A5005407882- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Nuclear reactor physics and engineering
- Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies
- Advanced Statistical Methods and Models
- Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Simulation Techniques and Applications
- Gaussian Processes and Bayesian Inference
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Microbial Inactivation Methods
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Gut microbiota and health
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
Los Alamos National Laboratory
2008-2020
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2007
Statistical Service
2006
Northern Arizona University
2006
University of Notre Dame
2001
ABSTRACT Terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis of 16S rRNA genes is an increasingly popular method for rapid comparison microbial communities, but the data still in a developmental stage. We assessed phylogenetic resolution and reproducibility TRF profiles order to evaluate limitations method, we developed essential technique improve interpretation data. The theoretical was determined based on specificity TRFs predicted from 3,908 gene sequences. With sequences Proteobacteria or...
ABSTRACT The ability of terminal restriction fragment (T-RFLP or TRF) profiles 16S rRNA genes to provide useful information about the relative diversity complex microbial communities was investigated by comparison with other methods. Four soil representing two pinyon rhizosphere and between-tree (interspace) environments were compared analysis gene clone libraries culture collections (Dunbar et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:1662–1669, 1998) rDNA TRF community DNA. method able...
ABSTRACT Clostridium botulinum is a taxonomic designation for many diverse anaerobic spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria that have the common property of producing neurotoxins (BoNTs). The BoNTs are exoneurotoxins can cause severe paralysis and death in humans other animal species. A collection 174 C. strains was examined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis sequencing 16S rRNA gene BoNT genes to examine genetic diversity within this This contained representatives each...
ABSTRACT Understanding patterns of biodiversity in microbial communities is severely constrained by the difficulty adequately sampling these complex systems. We illustrate problem with empirical data from small surveys (200-member 16S rRNA gene clone libraries) four bacterial soil two locations Arizona. Among surveys, nearly 500 species-level groups ( Dunbar et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65 : 662 -1669, 1999 ) and 21 divisions were documented, including new candidate provisionally...
ABSTRACT Soil bacteria are important contributors to primary productivity and nutrient cycling in arid land ecosystems, their populations may be greatly affected by changes environmental conditions. In parallel studies, the composition of total bacterial community members Acidobacterium division were assessed grassland soils using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRF, also known as T-RFLP) analysis 16S rRNA genes amplified from soil DNA. Bacterial communities associated...
ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus is ubiquitous in nature, and while most isolates appear to be harmless, some are associated with food-borne illnesses, periodontal diseases, other more serious infections. In one such infection, B. G9241 was identified as the causative agent of a severe pneumonia Louisiana welder 1994. This isolate found harbor anthracis virulence plasmid pXO1 (13). Here we report characterization two clinical environmental collected during an investigation fatal cases Texas metal...
Bacillus anthracis, cereus, and thuringiensis are closely related gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria of the B. cereus sensu lato group. While independently derived strains anthracis reveal conspicuous sequence homogeneity, environmental isolates exhibit extensive genetic diversity. Here we report sequencing comparative analysis genomes two members group, 97-27 subsp. konkukian serotype H34, isolated from a necrotic human wound, E33L, which was swab zebra carcass in Namibia. These strains,...
ABSTRACT DNA from over 300 Bacillus thuringiensis , cereus and anthracis isolates was analyzed by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). B. were diverse sources locations, including soil, clinical food products causing diarrheal emetic outbreaks, type strains the American Type Culture Collection, 200 representing 36 serovars or subspecies U.S. Department of Agriculture collection. Twenty-four also included. Phylogenetic analysis AFLP data revealed extensive diversity...
The three species of the group 1 bacilli, Bacillus anthracis, B. cereus, and thuringiensis, are genetically very closely related. All inhabit soil habitats but exhibit different phenotypes. anthracis is causative agent anthrax phylogenetically monomorphic, while cereus thuringiensis more diverse. An amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis described here demonstrates genetic diversity among a collection non-anthrax-causing species, some which show significant similarity to anthracis....
ABSTRACT We examined 154 Norwegian B. cereus and thuringiensis soil isolates (collected from five different locations), 8 2 reference strains, Bacillus anthracis strains by using fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). employed a novel identification approach based on hierarchical agglomerative clustering routine that identifies fragments in an automated fashion. No method is free of error, we identified the major sources so experiments can be designed to minimize its...
