Puccinia psidii has long been considered a significant threat to Australian plant industries and ecosystems. In April 2010, P. was detected for the first time in Australia on central coast of New South Wales (NSW). The fungus spread rapidly along east December 2010 found Queensland (Qld) followed by Victoria year later. initially restricted southeastern part Qld but as far north Mossman. Qld, 48 species Myrtaceae are highly or extremely susceptible disease. impact individual trees shrubs...

BACKGROUND: Pathogen reduction technologies for platelet (PLT) components offer a means to address continued viral transmission risks and imperfect bacterial detection systems. The efficacy of apheresis PLTs treated with riboflavin (vitamin B2) plus ultraviolet (UV) light (Mirasol, Navigant Biotechnologies) was investigated in single‐blind, crossover study comparison untreated PLTs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Normal subjects (n = 24) donated by on two occasions at least 2 weeks apart. Units...

The physiological effects of low energy availability (EA) have been studied using a homogenous daily EA pattern in laboratory settings. However, whether this represents those free-living athletes and is therefore ecologically valid unknown. To investigate this, we assessed exercise expenditure, intake 10 elite male road cyclists (20 min Mean Maximal Power: 5.27 ± 0.25 W · kg-1) during 7 consecutive days late pre-season training. Energy was measured the remote-food photography method...

Rectal temperatures (T R ) of 12 clinically healthy soldiers were measured in a room at 25.5°C and 40–45% relative humidity during 1-hour walk on motor driven treadmill 3.5 mph 10% grade, control with adequate food intake water ad libitum, period restriction. The daily the restriction was 900 ml for six men, Low Water group (L.W.), 1800 other six, High (H.W.). began same time as lasted 5 full days L.W. 10 H.W. group. Food restricted to 1000 calories from carbohydrate, 4.5 gm NaCl...

BACKGROUND: Extension of platelet (PLT) storage and concomitant use a bacterial detection system would provide logistical advantages by reducing outdating improving patient care through promotion the sensitive systems. This study evaluated in vitro characteristics vivo viability leukoreduced PLT units derived from PLT‐rich plasma stored for 5 days (control) versus 7 (test) CLX plastic containers. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two whole‐blood were collected each subject into leuko‐reduction...

The first known tetraploid amniote that reproduces through parthenogenetic cloning by individual females is named and described. species originated hybridization between Aspidoscelis exsanguis (triploid parthenogen) × inornata (diploid bisexual or gonochoristic species) in the laboratory. We compared multivariate morphological variation two lineages arose from separate F1 hybrid zygotes one clutch among several generations those lineages. also with its ancestral taxa, hybrids of A. were...

Background and Objectives Red blood cell (RBC) storage systems are licensed based on their ability to prevent haemolysis maintain RBC 24‐h in vivo recovery. Preclinical testing includes measurement of ATP as a surrogate for recovery, 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (DPG) oxygen affinity, free haemoglobin, which is indicative red lysis. The reproducibility ATP, DPG measurements between centres was investigated. Materials Methods Five, 4‐day‐old leucoreduced AS‐1 units were pooled, aliquotted shipped...

The natural origin of diploid parthenogenesis in whiptail lizards has been through interspecific hybridization. Genomes the parthenogens indicate that they originated one generation, as clone F1 hybrid state. In addition, hybridization between and males bisexual species resulted triploid parthenogenetic clones nature. Consequently, genus Aspidoscelis contains numerous gonochoristic (= bisexual) unisexual whose closest relatives are bisexual, from whom instantaneous sympatric speciation an...

The divergent whiptail lizard of Isla de San Esteban, Gulf California, differs from Cnemidophorus tigris in more morphological characters than any other form the complex. C. estebanensis, characterized by impressive differences size, color pattern, and scutellation, is regarded herein as specifically distinct tigris. Tiburon, with which estebanensis has sometimes been confused, allocated to gracilis instead aethiops, restricted southern Sonora, Mexico. i t e Esteban hiptail sis)

The carbohydrate deficit induced by exercise is thought to play a key role in increased post-exercise insulin action. However, the effects of replacing utilized during on postprandial glycaemia and sensitivity are yet be determined. This study therefore isolated extent which insulin-sensitizing dependent exercise, relative other exercise-mediated mechanisms. Fourteen healthy adults performed 90-min run at 70% V ˙ O 2 max starting 1600–1700 h before ingesting either non-caloric...

