Inflammation and oxidative stress have important roles in memory impairment. The effect of 7-nitroindazole (7NI) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced impairment was investigated. Rats were used, divided into four groups that treated as follows: (1) control (saline); (2) LPS; (3) 7NI-LPS; (4) 7NI before passive avoidance (PA). In the LPS group, latency for entering dark compartment shorter than controls (p < 0.01 p 0.001); while 7NI-LPS it longer group 0.001). Malondialdehyde (MDA) nitric...

Background: It has been recently demonstrated that Royal jelly (RJ) a beneficial role on neural functions. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with impairments of learning and memory. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine effect RJ spatial memory in rats after intracerebroventricular injection streptozotocin (icv-STZ). Materials Methods: Rats were infused bilaterally an icv STZ, while sham received vehicle only. The feed RJ-contained food (3% w/w) (lyophilized mixed...

Summary Stress contributes, as a risk factor, to such psychological disorders anxiety. The effects of electrical lesions in the basolateral amygdala nucleus ( BLA ) were investigated on locomotor activity and anxiety‐like behaviour different stress durations. For this purpose, rats randomly allocated control, sham, experimental groups, latter including groups with without subjected acute, sub‐chronic, chronic conditions for 1, 7, 21 days, respectively, applied 6 h/d. induced anxiety was...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent disorder with severe learning and memory defects. Because it has been demonstrated that erythropoietin (EPO) positive effects on the central nervous system, aim of this study was to evaluate effect EPO neuronal proliferation in dentate gyrus hippocampal formation well-defined model for AD.A rat sporadic dementia type established by bilateral intracerebroventricular injection streptozotocin (ICV-STZ). Impairment confirmed 2 weeks after ICV-STZ passive...

Alzheimer's disease is associated to impairments of learning and memory. Because studies demonstrated that erythropoietin has positive effects on central nervous system, the aim this study was evaluate effect spatial memory in a well defined model for disease. Rat created by injecting streptozotocin lateral ventricles brain. Two weeks later, rats were assessed through passive avoidance test confirm induction Alzheimer's. After that, they received (5000IU/kg) every other day, two then 5-day...

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) modulates memory for emotional events and is involved in both stress memory. This study investigated different durations of the role BLA on serum corticosterone level spatial cognitive memory.Different (acute, mid, chronic stress), with without lesion were induced rats by 6 h/day restraint 1, 7, 21 days. Memory functions evaluated novel object recognition (NOR) location test (OLT).The OLT findings showed locomotor activity slightly decreased stress. NOR...

It has been demonstrated that exercise neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system (CNS), especially hippocampus. Previous studies have indicated diabetes mellitus affects synaptic plasticity hippocampus leading to impairments learning and memory. The aim of this study was evaluate treadmill running on at dentate gyrus (DG) streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Experimental groups were control, diabetes-exercise groups. Long-term potentiation (LTP) perforant path-DG synapses...

Regular exercise has beneficial effects on cerebrovascular diseases; however, its biochemical mechanisms are not fully known. The purpose of this study was to determine antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation both hippocampi after applying followed by occluding one common carotid. Wistar rats were divided into four groups control, exercise, hypoperfusion exercise-hypoperfusion (exe-hypo). In the exe-hypo groups, forced run a treadmill for 1 h day 2 months. right carotid animals...

Previous studies have indicated an association between diabetes mellitus and impairments in synaptic plasticity the hippocampus. However, it is not clear if of synapses are pre- or post-synaptic both. The aim this study was to evaluate extracellular basal levels glutamate GABA at dentate gyrus anesthetized streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, after 12 weeks induction. Extracellular were investigated by using microdialysis technique coupled high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with...

Several studies have been shown that antidepressant drugs contradictory effects on cognitive processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate amitriptyline and fluoxetine synaptic plasticity in dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampal formation rat.Experimental groups were control, fluoxetine, amitriptyline. The rats treated for 21 days then, paired pulse facilitation/inhibition (PPF/I) long-term potentiation (LTP) perforant path-DG synapses assessed (by 400 Hz tetanization). Field...

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative appearing as result of free radicals and oxidative stress. Antioxidants agents boost memory control disease. Since red grape juice contains antioxidant agents, its effects on speed learning improvement was studied in rats.Alzheimer's model induced by bilateral infusion streptozocine into lateral ventricles brain male rats. Rats drank 10% for 21 days. Passive avoidance test used measuring rats.Our results showed that STZ-group decreased significantly...

There is an increase in inflammatory and a reduction anti-inflammatory cytokines multiple sclerosis (MS). Considering the role of thyroid hormones development regulation both neural immune systems, aim this study was to evaluate effects levothyroxine on serum concentrations interleukin-10 (IL-10) interferon gamma (IFN-γ) animal models MS.To induce demyelination male Wistar rats, lysolecithin injected into optic chiasm. Then intraperitoneally (20, 50, 100 μg/kg) for 21 days. Serum levels were...

Protective effects of vitamin E (Vit E) on long term potentiation (LTP) impairment, neuronal apoptosis and increase nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in the hippocampus juvenile rats were examined. The grouped (n=13) as: (1) control; (2) hypothyroid (Hypo) (3) Hypo-Vit E. Propylthiouracil (PTU) was given drinking water (0.05%) during 6 weeks. Vit (20 mg/ kg) daily injected (IP). To evaluate synaptic plasticity, LTP from CA1 area followed by high frequency stimulation to ipsilateral Schafer...