Greek oregano is commonly used as a spice and in traditional medicine Eurasia. The plant rich secondary metabolites, such volatile organic compounds (VOC) polyphenols. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) are elicitor. objectives of this study were to determine the effects COS on growth content metabolites oregano. Four treatments (50, 200, 500, 1000 ppm) field experiment. 200 500 ppm promoted height growth, whereas 50 upregulated polyphenols significantly (38 29%, respectively). induced H(2)O(2)...

Obesity and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles are major features of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we examined potential Sambucus nigra flower (elderflowers) extracts to stimulate glucose uptake (GU) primary porcine myotubes reduce fat accumulation (FAc) Caenorhabditis elegans. Bioassay guided chromatographic fractionations fractions resulted identification naringenin 5-O- caffeoylquinic acid exhibiting a significant increase GU. addition, phenolic compounds related those found...

Chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments from six cultivars of processed green peas (Avola, Tristar, Rampart, Turon, Bella, Greenshaft) were extracted with 100% acetone analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC. A total 17 identified in the pea including 8 xanthophylls ((all-E)-neoxanthin, (9'Z)-neoxanthin, (all-E)-violaxanthin, neochrome, (all-E)-lutein epoxide, (all-E)-lutein, neolutein B, A), 4 chlorophyll b related compounds (chlorophyll derivative, b, b', pheophytin b), a a, a', a),...

Chitosan oligosaccharides (collectively, oligochitosan, or COS) are considered to be potent plant immunity elicitors. In this article, the induction of resistance Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus L. var. Huyou 15 by COS is studied. Even though (50 μg mL−1) did not affect radial growth pathogen vitro, it reduced disease symptoms vivo relative control plants. The rates were 25.8%, 41.4%, 57.1%, 68.7%, and 48.8% with pretreatment 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h before S. inoculation,...

Abstract Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are insulin sensitizing drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. The primary target of the TZDs is peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) γ , a key regulator adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis. Currently prescribed full PPAR agonists, their use associated with several side effects. Partial agonists appear be fewer effects but may still confer desired action. Extracts from common medicinal/food plants were tested in screening platform comprising...

The aerial parts of the plant Artemisia annua contain essential oils having antimicrobial properties against Clostridium perfringens Type A, causal agent for necrotic enteritis in broilers. In two experiments, influence increasing dietary concentrations dried A. leaves (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) n-hexane extract from fresh 125, 250 500 mg/kg) on broiler performance was investigated. Dried material decreased feed intake body weight a dose-dependent manner, g/kg diet tended to improve conversion...

Glandular trichomes (GT) of Artemisia annua produce valuable compounds for pharmaceutical and industrial uses, most notably the anti-malarial artemisinin. Our aim was to find out whether density, number size GT can be manipulated advantage by environmental stress. A range external stress treatments, including response regulators, therefore given fully grown plants under field greenhouse conditions.In a experiment (Ex1), seed-grown were subjected chemical or physical analysed after 5 weeks....

Roots of Echinacea purpurea and pallida cultivated for 4 years in a North European climate were analyzed seasonal variations the concentrations lipophilic constituents (alkamides, ketoalkenes, ketoalkynes) phenolic acids by harvesting five times during 1 year to establish optimal time harvest. A total 16 alkamides, three two ketoalkynes, four (echinacoside, cichoric acid, caftaric chlorogenic acid) identified aqueous ethanolic (70%) extracts liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quantified...

Aerial parts and roots of Echinacea purpurea were harvested consecutively in order to find the best strategy for harvest both types plant material an optimal content bioactive alkamides caffeic acid derivatives. Four derivatives 15 identified quantified. The aerial bud, bloom, wilting stage 1 week, month, 3 months after each parts. highest yield per area is achieved when are late (wilting stage). To obtain it not recommendable same year. If must be harvested, should week because this will...

Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. botrytis) and broccoli italica) plants were grown in large pots growth chambers for a range of temperatures (mean air from 7.0-25.3 °C) irradi-ances (from 9.3-50.8 mol m−2 d−1 or 4.7-25.4 MJ d−1). The extinction coefficient PAR decreased with plant size reaching value 0.55 cauliflower 0.45 at leaf areas 0.235 m2 0.227 m2, respectively. area expansion rate was unaffected by irradiance when compared identical surface temperatures. response to temperature...

SummaryBecause of increasing concern about the use chemical growth retardants in crop production, alternative approaches are required. An environmental friendly to maleic hydrazide for preventing sprouting bulb onions is prolong natural dormancy by altering pre-harvest growing conditions. Onions were grown at various N supplies or subjected drought stress conditions just prior harvest. After harvest bulbs stored 1˚C until April, May June following year. During a 40.d shelf-life period 15˚C...

Five different Artemisia annua-derived materials (i.e. dry leaves, pure artemisinin, and hexane, dichloromethane or methanol extracts of leaves) were screened for their in vitro activities against six clonal cultures Histomonas meleagridis. Except the extract, all tested displayed activity protozoal clones. Neither plant material, nor artemisinin showed any antibacterial xenic bacteria accompanying H. meleagridis clones at concentration levels identical to antihistomonal setting. The extract...

Dichloromethane and methanol extracts of seven different food medicinal plants were tested in a screening platform for identification with potential bioactivity related to insulin-dependent glucose uptake fat accumulation. The included series vitro bioassays, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-mediated transactivation, adipocyte differentiation 3T3-L1 cell cultures, both adipocytes primary porcine myotubes, as well one vivo bioassay, accumulation the nematode Caenorhabditis...

Abstract Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of necrotic enteritis leading to significant losses in poultry industry. Dichloromethane and n-hexane extracts aerial parts Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) exhibited activity against C. with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) 185 270 μg/mL, respectively. Bioassay-guided fractionation gave several active fractions (MIC between 75 600 μg/mL). Investigations most resulted iso ponticaepoxide 100 200 μg/mL)...

<i>Echinacea purpurea</i> has been used in traditional medicine as a remedy for the treatment and prevention of upper respiratory tract infections common cold. Recent investigations have indicated that <i>E. also an effect on insulin resistance. A dichloromethane extract roots was found to enhance glucose uptake adipocytes activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor <i>γ</i>. The purpose present study identify bioactive compounds responsible potential antidiabetic using...

SummaryScheduling harvests in broccoli crops by planting at time intervals may cause problems because of the temperature dependent development plant. Data from three years field experiments with four plantings per year, cultivars and two plant densities were used to estimate effect environment on growth. A quadratic relationship between logarithm head diameter a sum base 0°C ceiling 17°C starting initiation (diameter apex 0.6 mm) accounted for 97.3% variation pooled data 68 crops. Including...

SummaryThe use of the sprout-inhibiting chemical maleic hydrazide may be unwanted or banned in bulb onion production. The work reported here was initiated to find alternative production techniques that can reduce sprouting onions after long-term storage. Field experiments were conducted Denmark between 1997 2001 investigate effects cultivar, maturity at harvest, storage temperature, and transplanting (as opposed direct sowing) on tendency cool for 6 9 months. Sprouting measured by shelf-life...

ABSTRACT Field experiments were conducted in 1997,1998 and 2000 to investigate the effects of genotype seeding rate on competitive ability green pea (Pisum sativum L.) crops against weeds organic production. In 1997/98 eight cultivars tested under three rates (90, 120 150 seeds m−2). The dry weight (DW) natural weed population at harvest was used measure ability. 2000, ten with one (110 m−2) DW an in-sown crop winter rape (Brassica napus) plants increased significantly when from 90 m−2 both...