Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) enters host by glycoprotein B (gB)-mediated membrane fusion upon receptor-binding to gH/gL-related complexes, causing devastating diseases such as birth defects. Although an X-ray crystal structure of the recombinant gB ectodomain at postfusion conformation is available, structures prefusion and its complex with gH/gL on viral envelope remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate utility cryo electron tomography (cryoET) energy filtering cutting-edge technologies Volta...

Abstract The barium ferrite BaTi x Fe 12− O 19 ( = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) (BFTO- ) ceramics doped by Ti 4+ were synthesized a modified sol—gel method. crystal structure and magnetic of the samples determined neutron diffraction, confirm that BFTO- high quality single phase with sheet microstructure. With increasing from 0.2 to 0.8, saturation magnetization M s decreases gradually but change trend coercivity H c is complex under synergy changed grain size anisotropy field. Relying on valence ,...

Biodegradability is very critical for biomaterials to be nanocarriers. Ideal nanocarriers should stable enough execute their functions, but then can efficiently got rid of, by either biodegradation or excretion. In this work, we report the design and one-pot fabrication of a series uniform organic-inorganic hybrid nanocapsules with disulfide-bridged silsesquioxane framework particle size smaller than 100 nm redox-triggered biodegradation. The optimal synthesis conditions were explored...

Abstract In recent years, the investigation of fire disturbance microbial communities has gained growing attention. However, how bacterial community varies in response to different severities at soil depths is largely unknown. We utilized Illumina MiSeq sequencing illustrate changing patterns following low-, moderate- and high-severity wildfire topsoil (0–10 cm) subsoil (10–20 cm), 6 months after fire. Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi were dominant...

Base editing stands at the forefront of genetic engineering, heralding precise modifications with broad implications. While CRISPR-based DNA and RNA base systems capitalize on sgRNA-guided specificity diverse deaminase functionalities, pursuit efficient C-to-U has been hampered by inherent constraints cytidine deaminases. Here, we report an platform refining deaminases, termed professional APOBECs (ProAPOBECs), through systematic enhancements AI-driven protein engineering. ProAPOBECs...

As a universal optimization problem in automatic control, complete coverage path planning is one of the useful functions for intelligent sweeping robot, which makes robot more quickly and efficiently. Though conventional unit decomposition method has got solution, excessive complex concave polygon environment ignoring turning degrade effect. Considering practical application improvements three aspects are proposed that cost function added with turning, areas can be combined adjacent area...

Despite reports of successful clinical cases, many tumors appear to resist infection by oncolytic viruses (OVs). To circumvent this problem, an armed vesicular stomatitis virus was constructed inserting a transgene express Smac/DIABLO during (VSV-S). Endogenous Smac in HeLa cells diminished wtVSV infection, whereas the level enhanced VSV-S infection. Apoptosis readily induced VSV-S, but not wtVSV, More importantly, tumor volume reduced larger extent when xenografts 4T1 BALB/c mice and...

Negative-strand RNA viruses (NSVs) include the most pathogenic known. New methods to monitor their evolutionary trends are urgently needed for development of antivirals and vaccines. The protein translation machinery host cell is currently recognized as a main genomic regulator virus evolution, which works especially well positive-strand viruses. However, this approach fails NSVs because it does not consider unique mechanism viral synthesis. For NSVs, RNA-dependent polymerase (vRdRp) must...

Effective features extraction and high speed processing algorithms are key points for large scene SAR image processing, such as ship detection in the ocean. Feature based methods can use more information about targets make results robust different backgrounds. Although texture is an effective strong feature images, its computation time limits practice applications. In this paper, a new named Image Uniformity Description Factor (IUDF) proposed to extract uniformity of images used design...

ABSTRACT Polyamides have been shown to bind double-stranded DNA by complementing the curvature of minor groove and forming various hydrogen bonds with DNA. Several polyamide molecules found potent antiviral activities against papillomavirus, a virus. By analogy, we reason that polyamides may also interact structured RNA bound in nucleocapsid negative-strand Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was selected as prototype test this possibility since its genomic encapsidated forms structure...

