A5073483634- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Marine animal studies overview
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Microbial infections and disease research
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
The Pirbright Institute
2016-2025
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
2019
Frankfurt Zoological Society
2019
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
2019
Royal Veterinary College
2019
All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Health
2012-2018
University of Dhaka
2018
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé Animale
2014
Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute
2012
National Institute of Animal Health
2012
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus causes an acute vesicular of domesticated and wild ruminants pigs. Identifying sources FMD outbreaks is often confounded by incomplete epidemiological evidence the numerous routes which can spread (movements infected animals or their products, contaminated persons, objects, aerosols). Here, we show that in United Kingdom August 2007 were caused a derivative FMDV O(1) BFS 1860, strain handled at two laboratories located on single site Pirbright Surrey....
Estimating detailed transmission trees that reflect the relationships between infected individuals or populations during a disease outbreak often provides valuable insights into both nature of and overall dynamics underlying epidemiological process. These may be based on data relate to timing infection infectiousness, genetic show relatedness pathogens isolated from individuals. Genetic are becoming increasingly important in estimation viral due their inherently high mutation rate. Here, we...
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to quantify the extent which genetic diversity foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) arising over course infection an individual animal becomes fixed, is transmitted other animals, and thereby accumulates outbreak. Complete consensus sequences 23 genomes (each 8,200 nucleotides) FMDV were recovered directly from epithelium tissue acquired 21 farms infected a nearly 7-month period during 2001 outbreak in United Kingdom. An analysis these revealed very...
ABSTRACT The diverse sequences of viral populations within individual hosts are the starting material for selection and subsequent evolution RNA viruses such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Using next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed on a Genome Analyzer platform (Illumina), this study compared two bovine epithelial samples (foot lesions) from single animal with inoculum used to initiate experimental infection. Genomic were determined in duplicate runs, consensus sequence by NGS...
The accurate identification of the route transmission taken by an infectious agent through a host population is critical to understanding its epidemiology and informing measures for control. However, reconstruction routes during epidemic often underdetermined problem: data about location timings infections can be incomplete, inaccurate, compatible with large number different scenarios. For fast-evolving pathogens like RNA viruses, inference strengthened using genetic data, nowadays easily...
The epidemiology of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in North Africa is complicated by the co-circulation endemic FMD viruses (FMDV), as well sporadic incursions exotic viral strains from Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa. This report describes molecular characterization SAT 2 that have caused widespread field outbreaks Egypt during February March 2012. Phylogenetic analysis showed these fell into two distinct lineages within topotype VII, which were a contemporary lineage same toptype Libya....
Nucleotide sequences of field strains foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) contribute to our understanding the distribution evolution viral lineages that circulate in different regions world. This paper outlines a practical reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) sequencing strategy can be used generate RNA encoding VP1 (1D) region FMDV. The protocol contains panel PCR primers selected characterise genetically diverse isolates representing all seven FMDV serotypes. A list is...
Abstract In 2015, a mass die-off of ≈200,000 saiga antelopes in central Kazakhstan was caused by hemorrhagic septicemia attributable to the bacterium Pasteurella multocida serotype B. Previous analyses have indicated that environmental triggers associated with weather conditions, specifically air moisture and temperature region antelope calving during 10-day period running up event, were critical proliferation latent bacteria comparable conditions accompanying historically similar die-offs...
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a key role in the innate immune responses to both DNA and RNA virus infection. Here, we found that enterovirus 71 (EV-A71), Seneca Valley (SVV), foot-and-mouth disease (FMDV) infection triggered mitochondria damage mitochondrial (mtDNA) release vitro vivo . These were mediated by picornavirus 2B proteins which induced mtDNA during viral replication. SVV caused opening of permeability transition pore (mPTP) led voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1)-...
An outbreak of acute flaccid paralysis in Jamaica 1986 associated with echovirus type 22 is described. Six patients aged 1 to 27 years developed onset severe paralysis, inability walk. Three cases had facial weakness, four required intensive care assisted ventilation, and two died. Echovirus was isolated from the stool who showed a significant increase antibody titre. also another patient aseptic meningitis without any neurological deficit. There no evidence poliovirus infection these...
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks recently affected 2 countries (Japan and South Korea) in eastern Asia that were free of FMD without vaccination. Analysis viral protein 1 nucleotide sequences indicated serotype A O viruses caused these originated mainland Southeast to which are endemic.
A single-step, multiplex, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was developed for the simultaneous and differential laboratory diagnosis of Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) African (ASFV) alongside an exogenous internal control RNA (IC-RNA). Combining a single extraction methodology primer probe sets detection three target nucleic acids CSFV, ASFV IC-RNA, had no effect on analytical sensitivity assay new triplex RT-PCR comparable to standard PCR techniques CSFV diagnosis. After...
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is revolutionizing molecular epidemiology by providing new approaches to undertake whole genome sequencing (WGS) in diagnostic settings for a variety of human and veterinary pathogens. Previous protocols have been subject biases such as those encountered during PCR amplification cell culture, or are restricted the need large quantities starting material. We describe here simple robust methodology generation sequences on Illumina MiSeq. This protocol specific...