A5046363381- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- interferon and immune responses
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- RNA regulation and disease
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Malaria Research and Control
- Complement system in diseases
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Connexins and lens biology
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
2021-2023
University of Chicago
2023
Umeå University
2016-2020
Public Health Agency of Sweden
2018
Universität der Bundeswehr München
2018
Institut für Mikrobiologie der Bundeswehr
2018
National Cheng Kung University
2018
Charles River Laboratories (Germany)
2018
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2018
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg
2018
The spread of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant underscores importance analyzing cross-protection from previous non-Omicron infection. We have developed a high-throughput neutralization assay for by engineering spike gene into an mNeonGreen USA-WA1/2020 (isolated in January 2020). Using this assay, we determine titers (defined as maximal serum dilution that inhibited 50% infectious virus) patient sera collected at 1- or 6-months after infection with SARS-CoV-2. From to 6-month post-infection,...
Abstract We report a live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate with (i) re-engineered viral transcription regulator sequences and (ii) deleted open-reading-frames (ORF) 3, 6, 7, 8 (∆3678). The ∆3678 virus replicates about 7,500-fold lower than wild-type on primary human airway cultures, but restores its replication interferon-deficient Vero-E6 cells that are approved for production. is highly attenuated in both hamster K18-hACE2 mouse models. A single-dose immunization of the protects...
Abstract The newly emerged Omicron SARS-CoV-2 has several distinct sublineages including BA.1, BA.2, and BA.3. BA.1 accounts for the initial surge is being replaced by whereas BA.3 at a low prevalence this time. Here we report neutralization of BNT162b2-vaccinated sera (collected 1 month after dose 3) against three sublineages. To facilitate testing, have engineered complete or spike into an mNeonGreen USA-WA1/2020 SRAS-CoV-2. All neutralize USA-WA1/2020, BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.3-spike SARS-CoV-2s...
The highly mutated BA.2.86, with over 30 spike protein mutations in comparison to Omicron BA.2 and XBB.1.5 variants, has raised concerns about its potential evade COVID-19 vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection-elicited immunity. In this study, we employ a live neutralization assay compare the evasion ability of BA.2.86 other emerged subvariants, including BA.2-derived CH.1.1, Delta-Omicron recombinant XBC.1.6, XBB descendants XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.2.3, EG.5.1 FL.1.5.1. Our results show...
Flaviviruses are arthropod-borne viruses that constitute a major global health problem, with millions of human infections annually. Their pathogenesis ranges from mild illness to severe manifestations such as hemorrhagic fever and fatal encephalitis. Type I interferons (IFNs) induced in response viral infection stimulate the expression interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), including encoding viperin (virus-inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum associated, IFN inducible), which shows...
Genetic variation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the emergence and rapid spread multiple variants throughout pandemic, which Omicron is currently predominant variant circulating worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 concern/variants interest (VOC/VOI) have evidence increased viral transmission, disease severity, or decreased effectiveness vaccines neutralizing antibodies. Remdesivir (RDV [VEKLURY]) a nucleoside analog prodrug first FDA-approved antiviral...
Abstract The BNT162b2 bivalent BA.4/5 COVID-19 vaccine has been authorized to mitigate due current Omicron and potentially future variants. New sublineages of SARS-CoV-2 continue emerge have acquired additional mutations, particularly in the spike protein, that may lead improved viral fitness immune evasion. present study characterized neutralization activities against new BA.4.6, BA.2.75.2, BQ.1.1, XBB.1 after a 4 th dose (following three doses BNT162b2) either original monovalent or...
Distinct SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages have evolved showing increased fitness and immune evasion than the original variant BA.1. Here, we report neutralization activity of sera from BNT162b2 vaccinated individuals or unimmunized BA.1-infected against "Deltacron" (XD). post-dose 3 neutralized USA-WA1/2020, BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.2.12.1-, BA.3-, BA.4/5-, XD-spike SARS-CoV-2s with geometric mean titres (GMTs) 1335, 393, 298, 315, 216, 103, 301, respectively; thus, BA.4/5 spike showed highest...
Omicron has been shown to predominantly use the endosomal entry pathway, resulting in reduced lung tropism and disease severity; however, underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In addition, whether most recent subvariants, including BA.5 BA.2.75, same pathway as their ancestor for currently known.
Although type I interferons (IFNs)—key effectors of antiviral innate immunity are known to be induced via different pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the cellular source and relative contribution PRRs in host protection against viral infection is often unclear. IPS-1 a downstream adaptor for retinoid-inducible gene (RIG-I)-like receptor signaling. In this study, we investigate immune response brain regions during with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), flavivirus that causes variety...
