A5043851359- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
- Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies
- Multimedia Communication and Technology
- Management and Organizational Studies
- N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Organic and Inorganic Chemistry
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services
- Surface Modification and Superhydrophobicity
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Respiratory viral infections research
Kingston University
2011-2025
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center
2023
Trinitas Regional Medical Center
2021-2023
Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
2021
St. George's University
2021
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2021
University of Bristol
2005-2019
Keele University
2018-2019
Charles River Laboratories (United Kingdom)
2019
University of California, Davis
2018
The importance of receptor binding in the potent immunogenicity Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (EtxB) was tested by comparing its immunogical properties with those a mutant, EtxB(G33D). Subcutaneous immunization EtxB(G33D) resulted 160-fold reduction antibody titer compared wild-type EtxB, whereas oral delivery failed to provoke any detectable secretory or serum anti-B responses. Moreover, two proteins induced strikingly different effects on lymphocyte cultures vitro....
Journal Article Biofilm formation by Helicobacter pylori Get access R. M. Stark, Stark University of Bristol, Department Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. J. Gerwig, Gerwig Bijvoet Center, Bio‐Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands S. Pitman, Pitman Pathology and Microbiology, Walk L. F. Potts, Potts Southmead Hospital, UK N. A. Williams, Williams Greenman, Greenman Faculty Applied Sciences, the...
Abstract The in vitro production of a variety cytokines by lymphocytes isolated from spleen mesenteric lymph node (MLN), Peyer's patches (PP) and lamina propria (LP) was measured, after oral immunization with keyhole limpet hemacyanin using cholera toxin as an adjuvant. LP responses were characterized very high levels interleukin (IL) 4, IL 5 6 lower 2 interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). PP had than but higher 2, IFN‐γ only present at low this organ. MLN pattern cytokine similar to the did produce IFN‐γ....
Immunocytochemistry on serial paraffin sections was used to monitor the production dynamics of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α) viral antigens in trigeminal ganglion (TG) central side dorsal root entry zone (DRE) mice, following infection cornea with herpes simplex virus type 1. In normal TG, scattered satellite cells were TNF-α DRE, and/or low numbers IL-6 detected. On day 3 after infection, foci TG neurons surrounded by large cells. IL-2 IL-4 appeared later, when had...
GM1-ganglioside receptor binding by the B subunit of cholera toxin (CtxB) is widely accepted to initiate action triggering uptake and delivery A into cells. More recently, GM1 isolated CtxB, or related Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB), has been found modulate leukocyte function, resulting in down-regulation proinflammatory immune responses that cause autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis diabetes. Here, we demonstrate binding, contrary expectation, not sufficient...
We describe a method for immunohistochemical localization of T-cells, CD4+ CD8+ B-cells, activated lymphocytes, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes in rat mouse tissue fixed periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) embedded paraffin. Rat spleen eyes were PLP 18-24 hr, rapidly dehydrated, infiltrated under vacuum with paraffin at 54 degrees C, sectioned, stained appropriate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Sections PLP-fixed,...
The upper respiratory tract mucosa is the location for commensal Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae colonization and therefore represents a major site of contact between host bacteria. CD4(+) T cell response to pneumococcus increasingly recognised as an important mediator immunity that protects against invasive disease, with data suggesting critical role Th17 cells in mucosal clearance. By assessing CD4 proliferative responses we demonstrate age-related sequestration Th1 reactive pneumococcal...
Abstract Subunit vaccines use delivery platforms to present minimal antigenic components for immunization. The benefits of such systems include multivalency, self‐adjuvanting properties, and more specific immune responses. Previously, the design, synthesis, characterization self‐assembling peptide cages (SAGEs) have been reported. In these, de novo peptides are combined make hubs that assemble into nanoparticles when mixed in aqueous solution. Here it is shown SAGEs nontoxic particles with...
In this study, analytical models and numerical finite element analysis (FEA) were used to accurately determine the interphase properties elastic modulus of both untreated esterified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)/epoxy bio-nanocomposites. This was achieved by incorporating an region around CNC particles, with that vary between those nanofiller matrix. Experimental techniques for measuring properties, such as atomic force microscopy nanoindentation, are useful but sensitive sample preparation...
N. A. Williams, Y. Uchimaru and M. Tanaka, J. Chem. Soc., Commun., 1995, 1129 DOI: 10.1039/C39950001129
The B subunits of cholera toxin (CtxB) and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) are non-toxic lectins that bind cross-link a ubiquitous cell glycolipid receptor, ganglioside GM1, recognized as potent mucosal systemic immunogens. Here we examine the role EtxB receptor occupancy in modulating activation cells, vitro, primary lymphocyte cultures containing T cells. When 48-hr spleen were compared with those presence non-receptor binding mutant, EtxB(G33D), marked shift ratio CD4+...
Abstract A major problem in generating effective antitumor CTL responses is that most tumors express self-antigens to which the immune system rendered unresponsive due mechanisms of self-tolerance induction. precursors (CTLp) expressing high-affinity T-cell receptors (TCR) are often functionally deleted from repertoire, leaving a residual repertoire CTLp having only low-affinity TCR. Furthermore, even when unique antigens expressed, their presentation by dendritic cells (DC) may predispose...
A blended learning approach to the teaching of a level 2 inorganic chemistry module is presented. Lectures were replaced by study packs, which supported formative on-line assessment delivered via Blackboard and programme 20 workshops. Learning activities written using Lockwood format included in pack facilitate active learning. The assessments designed provide rapid helpful feedback students advance tracking gradebook facilities allowed staff monitor student activity progress. Attendance at...
BackgroundStreptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of vaccine-preventable disease worldwide. Pneumococcal protein antigens are currently under study as components potential vaccines that offer protection against multiple serotypes. We have therefore characterized T cell pneumococcal immunity acquired through asymptomatic carriage MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cells from 40 healthy Gambian adults were stimulated with supernatants derived S. strain (D39), 2 isogenic mutant strains...
African adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have high rates of pneumococcal colonization and invasive disease. Here we investigated the possibility that HIV disrupts normal balance pneumococcal-specific helper T cell (Th) 1/Th17 immunity to colonization, resulting in a more permissive nasopharyngeal niche.
Possibilities of the development new anti-erosion coatings for wind turbine blade surface protection on basis nanoengineered polymers are explored. Coatings with graphene and hybrid nanoreinforcements tested their performance, using single point impact fatigue testing (SPIFT) methodology. It is demonstrated that (graphene/silica) reinforced polymer can provide better erosion lifetimes up to 13 times longer than non-reinforced polyurethanes. Thermal effects energy dissipation during repeated...