ABSTRACT During embryogenesis, endothelial and blood precursors are hypothesized to arise from a common progenitor, the hemangioblast. Several genes that affect differentiation of, or expressed early in, both lineages may in fact function at level of For example, zebrafish cloche mutation disrupts cells. The transcription factor gene scl is an stage can regulate their differentiation. Here we report homeobox hhex (previously called hex) also stage. We find expression these significantly...

Huangjiu is a national alcoholic beverage in China. Millet has congenital advantages development and utilization of nutrient. Brewing with millet can increase the value millet. Microbial community plays crucial roles fermentation. Flavor compounds reflect quality health function Huangjiu. The flavor are complex their formation closely associated microorganisms, but relationship between them during fermentation been unknown. In this research, were deeply investigated. Totally 86 volatile...

Daylily is a valuable plant resource with various health benefits. Its main bioactive components are phenolic compounds. In this work, four extraction methods, ultrasonic-assisted water (UW), ethanol (UE), enzymatic-assisted (EW), and (EE), were applied to extract compounds from daylily. Among the extracts, UE exhibited highest total content (130.05 mg/100 g DW) best antioxidant activity. For extract, DPPH value was 7.75 mg Trolox/g DW, FRAP 14.54 ABTS 15.37 DW. A of 26 identified higher...

Higher alcohols (HAs) are abundant compounds that provide important flavors in Huangjiu, but they also cause hangover. Previous studies have shown the production of HAs to be related yeast, correlations between and other microorganisms rarely reported. In this study, we detected changes levels microbial dynamics during Huangjiu fermentation process. Relationships were characterized using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The functional core HA-producing bacteria selected by bidirectional...

When skeletal muscle is damaged, satellite cells (SCs) are activated to proliferate rapidly and fuse with the damaged fibers form new fibers, thereby promoting growth remodeling repair of trauma. Exosomes from differentiating human trigger myogenesis stem provide biochemical cues for regeneration. Therefore, we hypothesized that, when muscles injured, myoblast-derived exosomes may regulate Here, investigated underlying mechanism by applying C2C12-derived injured mouse muscles. The expression...

Microbial communities inhabiting sedimentary environments in river source regions serve as pivotal indicators of pristine ecosystems. While the correlation between antibiotic resistome and pathogenicity with core gut bacteria humans is well established, there exists a significant knowledge gap concerning interaction resistance genes (ARGs) human pathogenic (HPB) specific microbes basins, often referred to "terrestrial gut". Understanding microbial composition, including resident genetic...

The gradual rise in global temperatures can affect skeletal muscle development and intestinal microorganisms. However, the influence of microbial metabolites on homeostasis under heat stress (HS) remains unclear. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to normal temperature or 40 °C conditions for 3 d, 7 14 d. HS d also treated with sodium butyrate (NaB, 200 mg/kg, gavage). Strikingly, body weight, antioxidative ability (MDA, T-SOD, GSH-Px), average cross-sectional area decreased, but blood glucose core...

Obesity is a common chronic metabolic disease that induces systemic inflammation in the body, eventually leading to related complications such as insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus, and syndromes cardiovascular disease. Exosomes transfer bioactive substances neighboring or distal cells through autosomal, paracrine, distant secretion, regulating gene protein expression levels of receptor cells. In this study, we investigated effect mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem...

In mammals, parathyroid hormone (PTH), secreted by glands, increases calcium levels in the blood from reservoirs bone. While mammals have two PTH receptor genes, PTH1R and PTH2R , zebrafish has three receptors, pth1r pth2r pth3r . can activate all Pthrs while PTH2 ( alias tuberoinfundibular peptide 39, TIP39) preferentially activates mammalian PTH2Rs. We know little about roles of PTH2/PTH2R system development any animal. To determine during vertebrate development, we evaluated their...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as regulators of aging at the tissue or organism level cellular senescence. Targeted deletion miR-126 in mice causes partial embryonic lethality, but its biological function liver is still largely unknown. Here, we deleted miR-126a, using CRISPR/Cas9 system vitro and vivo. miR-126a was reduced livers, disruption bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced age-associated telomere shortening, DNA damage responses, proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, caused hepatocyte...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most harmful mycotoxins, raising serious global health and economic problems. Searching for biological approaches effective safe AFB1 degradation imminent. In our study, Microbacterium proteolyticum B204 isolated from bovine faeces degraded 77% after 24 h, becoming first reported bacteria family to possess characteristics. Temperature variation showed little effect on its ratio, demonstrating high thermostability 75% 79% boiling sterilization, respectively....

