A5007149035- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Berberine and alkaloids research
New York University
2021-2024
Respiratory failure is associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients. There are no validated lower airway biomarkers to predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial respiratory infections were poor outcome of a prospective, observational cohort 589 critically ill adults, all whom required mechanical ventilation. For subset 142 patients who underwent bronchoscopy, we quantified SARS-CoV-2 viral load, analysed the tract microbiome using metagenomics and...
Abstract Patients with hematologic malignancies are a high priority for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, yet the benefit they will derive is uncertain. We investigated humoral response to vaccination in 53 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin (HL), or CLL patients. Peripheral blood was obtained 2 weeks after first and 6 second antibody profiling using multiplex bead-binding assay. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM levels spike specific receptor binding domain (RBD) were evaluated as measure of response....
Epidemic RNA viruses seem to arise year after leading countless infections and devastating disease. SARS-CoV-2 is the most recent of these viruses, but there will undoubtedly be more come. While effective vaccines are being deployed, one approach that still missing antivirals can used at onset therefore prevent pandemics. Here, we screened FDA-approved compounds against SARS-CoV-2. We found atovaquone, a pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor, able reduce infection in human lung cells. In...
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are an emerging and evolving global public health threat, with limited antiviral treatments or vaccines available. La Crosse virus (LACV) from the Bunyavirales order is responsible for pediatric encephalitis cases in United States, yet little known about infectivity of LACV. Given structural similarities between class II fusion glycoproteins LACV chikungunya (CHIKV), alphavirus Togaviridae family, we hypothesized that would share similar entry mechanisms...
The genomic determinants that contribute to orthobunyavirus infection and pathogenesis are not well-defined. In this study, we harnessed the process of reassortment understand which viral factors drive change in replication La Crosse virus (LACV). We systematically reassorted segments two genetically similar Lineage I LACV isolates into six unique reassortants. Despite parental having high levels RNA protein consensus, reassortants demonstrate how minimal changes structure can have...
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a major global public threat. Currently, worldwide effort has been mounted to generate billions of effective vaccine doses immunize world’s population at record speeds. However, there still demand for alternative vaccines that rapidly confer long-term protection and rely upon cost-effective, easily scaled-up manufacturing. Here, we present Sindbis alphavirus vector (SV), transiently expressing spike protein (SV.Spike), combined...
Abstract Mortality among patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure is high there are no known lower airway biomarkers that predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial infections viral load were associated poor outcome host immune tone. obtained fungal culture data from 589 critically ill subjects requiring mechanical ventilation. On a subset of the underwent bronchoscopy, we also quantified SARS-CoV-2 load, analyzed microbiome airways by metagenome metatranscriptome...
Abstract Mortality among patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure is high there are no known lower airway biomarkers that predict clinical outcome. We investigated whether bacterial infections viral load were associated poor outcome host immune tone. obtained fungal culture data from 589 critically ill subjects requiring mechanical ventilation. On a subset of the underwent bronchoscopy, we also quantified SARS-CoV-2 load, analyzed microbiome airways by metagenome metatranscriptome...
Arboviruses are a significant global public health threat, yet there no antivirals targeting these viruses. This problem is in part due to our lack of knowledge the molecular mechanisms involved arbovirus life cycle.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a major global public threat. Currently, worldwide effort has been mounted to generate billions of effective vaccine doses immunize world's population at record speeds. However, there still demand for alternative vaccines that rapidly confer long-term protection and rely upon cost-effective, easily scaled-up manufacturing. Here, we present Sindbis alphavirus vector (SV), transiently expressing spike protein (SV.Spike), combined...
ABSTRACT In a previous study to understand how the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) E1 glycoprotein β-strand c functions, we identified several attenuating variants at residue V80 and emergence of second-site mutations in fusion loop (E1-M88L) hinge region (E1-N20Y) with vivo . The these led us question changes may contribute CHIKV infection molecular level. Here, use dynamics influence E1-E2 complex. We found that domain II lead E2 conformational changes, allowing hypothesize emerging E1-M88L...
Envelope proteins drive virus and host-cell membrane fusion to achieve entry. Fusogenic are classified into structural classes that function with remarkable mechanistic similarities. Fusion proceeds through coordinated movements of protein domains in a sequence orchestrated steps. Structures for the initial final conformations available several fusogens, but folding intermediates have largely remained unresolved interdependency between regions conformational rearrangements is not well...
Abstract Alphaviruses infect both mammals and insects, yet the distinct mechanisms that alphaviruses use to different hosts are not well defined. In this study, we characterize CHIKV E1 variants in fusion loop (E1-M88L) hinge region (E1-N20Y) vitro vivo understand how these regions of glycoprotein contribute host-specific infection. Through cell culture assays, found E1-N20Y enhanced infectivity mosquito cells while E1-M88L variant virus binding BHK-21 C6/36 cells, led changes...
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are an emerging and evolving global public health threat with little to no antiviral treatments. La Crosse virus (LACV) from the Bunyavirales order is responsible for pediatric encephalitis cases in United States, yet known about infectivity of LACV. Given structural similarities between class II fusion glycoproteins LACV chikungunya (CHIKV), alphavirus Togaviridae family, we hypothesized that would share similar entry mechanisms CHIKV. To test this...
Abstract Alphaviruses and flaviviruses have class II fusion glycoproteins that are essential for virion assembly infectivity. Importantly, the tip of domain is structurally conserved between alphavirus flavivirus proteins, yet whether these structural similarities virus families translate to functional unclear. Using in vivo evolution Zika (ZIKV), we identified several novel emerging variants including an envelope glycoprotein variant β-strand c (V114M) II. We previously shown analogous ij...
SUMMARY Antibody responses serve as the primary protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection through neutralization of viral entry into cells. We have developed a two-dimensional multiplex bead binding assay (2D-MBBA) that quantifies multiple antibody isotypes antigens from single measurement. Here, we applied our to profile IgG, IgM and IgA levels spike antigen, its receptor-binding domain natural designed mutants. Machine learning algorithms trained on 2D-MBBA data substantially improve...