A5043898926- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Sleep and related disorders
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treatments
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
2020-2023
National Institutes of Health
2021-2023
Amicus Therapeutics (United States)
2023
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2023
Montefiore Medical Center
2023
Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) show elevated brain metabolism of acetate at the expense glucose. We hypothesized that a shift in energy substrates during withdrawal may contribute to severity and neurotoxicity AUD ketogenic diet (KD) mitigate these effects. found inpatients randomized receive KD (n = 19) required fewer benzodiazepines first week detoxification, comparison those receiving standard American (SA) 14). Over 3-week treatment, compared SA showed lower "wanting"...
BACKGROUNDCertain components of rest-activity rhythms such as greater eveningness (delayed phase), physical inactivity (blunted amplitude), and shift work (irregularity) are associated with increased risk for drug use. Dopaminergic (DA) signaling has been hypothesized to mediate the associations, though clinical evidence is lacking.METHODSWe examined associations between rhythm striatal D1 (D1R) D2/3 receptor (D2/3R) availability in 32 healthy adults (12 female, 20 male; age 42.40 ± 12.22...
Abstract Sex differences in the prevalence of dopamine-related neuropsychiatric diseases and sensitivity to dopamine-boosting drugs such as stimulants is well recognized. Here we assessed whether there are sex brain dopamine system humans that could contribute these effects. We analyzed data from two independent [ 11 C]raclopride PET imaging studies measured methylphenidate-induced increases striatum using different routes administration (Cohort A = oral 60 mg; Cohort B intravenous 0.5...
Abstract Here we assessed changes in subcortical volumes alcohol use disorder (AUD). A simple morphometry-based classifier (MC) was developed to identify that distinguished 32 healthy controls (HCs) from 33 AUD patients, who were scanned twice, during early and later withdrawal, assess the effect of abstinence on MC-features (Discovery cohort). We validated novel an independent Validation cohort (19 patients 20 HCs). MC-accuracy reached 80% (Discovery) 72% (Validation). MC features included...
Background: There are known sex differences in behavioral and clinical outcomes associated with drugs of abuse, including cannabis. However, little is about how chronic cannabis use interact to affect brain structure, particularly regions high cannabinoid receptor expression, such as the cerebellum, amygdala, hippocampus. Based on data suggesting that females may be vulnerable effects use, we hypothesized lower volumes these female users. We also poorer sleep quality among users, given...
Abstract The faster a drug enters the brain, greater its addictive potential, yet brain circuits underlying rate dependency to reward remain unresolved. With simultaneous PET-fMRI we linked dynamics of dopamine signaling, activity/connectivity, and self-reported ‘high’ in 20 adults receiving methylphenidate orally (results slow delivery) intravenously fast (trial NCT03326245). We estimated speed striatal increases oral IV then tested where activity was associated with (primary endpoint)....
Dopamine facilitates cognition and is implicated in reward processing. Methylphenidate, a dopamine transporter blocker widely used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, can have rewarding addictive effects if injected. Since methylphenidate's brain uptake much faster after intravenous than oral intake, we hypothesize that the speed of increases striatum addition its amplitude underly drug reward. To test this use simulations PET data [11C]raclopride's binding displacement with...
Abstract Sleep disturbances are prominent in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and predict relapse. So far, the mechanisms underlying sleep disruptions AUD poorly understood. Because sleep-related regions vastly overlap regions, where showed pronounced grey matter (GM) reduction; we hypothesized that GM structure could contribute to associated chronic use. We combined EEG recording high-resolution structural brain imaging examine GM-sleep associations 36 vs. 26 healthy controls (HC)....
Dopamine signaling plays a critical role in shaping brain functional network organization and behavior. Prominent theories suggest the relative expression of D1- to D2-like dopamine receptors shapes excitatory versus inhibitory signaling, with broad consequences for cognition. Yet it remains unknown how balance between cortical D1R D2R coordinates activity connectivity networks human brain. To address this, we collected three PET scans two fMRI 36 healthy adults (13 female/23 male; average...
Abstract Eye-blink rate has been proposed as a biomarker of the brain dopamine system, however, findings have not consistent. This study assessed relationship between blink rates, measured after oral placebo) (PL) and challenge with methylphenidate (MP; 60 mg) striatal D1 receptor (D1R) (measured at baseline) D2 (D2R) availability PL MP) in healthy participants. PET measures baseline D1R ([ 11 C]NNC112) (BL-D1R) D2R C]raclopride) (PL-D2R) MP (MP-D2R) were quantified striatum non-displaceable...
The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and global functional connectivity density (gFCD) are fMRI (Functional MRI) metrics widely used to assess resting brain function. However, their differential sensitivity stimulant-induced dopamine (DA) increases, including the rate DA rise relationship between them, have not been investigated. Here we used, simultaneous PET-fMRI examine association dynamic changes in striatal activity as assessed by ALFF gFCD, following placebo, intravenous...
Abstract Iron loading has been consistently reported in those with alcohol use disorder (AUD), but its effect on the clinical course of disease is not yet fully understood. Here, we conducted a cohort study to examine whether peripheral iron measures, genetic variation HFE rs1799945 and their interaction differed between 594 inpatient participants (AUD) undergoing detoxification 472 healthy controls (HC). We also assessed was associated elevated can serve as predictor withdrawal severity....
Abstract Background/Aims Traditional manual methods of extracting anesthetic and physiological data from the electronic health record rely upon visual transcription by a human analyst that can be labor‐intensive prone to error. Technical complexity, relative inexperience in computer coding, decreased access warehouses deter investigators obtaining valuable for research studies, especially under‐resourced settings. We therefore aimed develop, pilot, demonstrate effectiveness utility pragmatic...
We use a simple two-trial odor recognition paradigm to test memory duration, span, and specificity in adult mice. Our allows mice encode and/or recall multiple odors one trial necessitates no training or food/water deprivation. show that this can be used for encoding testing of single trials, leading shorter behavioral testing. Using paradigm, we remember up 10 but more than 15 min two 5 min. Mice could not 3 at any delays tested here. also the encoded decreases as delay increases. results...
Abstract Dopamine facilitates cognition and is implicated in reward processing. Methylphenidate, a dopamine enhancing medication widely used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, has rewarding addictive effects if injected. Since methylphenidate’s brain uptake much faster when injected than taken orally, we hypothesized that the amplitude speed of release striatum would underly drug reward. To test this hypothesis developed non-invasive method assess methylphenidate-related...
Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbances are very common in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and contribute to relapse. Recovery of N3 sleep within the first 30 days abstinence is limited. Brain mechanisms associated with recovery AUD still poorly understood. Methods We examined brain functional structural changes inter-individual differences patients (9 Females, mean age: 41 years) undergoing a 3-week inpatient detoxification. measured patients’ sleep, resting state connectivity (RSFC), grey...