Ecdysteroid hormones are key regulators of insect development and metamorphosis. Ecdysone-inducible E75, a major component ecdysone signaling pathway, has been well characterized in holometabolous insects, however, barely hemimetabolous species. In this study, total four full-length E75 cDNAs from the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, were identified, cloned, characterized. The SaE75 contained 3048, 2625, 2505, 2179 bp open reading frames (ORF), encoding 1015, 874, 856, 835 amino acids,...

Resistant starch appears to have promising effects on hypertension, cardiovascular and enteric illness. The influence of resistant intestinal physiological function has drawn great attention. In this study, we first analyzed the physicochemical characteristics, including crystalline properties, amylose content, anti-digestibility among different types buckwheat-resistant starch. functions mouse system, contained defecation, microbes were also evaluated. results showed that mold changed from...

Muscle satellite cells (SCs) play a crucial role in the regeneration and repair of skeletal muscle injuries. Previous studies have shown that myogenic exosomes can enhance cell proliferation, while expression miR-140-5p is significantly reduced during process mouse injuries induced by BaCl2. This study aims to investigate potential carrying inhibitors activate SCs influence injured muscles. Myogenic progenitor (MPC-Exo) contained mimics/inhibitors (MPC-Exo140+ MPC-Exo140−) were employed...

Riemerella anatipestifer, belonging to Weeksellaceae Riemerella, is a bacterium that can infect ducks, geese, and turkeys, causing diseases known as duck infectious serositis, new disease, septicemia. We collected diseased materials from ducks on farm in China then isolated purified strain of serotype 1 R. anatipestifer named SX-1. Animal experiments showed SX-1 highly virulent with an LD50 value 101 CFU/mL. The complete genome sequence was obtained. 2,112,539 bp; 847 genes were involved...

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpene with reported protective effects against various diseases, including diabetes, hepatitis, and different cancers. However, the of OA on obesity‐induced muscle atrophy remain largely unknown. This study investigated skeletal production proliferation C2C12 cells. We report that significantly increased mass improved glucose intolerance insulin resistance. inhibited dexamethasone (Dex)‐induced in myoblasts by regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway....

Somatic hypermutation (SHM), coupled with Ag selection, provides a mechanism for generating Abs high affinity invading pathogens. Class-switch recombination (CSR) ensures that these attain pathogen-appropriate effector functions. Although the enzyme critical to both processes, activation-induced cytidine deaminase, has been identified, it remains unclear which cis-elements within Ig loci are responsible recruiting deaminase and promoting its activity. Studies showed gene-transcription levels...

Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) have a remarkable contribution to the hepatocytes and ductal when normal hepatocyte proliferation is severely impaired. As biomarker for LPCs, Sry-box 9 (Sox9) plays critical roles in liver homeostasis repair response injury. However, regulation mechanism of Sox9 physiological pathological state remains unknown. In this study, we found that miR-126 positively regulated expression Sox9, differentiation SOX9+ LPCs by suppressing translation homeobox b6 (Hoxb6)....

Aptamers are specific nucleic acid sequences that can bind to a wide range of and non-nucleic targets with high affinity specificity. Nucleic aptamers selected in vitro from single stranded DNA or RNA ligands containing random up few hundred nucleotides. Systematic evolution by exponential enrichment (SELEX) was used select PCR amplify (aptamers) capable binding detecting Listeria monocytogenes, one the major food-borne pathogens. A simplified separation approach employed, which L....

The key aroma compounds in the fruit of Litsea pungens Hemsl. (LPH) were concentrated through solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS/O), quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), odor activity values (OAVs), addition test. results showed that LPH contained 31 aroma-active (flavor dilution, FD = 9). Among them, 30 odorants quantified standard curve method. OAV 25 had OAVs ≥ 1, which could be considered as potent...

Abstract Numerous studies have revealed the profound impact of microRNAs on regulating skeletal muscle development and regeneration. However, biological function regulation mechanism miR‐222‐3p in remains largely unknown. In this study, was found to be abundantly expressed impaired muscles, indicating that it might regeneration process muscle. MiR‐222‐3p overexpression impeded C2C12 myoblast proliferation myogenic differentiation, whereas inhibition got opposite results. The dual‐luciferase...

ABSTRACT Quorum sensing, also known as cell-density sensing in the unicellular eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum , is required for efficient entry into differentiation and development segment of its life cycle. accomplished by simultaneously secreting glycoprotein Conditioned Medium Factor, or CMF. When density starving cells high, CMF levels are which leads to aggregation followed development. Here, we describe role pldB a gene coding putative phospholipase D (PLD) homologue, quorum...