Annual hybridization is taking place between representatives of the parthenogenetic lizard Cnemidophorus tesselatus (2n = 46, 47) and males bisexual species C. tigris marmoratus 46) in desert grassland habitats at Arroyo del Macho, Chaves County, New Mexico. This raises question whether a new triploid may be originating as consequence this activity. Hybrids were collected each four years (1996–1999), 20 21 hybrids (12 8 females) available for study. Although (Cnemidophorus exsanguis 3n 69)...

A portable automated component collection system that produces double (2) units of leukoreduced RBCs (DRBCs) from a single donation was evaluated. This study analyzed quality the collected and final products, efficacy leukoreduction, donor safety.The used to collect 120 DRBCs. WBCs were removed 90 products with machine-controlled filtration. DRBCs in ACD-A stored AS-1 for 42 days at 1 6 degrees C. Pre- postprocedure vital signs hematologic parameters measured. Procedure time, product...

Hybridization between the unisexual Aspidoscelis dixoni and bisexual tigris punctilinealis in southwestern New Mexico is documented by observations analyses of external morphology (coloration, size, scalation), chromosomes (karyotypes), nuclear gene products (allozymes), mitochondrial DNA. The locality (Hidalgo County, Antelope Pass Peloncillo Mountains, centered at 10.5 km west Animas), consisting only a few square kilometers, place where this particular clone A. exists. Because its extreme...

We describe the second known tetraploid amniote that reproduces by parthenogenetic cloning. This all-female species of whiptail lizard originated in laboratory from hybridization between Aspidoscelis uniparens (triploid parthenogen) and inornatus (diploid bisexual species). Similar clonal lineages tetraploids arose at least 44 F1 hybrid females. These were produced 15 A. mated with several different males both New Mexico Arizona stock.Inheritance alleles eight microsatellite deoxyribonucleic...

The utilization of cryopreserved red blood cell (RBC) units had been limited by a maximum postdeglycerolization storage 24 hours at 1 to 6 degrees C until the recent development closed system for glycerolization and deglycerolization process.Sixty leukoreduced additive solution (AS), AS-1 (n = 30) AS-3 RBC from 500-mL whole (WB) collections were stored days, glycerolized, frozen -70 +/- 5 least 14 thawed, deglycerolized, 15 days C. Glycerolization performed with ACP 215. In-vitro variables...

CAGLE, F. R. 1948. Observations on a population of the salamander Amphiuma tridactylum (Cuvier). Ecology 29:479-491. 1954. life history Necturus louisianensis. Copeia 1954(4):257-260. DUFFY, McF. 1961. Cold dogs. La. Conserv. 13(1):5-6, 21. GUNNING, G. E. 1963. The concepts home range and homing in stream fishes. Ergeb. Biol. 26:202-215. AND C. SHOOP. Occupancy by longear sunfish, Lepomis m. megalotis (Rafinesque), bluegill, macrochirus Rafinesque. Anim. Behav. 11: 325-330. NEILL, W. T....

Aspidoscelis tesselata exhibits significant clonal diversity despite its recent origin (from hybridization between A. tigris marmorata and gularis septemvittata) parthenogenetic mode of reproduction. Two hypotheses have been advanced to explain the derivation genetic morphological variation: (1) separate lineages derived from several different F1 hybrid zygotes, (2) postformational mutations occurring in a lineage single zygote. We evaluated these competing with evidence skin transplant...

Is it correct, as is often assumed, that the clonal form of inheritance in parthenogenetic lizards results less variability than occurs with genetic recombination their sexually reproducing (gonochoristic) relatives? We tested this hypothesis by comparing morphological samples Aspidoscelis tesselata and several gonochoristic species whiptail lizards. To control for environmental factors might differentially affect embryonic development characters, we compared obtained from same or...

The parthenogenetic triploid lizard Aspidoscelis neotesselata originated from a hybridization event between female of diploid tesselata (pattern class C) and male sexlineata viridis, A. is morphologically more similar to its maternal progenitor, tesselata. geographic distribution characterized by localized arrays individuals located within four-county area in southeastern Colorado, postorigin divergence visually evident four allopatric color pattern classes (A, B, C, D). A fundamental...

Sumner Lake State Park, De Baca County, New Mexico, is the only known locality where three pattern classes of diploid, parthenogenetic Aspidoscelis tesselata (Sumner C, D, and E) coexist in syntopy. Reciprocal skin transplants confirmed that pronounced phenotypic differences between C E represent postformational genetic changes rather than separate hybridization origins. D meristically indistinguishable from considered to be a recent mutational derivative latter. In contrast, distinctly...