Acidobacteria is found to be dominant and abundant in forest soil, performs specific ecological functions (such as cellulose decomposition photosynthetic capacity, etc.). However, relative limited known about its changing patterns after a fire interruption. In this study, the response of soil wildfire disturbance was investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing system. The research area classified by different severities damage (high, moderate, low severity, an unburnt area), samples were...

Classical swine fever (CSF) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by classical virus (CSFV). The live attenuated vaccine C-strain (also called HCLV strain) against CSF was produced multiple passages a highly virulent strain in rabbits. However, the molecular determinants for its attenuation and protection remain unclear. In this study, we identified unique glycosylation at position 986 (986NYT988) on E2 glycoprotein Domain IV but not (986NYA988) CSFV Shimen strain. We evaluated...

Historically, live attenuated vaccines produced by blind passage usually undergo adaptation in cell cultures or nonsusceptible hosts and attenuation natural hosts, with a classical example being the swine fever virus (CSFV) lapinized vaccine C-strain, which was developed hundreds of passages rabbits. However, mechanism viral to molecular basis for remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that P108 T109 on E2 glycoprotein together E rns rabbit-adaptive C-strain confer rabbits...

During viral RNA synthesis by the RNA-dependent polymerase (vRdRp) of vesicular stomatitis virus, sequestered genome must be released from nucleocapsid in order to serve as template. Unveiling interactions vRdRp proteins, large subunit (L) and phosphoprotein (P), with protein (N) not disrupt assembly. We noticed that a flexible structural motif composed an α-helix loop N may act access gate RNA. This suggests local conformational changes this induced unveil RNA, without disrupting Mutations...

CFAR is a widely used algorithm for target detection in SAR images. The simplicity of computation and stable performance make it key role practice. However, man-made detection, conventional has limited because the non-adaptive processing window varieties categories, sizes structures targets. In order to detect targets with different size complex high resolution images, an improved adaptive named Adaptive-Window proposed. A global guard obtained by pre-detection adaptively take place makes AW...

Built-up area extraction is a primary and fundamental processing in applications such as city planning using remotely sensed high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. One of the critical challenges that canopy-covered always falsely extracted due to similarity between canopy building scattering power texture pattern, resulting high false alarm low overall accuracy. In this letter, physical scatterings on built-up areas are analyzed, seeking distinct differences these two ground...

Hyperspectral images (HSI) contain a wealth of spectral and spatial information, spectral-spatial combination is an effective way in improving the classification accuracy for HSI. To characterize variability features at different scales better, multiscale method with adaptive filtering (MSAF) proposed. The proposed consists following four steps. Firstly, are extracted by feature selection algorithm. Secondly, edge-preserving conducted on each feature, then several stacks data blocks...

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has a wide range of cell tropism, making it prototype studying the negative-strand RNA (NSRV), including virus-host interactions and vaccine development. Although VSV rescue systems have been progressively optimized throughout time, T7-based expression system is most commonly utilized to VSV. However, remains significant barrier for many labs. In our study, we found that VSV's efficiency associated with various multiplicities infection (MOIs) recombinant...

Abstract Background Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a typical non-segmented negative-sense RNA of the genus Vesiculovirus in family Rhabdoviridae . VSV can infect wide range animals, including humans, with oral blister epithelial lesions. an excellent model applications as molecular tool, vaccine vector, and oncolytic vector. To further understand interaction between host cells to provide theoretical basis for application prospects VSV, we analyzed expression differentially expressed...

Karst geological hazards pose a significant challenge for the urban construction and underground space development utilization in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, especially Guangzhou Shenzhen. exploration generally involves identifying assessing caves through combination of drilling geophysical information. In recent years, cross-hole computed tomography (CT) method has been widely used karst Area due to its ease operation strong ability obtain However, accuracy this still needs...

Abstract The Red-bed soft rock is widely distributed in South China, and it has been exposed to acid rain for a long time, which brings great risks the stability of engineerings. Therefore, China selected as research object. A disintegration test under acidic environment was carried out, law grain size change during obtained. reaserch shows that: (1) Disintegration process large particles gradually transform into small particles; (2) Acidic promotes rock, stronger acidity, disintegration;...