A5043374942- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- interferon and immune responses
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2015-2024
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
2015-2024
J. Craig Venter Institute
2014-2024
University of Washington
2024
Fogarty International Center
2024
National Institutes of Health
2015-2024
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
2024
Fred Hutch Cancer Center
2024
National Institute of Infectious Diseases
2024
The Francis Crick Institute
2024
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a receptor for SARS-CoV, the novel coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome [Li, W. Moore, M. J., Vasilieva, N., Sui, Wong, S. K., Berne, A., Somasundaran, M., Sullivan, J. L., Luzuriaga, Greenough, T. C., et al. (2003) Nature 426, 450–454]. We have identified different human cellular glycoprotein can serve as an alternative SARS-CoV. A lung cDNA library in vesicular stomatitis virus G pseudotyped retrovirus was transduced into...
Pandemic influenza A viruses that emerge from animal reservoirs are inevitable. Therefore, rapid genomic analysis and creation of vaccines vital. We developed a multisegment reverse transcription-PCR (M-RTPCR) approach simultaneously amplifies eight RNA segments, irrespective virus subtype. M-RTPCR amplicons can be used for high-throughput sequencing and/or cloned into modified reverse-genetics plasmids via regions sequence identity. these procedures to rescue contemporary H3N2 swine origin...
The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent implementation of nonpharmaceutical interventions (e.g., cessation global travel, mask use, physical distancing, staying home) reduced transmission some viral respiratory pathogens (1). In the United States, influenza activity decreased in March 2020, was historically low through summer 2020 (2), remained during October 2020-May 2021 (<0.4% specimens with positive test results for each week season). Circulation other pathogens, including syncytial virus...
During the 2015-16 influenza season (October 4, 2015-May 21, 2016) in United States, activity* was lower and peaked later compared with previous three seasons (2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15). Activity remained low from October 2015 until late December mid-March 2016. most recent 18 (including this season), only two other have March (2011-12 2005-06). Overall activity moderate season, a percentage of outpatient visits for influenza-like illness (ILI),(†) hospitalization rates, deaths attributed...
The United States 2017-18 influenza season (October 1, 2017-May 19, 2018) was a high severity with levels of outpatient clinic and emergency department visits for influenza-like illness (ILI), influenza-related hospitalization rates, elevated geographically widespread activity across the country an extended period. Nationally, ILI began increasing in November, reaching period during January-February, remaining through March. Influenza A(H3N2) viruses predominated February were predominant...
A complex interplay of viral, host, and ecological factors shapes the spatio-temporal incidence evolution human influenza viruses. Although considerable attention has been paid to viruses, a lack equivalent data means that an integrated evolutionary epidemiological framework until now not available for B despite their significant disease burden. Through analysis over 900 full genomes from collection more than 26,000 strains Australia New Zealand, we reveal fundamental differences in...
Genomic surveillance is a critical tool for tracking emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), which can exhibit characteristics potentially affect public health and clinical interventions, including increased transmissibility, illness severity, capacity immune escape. During June 2021-January 2022, CDC expanded genomic data sources to incorporate sequence from repositories produce weighted estimates variant proportions at the jurisdiction level refined analytic...
Abstract Background Increased illness due to antigenically drifted A(H3N2) clade 3C.3a influenza viruses prompted concerns about vaccine effectiveness (VE) and strain selection. We used US virologic surveillance Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness (Flu VE) Network data evaluate consequences of this clade. Methods Distribution was described using data. The Flu VE enrolled ambulatory care patients aged ≥6 months with acute respiratory at 5 sites. Respiratory specimens were tested for by means...
In the United States, annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months. Each season since 2004-05, CDC has estimated effectiveness of vaccine to prevent influenza-associated, medically attended acute respiratory illness (ARI). This report uses data from 2,319 children and adults enrolled in U.S. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness (Flu VE) Network during December 2, 2013-January 23, 2014, estimate an interim adjusted preventing laboratory-confirmed...
