A5057567289- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- interferon and immune responses
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
Erasmus MC
2015-2024
Erasmus University Rotterdam
2013-2023
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
2022
Cancer Genomics Centre
2020
Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine
2014
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 virus can cause morbidity and mortality in humans but thus far has not acquired the ability to be transmitted by aerosol or respiratory droplet ("airborne transmission") between humans. To address concern that could acquire this under natural conditions, we genetically modified site-directed mutagenesis subsequent serial passage ferrets. The mutations during ferrets, ultimately becoming airborne transmissible None of recipient ferrets died after...
In wild aquatic birds and poultry around the world, influenza A viruses carrying 15 antigenic subtypes of hemagglutinin (HA) 9 neuraminidase (NA) have been described. Here we describe a previously unidentified subtype HA (H16), detected in circulating black-headed gulls Sweden. agreement with established criteria for definition subtypes, hemagglutination inhibition assays immunodiffusion failed to detect specific reactivity between H16 described H1 H15. Genetically, was found be distantly...
Coronavirus in nonhuman primates We urgently need vaccines and drug treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Even under these extreme circumstances, we must have animal models rigorous testing of new strategies. Rockx et al. undertaken a comparative study three human coronaviruses cynomolgus macaques: severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (2002), Middle East syndrome (MERS)–CoV (2012), SARS-CoV-2 (2019), which causes COVID-19 (see the Perspective by Lakdawala...
The swine-origin A(H1N1) influenza virus that has emerged in humans early 2009 raised concerns about pandemic developments. In a ferret pathogenesis and transmission model, the was found to be more pathogenic than seasonal virus, with extensive replication occurring respiratory tract. Replication of confined nasal cavity ferrets, but also replicated trachea, bronchi, bronchioles. Virus shedding abundant from upper tract for as compared via aerosol or droplets equally efficient. These data...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that emerged in late 2019, has spread rapidly worldwide, and information about the modes of transmission SARS-CoV-2 among humans is critical to apply appropriate infection control measures slow its spread. Here we show transmitted efficiently via direct contact air (via respiratory droplets and/or aerosols) between ferrets, 1 3 days 7 after exposure respectively. The pattern virus shedding indirect recipient ferrets similar inoculated infectious isolated...
The recently raised awareness of the threat a new influenza pandemic has stimulated interest in detection A viruses human as well animal secretions. Virus isolation alone is unsatisfactory for this purpose because its inherent limited sensitivity and lack host cells that are universally permissive to all viruses. Previously described PCR methods more sensitive but targeted predominantly at virus strains currently circulating humans, since sequences primer sets display considerable numbers...
Abstract Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a member of the subfamily Pneumovirinae within family Paramyxoviridae. Other members this subfamily, respiratory syncytial virus and avian pneumovirus, can be divided into subgroups based on genetic or antigenic differences both. For HMPV, existence different lineages has been described basis variation in limited set available sequences. We address relationship between neutralization assays. In addition, we analyzed diversity HMPV by phylogenetic...
Avian A/H5N1 influenza viruses pose a pandemic threat. As few as five amino acid substitutions, or four with reassortment, might be sufficient for mammal-to-mammal transmission through respiratory droplets. From surveillance data, we found that two of these substitutions are common in viruses, and thus, some require only three additional to become transmissible via droplets between mammals. We used mathematical model within-host virus evolution study factors could increase decrease the...
Halting transmission The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) glycoprotein binds to host cells and initiates membrane fusion cell infection. This stage in the virus life history is currently a target for drug inhibition. De Vries et al. designed highly stable lipoprotein inhibitors complementary conserved repeat C terminus of S that integrate into membranes inhibit conformational changes necessary fusion. authors tested performance lipoproteins as...
Influenza A viruses are amongst the most challenging that threaten both human and animal health. unique in many ways. Firstly, they diversity of host species infect. This includes waterfowl (the original reservoir), terrestrial aquatic poultry, swine, humans, horses, dog, cats, whales, seals several other mammalian species. Secondly, their capacity to evolve adapt, following crossing barrier, order replicate spread individuals within new Finally, frequency inter-species transmission events...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and caused a pandemic, whereas the closely related SARS-CoV was contained rapidly 2003. Here, an experimental set-up is used to study transmission of through air between ferrets over more than meter distance. Both viruses cause robust productive respiratory tract infection resulting two four indirect recipient all four. A control pandemic A/H1N1 influenza virus also transmits efficiently. Serological assays confirm events. Although experiments do not...
Human influenza A viruses are known to be transmitted via the air from person person. It is unknown which anatomical site of respiratory tract virus transmission occurs. Here, pairs genetically tagged and untagged A/H1N1, A/H3N2 A/H5N1 that transmissible used co-infect donor ferrets intranasal intratracheal routes cause an upper lower infection, respectively. In all cases, we observe in recipient same genotype as inoculated intranasally, demonstrating they expelled rather than trachea or...
The clinical impact of the 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus (pdmH1N1) has been relatively low. However, amino acid substitution D222G in hemagglutinin pdmH1N1 associated with cases severe disease and fatalities. was introduced a prototype by reverse genetics, effect on receptor binding, replication, antigenic properties, pathogenesis transmission animal models investigated. caused ocular mice without further indications enhanced virulence ferrets. retained transmissibility via aerosols...
Wild birds may spread the H5N8 virus
ABSTRACT The route by which highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus spreads systemically, including the central nervous system (CNS), is largely unknown in mammals. Especially, olfactory route, could be a of entry into CNS, has not been studied detail. Although multibasic cleavage site (MBCS) hemagglutinin (HA) HPAI viruses major determinant systemic spread poultry, association between MBCS and mammals less clear. Here we determined distribution ferrets time space—including along...
In the first 6 months of H1N1 swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) pandemic, vast majority infections were relatively mild. It has been postulated that mutations in viral genome could result more virulent viruses, leading to a severe pandemic. Mutations E627K and D701N PB2 protein have previously identified as determinants avian pandemic virulence mammals. These absent S-OIVs detected early 2009 Here, using reverse genetics, E627K, D701N, E677G introduced into prototype S-OIV...
The threat of an influenza A virus pandemic stems from continual spillovers reservoir species, a tiny fraction which spark sustained transmission in humans. To date, no emergence new strain has been preceded by detection closely related precursor animal or human. Nonetheless, surveillance efforts are expanding, prompting need for tools to assess the risk posed detected virus. goal would be use genetic sequence and/or biological assays viral traits identify those non-human viruses with...
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is essentially a poultry disease. Wild birds have traditionally not been involved in its spread, but the epidemiology of HPAI has changed recent years. After emergence southeastern Asia 1996, H5 virus Goose/Guangdong lineage evolved into several sub-lineages, some which spread over thousands kilometers via long-distance migration wild waterbirds. In order to determine whether adapting waterbirds, we experimentally inoculated H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 group A...