most researches on have focused its pathogenicity geese ducks, limited studies been performed chickens. Herein, we inoculated 1-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) White Leghorn line chickens 0.6 mL culture supernatant (TCID50...

In November 2017, a severe infectious disease that devastated the major goose-producing regions in China was found to be caused by novel goose astrovirus (N-AstV). The objective of this study develop quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qLAMP) assay for rapid diagnosis N-AstV characterized with gout, hemorrhage, and swellings kidneys. A set 4 specific primers, 2 inner outer targeting ORF1a gene were designed which could completed within 60 min at 65°C water bath or on...

Outbreaks of fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) infection with the main clinical signs hepatitis-hydropericardium-syndrome or inclusion body hepatitis have been frequently reported in ducks and geese recent years, causing economic losses for Chinese waterfowl industry. This study investigated 792 samples (391 fattening ducks, 192 breeder 209 geese) suspected FAdV-infected from 38 farms (21 duck farms, nine eight farms) Shandong Province between 2019 2022. The results showed a 60.23% rate FAdVs...

In China, drastic losses in the economy have been caused by Tembusu virus (TMUV), causative agent of egg-drop syndrome, to duck-raising industry. To succeed preventing and controlling infections, extant techniques must be upgraded achieve fast detection viruses. This work is first attempt present development a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)-Cas13a approach for TMUV infection diagnosis, where CRISPR-Cas13a...

Since 2013, there have been an increasing number of cases arthritis in broilers caused by avian orthoreovirus (ARV) China, and the virus remains highly virulent chicks with high-level maternal antibodies. However, little information is available about complete gene analysis pathogenicity epidemic ARVs. In study, ARV strain (V-ARV-SD26) was isolated from associated Shandong Province. To genetically characterize strain, whole-genome sequencing conducted next-generation (NGS) technique....

Abstract Goose astrovirus 2 (GAstV-2) causes visceral gout in goslings and has resulted significant economic losses the goose industry of China since its outbreak 2017. To further investigate distribution localization GAstV-2 different tissues at times, a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was developed to detect GAstV-2. A total 80 1-day-old healthy were inoculated with via oral (n = 40) intramuscular routes 40). interest detected using established IHC assay....

ABSTRACTPoultry production in China has been experiencing a high incidence of broiler arthritis /tenosynovitis caused by avian orthoreovirus (ARV) since 2013. In the spring 2020 severe cases from flocks were identified large-scale commercial poultry company Anhui Province, China. Diseased organs dead birds sent for diagnosis to our laboratory. ARVs, including seven broiler-isolates and two breeder-isolates, successfully harvested sequenced. Interestingly, genotypes ARVs isolated infected...

Avian arthritis is a relatively common disease in the poultry industry, cause of which complex. Bacterial often caused by infection Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), whereas viral avian orthoreovirus (ARV). To investigate S. and ARV cases arthritis, total 77 samples characterized were collected detection. The results showed that 68.83% positive for ARV, 66.23% aureus. Among them, mono-infection rate was 22.08%, 19.48%, co-infection 45.45%, indicating cases. further synergistic pathogenicity...

Since the first report from Cherry Valley ducks on a commercial duck farm in China (2008), astrovirus type 1(DAstV-1)-associated viral hepatitis (DVH) have been detected several flocks. A highly acute disease characterized by broke out ducklings Shandong Province March 2021, all diseased immunized against vaccine. One DAstV-1 strain, designated as DAstV-SDWF, was isolated duckling. Here, isolation, cultivation, and characterization of isolate are described. The grew well LMH cell line. To...

A field isolate (Reo/SDWF /Pheasant/17608/20) of avian orthoreovirus (ARV), isolated from a flock game-pheasants in Weifang, Shandong Province, was genetically characterized being variant or novel strain our recent research studies conducting whole genome sequencing by using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technique on Illumina MiSeq platform. Among total 870,197 35-151-mer reads, 297,711 reads (34.21%) were identified as ARV sequences. The de novo assembly the resulted generation 10...

Novel duck orthoreovirus can infect various hosts, mainly causing spleen necrosis and hemorrhagic necrotizing hepatitis, leading to immunosuppression growth impairment. Infectious diseases characterized by swollen hock joints, movement disorders, impaired growths have recently occurred in significant breeding areas China. Infected ducks from Shandong Province were selected, N-DRV-LY20 was isolated the joints. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of homology analysis showed that all ten fragments...

In mid-2020, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, we identified a divergent cluster 2 avian orthoreovirus (ARV) variant named PHC-2020-0545, isolated from tendons of 33-day-old broilers with leg swelling in China. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis results revealed that the isolate strain was genetically distinct all known ARV strains M1 M3 genes, σC coding gene quite different grouped into other genotyping cluster. The recombination multiple segmental recombination,...

Goose astrovirus genotype 2 (GoAstV2), as a contagious pathogen of fatal visceral gout in goslings, has been widely distributed major goose-producing regions China since 2017, leading to significant economic losses the Chinese goose industry. In this study, novel (GoAstV-SDHZ) was isolated and identified from laying hens with nephritis for first time. Phylogenetic analysis sequenced genome ORF2 gene revealed that GoAstV-SDHZ strain clustered into Group GoAstVs shared highest identity other...

Abstract Background: Poultry production in China has been experiencing a high incidence of broiler arthritis /tenosynovitis caused by avian orthoreovirus (ARV) since 2013. In the spring 2020 severe cases from flocks were identified large-scale commercial poultry company Anhui Province, China. Methods: Diseased organ dead birds sent for diagnosis to our laboratory. ARV, including seven broiler-isolates and two breeder-isolates, was successfully harvested sequenced. Results: Interestingly,...