Total variation was recently introduced in many different magnetic resonance imaging applications. The assumption of total is that images consist areas, which are piecewise constant. However, practical situations, this not valid due to the inhomogeneities exciting B1 field and receive coils. This work introduces new concept generalized for imaging, a mathematical framework, generalization theory eliminates these restrictions. Two important applications considered article, image denoising...

The authors describe a method for accurate in vivo multislice imaging of the active component B1 field which is based on previously proposed method, uses signal intensity ratio two images measured with different excitation angles, and repetition time TR 5 > or = T1. new essentially reduces scan by means an additional compensating pulse. suppression T1 effects this pulse are verified simulations measurements. Further investigations concerned influence slice selective magnetization transfer to...

Abstract Diffusion‐weighted single‐shot EPI (sshEPI) is one of the most important tools for diagnostic assessment stroke patients, but it suffers from well known artifacts. Therefore, sshEPI was combined with SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) to further increase EPI's potential imaging. Eight healthy volunteers and a consecutive series patients ( N = 8) suspected were examined diffusion‐weighted SENSE‐sshEPI using different reduction factors (1.0 ≤ R 3.0). Additionally, high‐resolution scan...

Abstract SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) greatly enhances the quality of diffusion‐weighted echo‐planar imaging (EPI) by reducing blurring and off‐resonance artifacts. Such improvement would also be desirable for diffusion tensor (DTI), but measures derived from can extremely sensitive to any kind image distortion. Whether DTI is feasible in combination with SENSE has not yet been explored, focus this study. Using a SENSE‐reduction factor 2, scans eight healthy volunteers were carried out...

High-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed in 14 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) and the trace of (〈D〉) fractional anisotropy (FA) were determined normal appearing white matter (NAWM) different types focal MS lesions. A small but significant increase 〈D〉 NAWM compared to control ((840 ± 85) × 10–6 mm2/sec vs. (812 59) mm2/sec; P < 0.01) found. In addition, there a decrease FA normal-appearing regions containing well-defined tracts, such as genu...

In extrahepatic tissues lipoprotein lipase (LPL) hydrolyzes triglycerides thereby generating FFA for tissue uptake and metabolism. To study the effects of increased in muscle tissue, transgenic mouse lines were generated with a human LPL minigene driven by promoter creatine kinase gene. these mice was expressed skeletal cardiac muscle, but not other tissues. proportion to level overexpression, decreased plasma triglyceride levels, elevated weight loss, premature death observed three...

Abstract A new approach based on nonlinear inversion for autocalibrated parallel imaging with arbitrary sampling patterns is presented. By extending the iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton method variational penalties, improved reconstruction quality obtained from joint estimation of image and coil sensitivities combined superior noise suppression total variation generalized regularization. In addition, proposed can lead to enhanced removal artifacts arising pseudorandom radial patterns....

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can result in vascular pruning and increased tortuosity of the blood vessels. In this study we examined whether automatic extraction lung vessels from contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans calculation as well 3D fractal dimension segmented results measures associated with PH. pilot study, 24 patients (18 6 without PH) were thorax CT following their diagnostic or follow-up right-sided heart catheterisation (RHC). Images whole acquired a...

Purpose To accelerate dynamic MR applications using infimal convolution of total generalized variation functionals (ICTGV) as spatio‐temporal regularization for image reconstruction. Theory and Methods ICTGV comprises a new prior tailored to data that achieves via optimal local balancing between spatial temporal regularity. Here it is applied the first time reconstruction MRI data. CINE perfusion scans were investigated study influence dependent morphology contrast changes. regularized from...

Abstract Purpose: To improve the diagnostic value of BOLD MR‐Venography by removing artifacts related to phase wrapping, particularly in regions large background susceptibilities at high magnetic field strengths. Materials and Methods: High resolution, T ‐weighted, single echo images were acquired on a 3 system (Medspec 30/80 Avance, Bruker Medical, Ettlingen, Germany) with three‐dimensional, first order velocity compensated gradient sequence using quadrature transmit/receive birdcage head...