Abstract The newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BQ.1.1, XBB.1, and other sublineages have accumulated additional spike mutations that may affect vaccine effectiveness. Here we report neutralizing activities of three human serum panels collected from individuals 1-3 months after dose 4 parental mRNA (post-dose-4), 1 month a BA.5-bivalent-booster (BA.5-bivalent-booster), or with previous infection (BA.5-bivalent-booster-infection). Post-dose-4 sera neutralized USA-WA1/2020, BA.5, BF.7, BA.4.6,...
The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages mandates a better understanding viral replication and cross-neutralization among these sublineages. Here we used K18-hACE2 mice primary human airway cultures to examine the fitness antigenic relationship In both cultures, exhibited order BA.5 ≥ BA.2 BA.2.12.1 > BA.1; no difference in body weight loss was observed different sublineage-infected mice. BA.1-, BA.2-, BA.2.12.1-, BA.5-infected developed distinguishable cross-neutralizations...
Flaviviruses are a group of diverse and emerging arboviruses an immense global health problem. A number flaviviruses neurotropic, causing severe encephalitis even death. Type I interferons (IFNs) the first line defense innate immune system against flavivirus infection. IFNs elicit concerted action numerous interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) to restrict both virus infection replication. Viperin (virus-inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, IFN-inducible) is ISG with...
Abstract The Omicron SARS-CoV-2 has several distinct sublineages, among which sublineage BA.1 is responsible for the initial surge and now being replaced by BA.2 worldwide, whereas BA.3 currently at a low frequency. ongoing BA.1-to-BA.2 replacement underscores importance to understand cross-neutralization three sublineages. Here we test neutralization of BA.1-infected human sera against BA.2, BA.3, USA/WA1-2020 (a strain isolated in late January 2020). neutralize BA.1, SARS-CoV-2s with...
Since the initial emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron BA.1, several sublineages have emerged, leading to BA.5 as current dominant sublineage. Here, we report neutralization different by human sera collected from individuals who had distinct mRNA vaccination and/or BA.1 infection. Four-dose-vaccine neutralize original USA-WA1/2020, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.3, and BA.4/5 viruses with geometric mean titers (GMTs) 1,554, 357, 236, 165, 95, respectively;...
Abstract The highly mutated BA.2.86, with over 30 spike protein mutations in comparison to Omicron BA.2 and XBB.1.5 variants, has raised concerns about its potential evade COVID-19 vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection-elicited immunity. In this study, we employ a live neutralization assay compare the evasion ability of BA.2.86 other emerged subvariants, including BA.2-derived CH.1.1, Delta-Omicron recombinant XBC.1.6, XBB descendants XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, XBB.2.3, EG.5.1 FL.1.5.1. Our...
Abstract Deposition of extensively hyperphosphorylated tau in specific brain cells is a clear pathological hallmark Alzheimer's disease and number other neurodegenerative disorders, collectively termed the tauopathies. Furthermore, hyperphosphorylation prevents it from fulfilling its physiological role as microtubule‐stabilizing protein leaves increasingly vulnerable to self‐assembly, suggestive central underlying contributing factor etiology these diseases. Via vitro phosphorylation...
Abstract We report the antibody neutralization against Omicron SARS-CoV-2 after 2 and 3 doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Vaccinated individuals were serially tested for their wild-type (strain USA-WA1/2020) an engineered USA-WA1/2020 bearing spike glycoprotein. Plaque reduction results showed that at or 4 weeks post-dose-2, geometric mean titers (GMTs) 511 20 Omicron-spike viruses, respectively, suggesting two not sufficient to elicit robust Omicron; 1 month post-dose-3, GMTs increased 1342...
SARS-CoV-2 variants bearing complex combinations of mutations were first detected after S:D614G had gone to fixation. Consistent with the hypothesis that variant emergence was contingent upon S:D614G, infectivity shown here be dependent S:D614G. lineages propagated in absence found either S:Q613H or S:H655Y. S:Q613H, and S:H655Y each stabilized Spike on virions but dispensable S1/S2 cleavage. CryoEM a single molecule assay for RBD conformation revealed shift towards open required...
Since the initial emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1, several sublineages have emerged, leading to BA.5 as current dominant sublineage. Here we report neutralization different by human sera collected from individuals who had distinct mRNA vaccination and/or BA.1 infection. Four-dose-vaccine neutralize original USA-WA1/2020, BA.2, BA.212.1, BA.3, and BA.4/5 viruses with geometric mean titers (GMTs) 1554, 357, 236, 165, 95, respectively; 2-dose-vaccine-plus-BA.1-infection exhibit GMTs 2114,...