A5091594365- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- interferon and immune responses
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- RNA regulation and disease
- Health Policy Implementation Science
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
MRC University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research
2013-2024
Millennium Institute
2011
The University of Sydney
2011
Interactions between viruses during coinfections can influence viral fitness and population diversity, as seen in the generation of reassortant pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) strains. However, opportunities for interactions closely related are limited by a process known superinfection exclusion (SIE), which blocks coinfection shortly after primary infection. Using IAVs, we asked whether SIE, an effect occurs at level individual cells, could limit populations they spread across multiple...
ABSTRACT The cellular protein IFI16 colocalizes with the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ubiquitin ligase ICP0 at early times of infection and is degraded as progresses. Here, we report that factors governing degradation its colocalization are distinct from those promyelocytic leukemia (PML), a well-characterized substrate. Unlike PML, was dependent on RING finger did not occur when proteasome activity inhibited. Expression in absence destabilize IFI16, occurred efficiently if progressing...
Covalent linkage to members of the small ubiquitin-like (SUMO) family proteins is an important mechanism by which functions many cellular are regulated. Sumoylation has roles in control protein stability, activity and localization, involved regulation transcription, gene expression, chromatin structure, nuclear transport RNA metabolism. also linked, both positively negatively, with replication different viruses terms modification viral modulation sumoylated that influence efficiency...
ABSTRACT We previously reported that MORC3, a protein associated with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML NBs), is target of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ICP0-mediated degradation (E. Sloan, et al., PLoS Pathog 11: e1005059, 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005059 ). Since it well known certain other components the PML NB complex play an important role during intrinsic immune response to HSV-1 and are also degraded or inactivated by ICP0, here we further investigate...
Abstract Productive infections by RNA viruses require faithful replication of the entire genome. Yet many also produce deletion-containing viral genomes (DelVGs), aberrant products with large internal deletions. DelVGs interfere wild-type virus and their presence in patients is associated better clinical outcomes. The DelVG itself hypothesized to confer this interfering activity. antagonize out-competing full-length genome triggering innate immune responses. Here, we identify an additionally...
RNA viruses are a major human health threat. The life cycles of many highly pathogenic like influenza A virus (IAV) and Lassa depends on host mRNA, because viral polymerases cleave 5′-m7G-capped transcripts to prime mRNA synthesis ("cap-snatching"). We hypothesized that start codons within cap-snatched could generate chimeric human-viral mRNAs with coding potential. report the existence this mechanism gene origination, which we named "start-snatching." Depending reading frame,...
ABSTRACT Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen-presenting essential for initiating primary immune responses and therefore an ideal target viral evasion. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can productively infect immature human DCs impair their function as effectors by inhibiting maturation, evidenced the expression modulation of functionally important cell surface molecules CD80, CD86, CD83, major histocompatibility complex I. The NF-κB pathway largely regulates these molecules, we sought to determine...
The induction of antiviral effector proteins as part a homeostatically controlled innate immune response to infection plays critical role in limiting the propagation and transmission respiratory pathogens. However, prolonged this can lead lung hyperinflammation, tissue damage, failure. We hypothesized that tissues exposed constant threat may constitutively express higher levels reduce need activate potentially harmful defences. By analysing transcriptomic data derived from range human...
Abstract Influenza viruses can interact during coinfections, allowing viral fitness to be altered by genome complementation and competition, increasing population diversity through reassortment. However, opportunities for these interactions are limited, as coinfection is blocked shortly after primary infection a process known superinfection exclusion (SIE). We asked whether SIE, which occurs at the level of individual cells, could limit within-host between populations influenza they spread...
Abstract We hypothesized that increased expression of antiviral host factors at portals viral entry may protect exposed tissues from the constant threat invading pathogens. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified broad-acting restriction factor TRIM22 (TRIpartite Motif 22) to be among most abundantly expressed in lung, a major portal for many respiratory This was surprising, as is currently considered an interferon stimulated gene (ISG) product confers protection following activation...
Abstract Segmented negative-strand RNA viruses (sNSVs) include the influenza viruses, bunyaviruses, and other major pathogens of humans, animals plants. The genomes these are extremely short. In response to this severe genetic constraint, sNSVs use a variety strategies maximise their coding potential. Because eukaryotic hosts parasitized by can regulate gene expression through low levels translation initiation upstream canonical open reading frames (ORFs), we asked whether could expand own...