CDC has used national genomic surveillance since December 2020 to monitor SARS-CoV-2 variants that have emerged throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, including Omicron variant. This report summarizes U.S. trends in variant proportions from during January 2022-May 2023. During this period, remained predominant, with various descendant lineages reaching predominance (>50% prevalence). first half of 2022, BA.1.1 reached by week ending 8, followed BA.2 (March 26), BA.2.12.1 (May 14), and BA.5 (July...
ABSTRACT Human coronavirus HCoV-229E uses human aminopeptidase N (hAPN) as its receptor (C. L. Yeager et al., Nature 357: 420-422, 1992). To identify the receptor-binding domain of viral spike glycoprotein (S), we expressed soluble truncated histidine-tagged S glycoproteins by using baculovirus expression vectors. Truncated proteins purified nickel affinity chromatography were shown to be glycosylated and react with polyclonal anti-HCoV-229E antibodies monoclonal protein. A protein (S 547 )...
Populations of seasonal influenza virus experience strong annual bottlenecks that pose a considerable extinction risk. It has been suggested an source population located in tropical Southeast or East Asia seeds temperate epidemics. Here we investigate the dynamics and migration patterns A H3N2 by analysis samples obtained from 2003 to 2006 Australia, Europe, Japan, New York, Zealand, Asia, newly sequenced viruses Hong Kong. In contrast epidemics, relatively low levels relative genetic...
Synthesis of viral genes from sequence information allows rapid generation influenza vaccine viruses, facilitating responses to pandemics.
ABSTRACT Influenza virus defective interfering (DI) particles are naturally occurring noninfectious virions typically generated during in vitro serial passages cell culture of the at a high multiplicity infection. DI recognized for role they play inhibiting viral replication and impact have on production infectious virions. To date, influenza been reported primarily as phenomenon experimentally infected embryonated chicken eggs. They also isolated from respiratory infection chickens. Using...
ABSTRACT Influenza A(H3N2) viruses became widespread in humans during the 1968 H3N2 virus pandemic and have been a major cause of influenza epidemics ever since. These evolve continuously by reassortment genomic evolution. Antigenic drift is for need to update vaccines frequently. Using two data sets that span entire period circulation human viruses, it was shown evolution can be mapped 13 antigenic clusters. Here we analyzed full genomes 286 from these investigate patterns. Numerous events...
The complex and unresolved evolutionary origins of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic exposed major gaps in our knowledge global spatial ecology evolution A viruses swine (swIAVs). Here we undertake an expansive phylogenetic analysis swIAV sequence data demonstrate that live trade strongly predicts dissemination swIAVs, with Europe North America acting as sources Asian countries. In contrast, China has world's largest population but is not a exporter swine, important source swIAVs neighbouring...
Alveolar macrophages (AM) are one of the key cell types for initiating inflammatory and immune responses to influenza virus in lung. However, genome-wide changes response infection AM have not been defined. We performed gene profiling human H1N1 A PR/8 using Affymetrix HG-U133 Plus 2.0 chips verified at both mRNA protein levels by real-time RT-PCR ELISA. confirmed with a contemporary H3N2 A/New York/238/2005 (NY/238). To understand local cellular response, we also evaluated impact paracrine...
Background Since its initial detection in April 2009, the A/H1N1pdm influenza virus has spread rapidly humans, with over 5,700 human deaths. However, little is known about evolutionary dynamics of H1N1pdm and geographic temporal diversification.Methods Phylogenetic analysis was conducted upon concatenated coding regions whole-genome sequences from 290 isolates sampled globally between 1 - July 9, including relatively large samples US states Wisconsin New York. Results At least 7...
Influenza A viruses are human and animal pathogens that cause morbidity mortality, which range from mild to severe. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic was caused by the emergence of a reassortant subtype (H1N1pdm) influenza virus containing gene segments originally circulated in human, avian, swine reservoirs. molecular determinants replication pathogenesis H1N1pdm humans other mammals poorly understood. Therefore, we set out elucidate viral critical this novel using mouse model. We found...