A5084110734- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- interferon and immune responses
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Disaster Response and Management
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- Gut microbiota and health
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
National Institutes of Health
2016-2025
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
2016-2025
Columbia University
2017
State Key Laboratory of Virology
2013-2016
Médecins Sans Frontières
2015
Erasmus University Rotterdam
2004-2015
Erasmus MC
2005-2015
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut
2015
University of Saskatchewan
2015
Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research
2015
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus can cause morbidity and mortality in humans but thus far has not acquired the ability to be transmitted by aerosol or respiratory droplet ("airborne transmission") between humans. To address concern that could acquire this under natural conditions, we genetically modified site-directed mutagenesis subsequent serial passage ferrets. The mutations during ferrets, ultimately becoming airborne transmissible None of recipient ferrets died after...
A Novel Coronavirus Emerging in China novel coronavirus, designated as 2019-nCoV, emerged Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019. Although many details emergence this virus remain unknown,...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 20191,2 and is responsible for the disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic3. Vaccines are an essential countermeasure urgently needed to control pandemic4. Here we show that adenovirus-vector-based vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, which encodes spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, immunogenic mice elicites a robust humoral cell-mediated response. This response was predominantly mediated by type-1 T helper cells, as demonstrated...
The continued emergence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) cases with a high case fatality rate stresses the need for availability effective antiviral treatments. Remdesivir (GS-5734) effectively inhibited MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) replication in vitro, and showed efficacy against Severe Acute (SARS)-CoV mouse model. Here, we tested prophylactic therapeutic remdesivir treatment nonhuman primate model MERS-CoV infection, rhesus macaque. Prophylactic initiated 24 h prior to...
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by a novel (named SARS-CoV-2) and has case fatality rate approximately 2%, started in Wuhan (China) December 20191,2. Following an unprecedented global spread3, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 pandemic on 11 March 2020. Although data humans are emerging at steady pace, some aspects pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2 can be studied detail only animal models, repeated sampling tissue collection possible. Here we show that...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) may cause severe lower respiratory tract (LRT) disease in humans. However, the LRT cells to which attaches are unknown for both humans and other mammals. We show here that H5N1 attached predominantly type II pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages, nonciliated bronchiolar human LRT, this pattern was most closely mirrored cat ferret tissues. These findings explain, at least part, localization severity of viral pneumonia They also identify as suitable...
The swine-origin A(H1N1) influenza virus that has emerged in humans early 2009 raised concerns about pandemic developments. In a ferret pathogenesis and transmission model, the was found to be more pathogenic than seasonal virus, with extensive replication occurring respiratory tract. Replication of confined nasal cavity ferrets, but also replicated trachea, bronchi, bronchioles. Virus shedding abundant from upper tract for as compared via aerosol or droplets equally efficient. These data...
The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is proposed to be a zoonotic disease; however, the reservoir and mechanism for transmission of causative agent, MERS coronavirus, are unknown. Dromedary camels have been implicated through reports that some victims exposed camels, in areas where disease has emerged antibodies virus, viral sequences recovered from association with outbreaks among humans. Nonetheless, whether mediate humans unresolved. Here we provide evidence geographic temporal...
To the Editor A novel human coronavirus, now named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, referred to as HCoV-19 here) that emerged in Wuhan, China late 2019 is causing a pandemic 1 . Here, we analyze aerosol and surface stability of compare it with SARS-CoV-1, most closely related coronavirus. We evaluated SARS-CoV-1 aerosols on different surfaces estimated their decay rates using Bayesian regression model (see Supplementary Appendix). All experimental measurements are...
A suspected case of sexual transmission from a male survivor Ebola virus disease (EVD) to his female partner (the patient in this report) occurred Liberia March 2015. (EBOV) genomes assembled blood samples the and semen sample were consistent with direct transmission. The shared three substitutions that absent all other Western African EBOV sequences distinct last documented chain before case. Combined epidemiologic data, genomic analysis provides evidence persistence infective for 179 days...
In 2012, a novel betacoronavirus, designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus or MERS-CoV and associated with severe disease in humans, emerged the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 108 human cases have been reported, including of human-to-human transmission. The availability an animal model is essential for understanding pathogenesis developing effective countermeasures. Upon combination intratracheal, ocular, oral, intranasal inoculation 7 × 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose...
SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and resulted the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Several animal models have been rapidly developed that recapitulate asymptomatic to moderate disease spectrum. Now, there is a direct need for additional small study pathogenesis of severe fast-tracked medical countermeasure development. Here, we show transgenic mice expressing human receptor (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [hACE2]) under cytokeratin 18 promoter (K18) are susceptible infection dose-dependent lethal...
In 2012, a novel coronavirus associated with severe respiratory disease in humans emerged the Middle East. Epidemiologic investigations identified dromedary camels as likely source of zoonotic transmission East syndrome (MERS-CoV). Here we provide experimental support for reservoir MERS-CoV. We inoculated 3 adult human isolate MERS-CoV and transient, primarily upper tract infection developed each animals. Clinical signs were benign, but shed large quantities virus from tract. detected...
The identification of a novel β coronavirus, nCoV, as the causative agent severe respiratory illness in humans originating Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Jordan has raised concerns about possibility coronavirus pandemic similar to that SARS-CoV. As definitive treatment regimen never been thoroughly evaluated for infections, there is an urgent need rapidly identify potential therapeutics address future cases nCoV. To determine intervention strategy, effect interferon-α2b ribavirin on nCoV isolate...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 1,2 and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic 3 . Vaccines are an essential countermeasure urgently needed to control 4 Here, we show that adenovirus-vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, encoding spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, immunogenic mice, eliciting a robust humoral cell-mediated response. This response was not Th2 dominated, as demonstrated by IgG subclass cytokine expression profiling. A single...