Summary Micro RNA s (mi s) are small that regulate the expression of target genes post‐transcriptionally; they known to play major roles in development and responses abiotic stress. mi R 408 is a highly conserved plants responds availability copper targets encoding copper‐containing proteins. It was recently recognized be an important component HY 5– SPL 7 gene network mediates coordinated response light copper, illustrating its central role environment. Expression significantly affected by...

Abstract The abscission process is initiated by changes in the auxin gradient across zone (AZ) and triggered ethylene. Although gene expression have been correlated with ethylene-mediated execution of abscission, there almost no information on molecular biochemical basis increased AZ sensitivity to We examined transcriptome tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Shiran 1335’) flower during rapid acquisition ethylene following removal, which depletes from auxin, or without preexposure...

Dunaliella bardawil, a halotolerant green alga, was previously shown to accumulate high concentrations of beta-carotene when grown outdoors under defined conditions. The algae cultivated light intensity in media containing salt concentration is composed approximately 50% all-trans and 40% 9-cis beta-carotene. We show here that the ratio proportional integral which are exposed during division cycle. In cells continuous white 2000 microeinsteins per square meter second, reached value around...

Abstract Nuclease I enzymes are responsible for the degradation of RNA and single-stranded DNA during several plant growth developmental processes, including senescence. However, in case senescence corresponding genes have not been reported. We describe identification characterization BFN1 Arabidopsis, demonstrate that it is a senescence-associated nuclease gene. shows high similarity to sequence barley induced germination zinnia (Zinnia elegans) xylogenesis. In transgenic plants...

Little is known about the biological role of nucleases induced during plant senescence and programmed cell death (PCD). Arabidopsis BFN1 has been identified as a senescence-associated type I nuclease, whose protein sequence shares high homology with some other senescence- or PCD-associated nucleases. To learn regulation, its expression pattern was analysed. A 2.3 kb portion 5′ promoter cloned ability to activate GUS reporter gene examined. Transgenic tomato plants harbouring this chimeric...

Abstract Abscission occurs specifically in the abscission zone (AZ) tissue as a natural stage of plant development. Previously, we observed delay tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaf when LX ribonuclease (LX) was inhibited. The known association between expression and programmed cell death (PCD) suggested involvement PCD abscission. In this study, hallmarks were identified flower AZs during late These included loss viability, altered nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation, elevated levels...

Leaf senescence is a programmed developmental process governed by various endogenous and exogenous factors, such as the plant stage, leaf age, phytohormone levels, darkness, exposure to stresses. It was found that, in addition its well-documented role enhancement of frost tolerance, overexpression C-repeat/dehydration responsive element binding factor 2 (CBF2) gene Arabidopsis delayed onset extended life span plants approximately weeks. This phenomenon exhibited both during detached leaves...

The mango belongs to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees in flowering plant family, Anacardiaceae. Postharvest treatment by hot water brushing (HWB) for 15-20 s was introduced commercially improve fruit quality and reduce postharvest disease. This enabled successful storage 3-4 weeks at 12°C, with improved color reduced disease development, but it enhanced lenticel discoloration on peel. We investigated global gene expression induced peel HWB treatment,...

Dunaliella bardawil, a unicellular green alga that can be induced to accumulate massive amounts of beta-carotene, is particularly suitable for studies carotenogenesis regulation and its links developmental adaptive processes in the chloroplast. A cDNA clone corresponding transcript accumulating coordinately with induction was isolated by differential hybridization library made from intensely illuminated cells. This also abundant algal mutants able beta-carotene under relatively low light...

The massive accumulation of beta-carotene by the halotolerant micro alga Dunaliella bardawil, in response to high light intensity and several other environmental factors, has been studied so far under different sets fixed conditions. To determine kinetics characteristics induction accumulation, cells continuously grown white approximately 27 microeinsteins per square meter second were exposed 1650 second. accumulate two stages: first stage, lasting for 24 hours, starts shortly after...

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber, a swollen underground stem, is used as model system for the study of dormancy release and sprouting. Natural release, at room temperature, initiated by tuber apical bud meristem (TAB-meristem) sprouting characterized dominance (AD). Dormancy shortened treatments such bromoethane (BE), which mimics phenotype in cold storage inducing early several buds simultaneously. We studied mechanisms governing TAB-meristem release. decapitation resulted development...

Abstract MicroRNAs ( miRNAs ) are a class of small RNAs , which typically function by guiding cleavage target mRNAs . They known to play roles in variety plant processes including development, responses environmental stresses and senescence. To identify senescence regulation A rabidopsis thaliana eight RNA libraries were constructed sequenced at four different stages development from both leaves siliques, resulting more than 200 million genome‐matched sequences. Parallel analysis ends...

Plant organ growth is widely accepted to be determined by cell division and expansion, but, unlike that in animals, the contribution of elimination has rarely been recognized. We investigated this paradigm during Arabidopsis lateral root formation, when primordia (LRP) must traverse three overlying layers within parent root. A subset LRP-overlying cells displayed induction marker genes for types undergoing developmental death, their death was detected electron, confocal, light sheet...

Although present in different organisms and conserved their protein sequence, the biological functions of T2 ribonucleases (RNase) are generally unknown. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) LX is a T2/S-like RNase its expression known to be associated with phosphate starvation, ethylene responses, senescence programmed cell death. In this study, function was investigated using antisense tomato plants which level reduced. levels normally become elevated when leaves senesce inhibition retarded...

Most `Flavortop' nectarines [ Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Nectarine Group)] that were placed directly into 0 °C storage developed chilling injury after removal, while preconditioning fruit for 2 days at 20 (delayed storage) reduced substantially. Chilling was expressed as the development of a dry, woolly flesh texture during ripening. Delayed-storage firm control when in storage, but softened more storage. Analysis cell wall components showed higher percentage pectin retained sodium...

‘Red Rosa’, a Japanese type plum, was treated with 0.1 ppm 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 20 h at 20˚C harvest and then held ripening together untreated fruit, or placed 0˚C storage 5 weeks. Another batch of plums were exposed to 15 ethylene during 0˚C. Fruits directly after 1-MCP treatment had lower production softened more slowly than fruits. Following storage, both the ethylene-treated 1-MCP-treated fruits low in They also showed exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG) endo-glucanase (EGase)...

Peach fruit ( Prunus persica cv. Hermosa) were allowed to ripen immediately after harvest or 30 days of 0°C storage. The fruits lost 75–80% their firmness 5 at 20°C. During ripening there was a loss both uronic acid and methyl groups from the cell wall. Cell wall labelling with JIM 7, monoclonal antibody which recognized pectins high degree methylation, lower in ripe than freshly harvested fruits. However, walls did not cross‐react 5, recognizes low methylation. storage, de‐methylation...