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the technical feasibility and precision of a navigated diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging method with interleaved echo-planar test its diagnostic sensitivity for detection ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were performed in phantoms, six healthy adult volunteers examined to determine intrasubject (precision) intersubject (reference range) variations absolute ADC relative (rADC) measurements. DW maps lesion rADC...

Magnetic liposomes (MLs) are phospholipid vesicles that encapsulate magnetic and/or paramagnetic nanoparticles. They applied as contrast agents for resonance imaging (MRI). MLs have an advantage over free nanocores, in various functional groups can be attached to the surface of ligand-specific targeting. We synthesized PEG-coated sterically-stabilized (sMLs) containing ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs) with aim generating stable liposomal carriers equipped a high payload...

Backgrounds. Deep neural networks have demonstrated high accuracy in classifying Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to enlighten the underlying black-box nature and reveal individual contributions of T1-weighted (T1w) gray-white matter texture, volumetric information preprocessing on classification performance. Methods. We utilized T1w MRI data from Disease Neuroimaging Initiative distinguish matched AD patients (990 MRIs) healthy controls MRIs). Preprocessing included skull stripping...

The temperature-dependent water proton frequency shift was investigated for temperature monitoring of interstitial thermal coagulation. A procedure on-line calculation developed, and errors due to susceptibility were by finite element analysis reference measurements. coefficient magnetic chemical determined brain tissue other substances. With the proposed procedure, location isotherms could be well visualized during laser-induced coagulation in vitro vivo. Systematic caused changes with...

Finite Element Method (FEM) using 26-node isoparametric finite elements was applied for modeling saddleshaped head coils used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MM) generating linearly polarized radiofrequency (RF) pulses at 64 MHz. The human modeled from MR sciplls of a volunteer and additional information were taken Atlas Sectional Human Anatomy. physical dimensions the coil permit calculation outside magnetic field by quasistatic approach. Of course, full-wave approach within head. Values...

Core–shell hydrophilic superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, surface functionalized with either terephthalic acid or 2-amino acid, showed large negative MRI contrast ability, validating the advantage of using low molecular weight and π-conjugated canopies for engineering functional nanostructures superior performances.

Curcumin possesses wide-ranging anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties its biological activity can be linked to potent antioxidant capacity. Superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2 O3 ), called surface-active nanoparticles (SAMNs) were surface-modified with curcumin molecules, due the presence of under-coordinated Fe(III) atoms on nanoparticle surface. The so-obtained curcumin-modified SAMNs (SAMN@curcumin) had a mean size 13±4 nm. SAMN@curcumin was characterized by transmission scanning...

Purpose Magnetic resonance imaging protocols for the assessment of quantitative information suffer from long acquisition times since multiple measurements in a parametric dimension are required. To facilitate clinical applicability, accelerating is high importance. this end, we propose model‐based optimization framework conjunction with undersampling 3D radial stack‐of‐stars data. Theory and Methods High resolution T 1 maps generated subsampled data by employing reconstruction combined...

For ASL perfusion imaging in clinical settings the current guidelines recommends pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling with segmented 3D readout. This combination achieves best signal to noise ratio reasonable resolution but is prone motion artifacts due Motion robust single-shot acquisitions suffer from image blurring T2 decay of sampled signals during long To tackle this problem, we propose an accelerated 3D-GRASE sequence a time-dependent 2D-CAIPIRINHA sampling pattern. has several...

Abstract Purpose To compare and evaluate two novel diffusion‐weighted sequences, based either on fast spin‐echo (FSE) or interleaved echo‐planar imaging (EPI) methods, as potential tools for investing spinal cord abnormalities. Materials Methods Following recent improvements, both EPI (IEPI) FSE techniques could be alternative approaches rapid (DWI). Therefore, a navigated multishot sequence fat‐suppressed IEPI with local shimming capabilities were tested. Both methods compared in...

Nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filtering is a procedure based on nonlinear evolution partial differential equations which seeks to improve images qualitatively by removing noise while preserving details and even enhancing edges. However, well known implementations are sensitive parameters necessarily tuned sharpen narrow range of edge slopes; otherwise, edges either blurred or staircased. In this work, filters have been developed over wide slope scales reduce conservatively with dissipation...