Bacillus thuringiensis is an insect pathogen that widely used as a biopesticide (E. Schnepf, N. Crickmore, J. Van Rie, D. Lereclus, Baum, Feitelson, R. Zeigler, and H. Dean, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62:775-806, 1998). Here we report the finished, annotated genome sequence of B. Al Hakam, which was collected in Iraq by United Nations Special Commission (L. Radnedge, P. Agron, K. Hill, Jackson, L. Ticknor, Keim, G. Andersen, Appl. Environ. 69:2755-2764, 2003).
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which supply significant amounts of fixed nitrogen into terrestrial ecosystems worldwide (~33 Tg y-1), are likely to respond changes in temperature and precipitation associated with climate change. Using nifH gene-based surveys, we explored variation the diazotrophic community biocrusts Colorado Plateau, USA response season (autumn vs. spring), as well field manipulations that increased frequency small-volume events year-round temperature. Abundance genes...
Complete sequencing and annotation of the 96.2 kb Bacillus anthracis plasmid, pXO2, predicted 85 open reading frames (ORFs). cereus thuringiensis isolates that ranged in genomic similarity to B. anthracis, as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, were examined PCR for presence sequences similar 47 pXO2 ORFs.The two most distantly related examined, 33679 AWO6, produced greatest number ORF pXO2; 10 detected 16 AWO6. No more than ORFs any one remaining isolates....
A total of 41 Clostridium botulinum serotype E strains from different geographic regions, including Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Greenland, Japan, and the United States, were compared by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) neurotoxin (bont) gene sequencing. The strains, representing environmental, food-borne, infant botulism samples collected 1932 to 2007, analyzed compare regions types determine...
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis allows a rapid, relatively simple of large portion microbial genome, providing information about the species and its phylogenetic relationship to other microbes (Vos et al. 1995). The method simply surveys genome for sequence polymorphisms. AFLP pattern identified can be used comparison genomes species. Unlike methods, it does not rely on single genetic locus that may bias interpretation results require any prior knowledge targeted...
Background. Infant botulism (IB), first identified in California 1976, results from Clostridium botulinum spores that germinate, multiply, and produce neurotoxin (BoNT) the immature intestine. From 1976 to 2010 we created an archive of 1090 BoNT-producing isolates consisting 1012 IB patient (10 outpatient, 985 hospitalized, 17 sudden death), 25 food, 18 dust/soils, 35 other strains. Methods. The mouse neutralization assay determined isolate toxin type (56% BoNT/A, 32% BoNT/B). Amplified...
ABSTRACT Although iron (Fe) is an essential element for almost all living organisms, little known regarding its acquisition from the insoluble Fe(III) (hydr)oxides in aerobic environments. In this study a strict aerobe, Pseudomonas mendocina , was grown batch culture with hematite, goethite, or ferrihydrite as source of Fe. P. obtained Fe these minerals following order: goethite > hematite ferrihydrite. Furthermore, release each appears to have occurred excess, evidenced by growth medium...
Ten variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) regions identified within the complete genomic sequence of Clostridium botulinum strain ATCC 3502 were used to characterize 59 C. strains botulism neurotoxin A1 (BoNT/A1) BoNT/A4 (BoNT/A1-A4) subtypes determine their ability discriminate among serotype A strains. Two representing each serotypes B G, including five bivalent strains, and two closely related species sporogenes also tested. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses revealed genetic...
ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki is applied extensively in North America to control the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar . Since B. shares many physical and biological properties with anthracis , it a reasonable surrogate for biodefense studies. A key question how long biothreat agent will persist environment. There some information literature on persistence of laboratories historical testing areas agricultural settings, but there no spp. type environment that would be encountered...
Three isoenzyme forms (designated A, B, and C) of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase were purified from Datura innoxia suspension cultures. Isoenzyme A is the most abundant form, comprising 45-60% total activity. Isoenzymes C B comprise 35-40% 10-20% activity, respectively. The specific activities isoenzymes are similar (870-893 mumol cysteine/min/mg protein). Molecular masses for C, estimated by analytical size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography, 63, 86, 63 kDa, homodimers; a...
As computer simulations continue to grow in size and complexity, they present a particularly challenging class of big data problems. Many application areas are moving toward exascale computing systems, systems that perform 1018 FLOPS (FLoating-point Operations Per Second)—a billion calculations per second. Simulations at this scale can generate output exceeds both the storage capacity bandwidth available for transfer storage, making post-processing analysis challenging. One approach is embed...