This study seeks to determine the intraocular pharmacokinetics of molecules and particles injected into suprachoroidal space rabbit eye in vivo using a hollow microneedle.Suprachoroidal injections fluorescein fluorescently tagged dextrans (40 250 kDa), bevacizumab, polymeric (20 nm 10 μm diameter) were performed microneedles New Zealand white rabbits. The fluorescence intensity within was monitored each animal an ocular fluorophotometer distribution material over time as compared with...

To evaluate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) administered into suprachoroidal space (SCS) using a microneedle and compare it with intravitreal (IVT) TA injections in porcine model acute posterior segment inflammation.An IVT injection balanced salt solution (BSS) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was followed 24 hours later an 0.2 mg 2.0 SCS IVT. The accessed microneedles minimally invasive procedure. Ocular inflammatory scores IOP measurements were collected daily, whereas...

Emerging broadband access technologies such as 802.11 are enabling the introduction of wireless IP services to an increasing number users. Market forecasts suggest that a new class network providers, commonly referred Internet service will deploy public networks based on these technologies. In order offer uninterrupted combined with ubiquitous seamless mobility, multiprovider need be integrated each other, well wide-area third-generation cdma2000 and UMTS. Therefore, efficient authentication...

Encrypted Key Exchange (EKE) (S. Bellovin and M. Merritt, 1992; 1993) allows two parties sharing a password to exchange authenticated information over an insecure network by using combination of public secret key cryptography. EKE promises security against active attacks dictionary attacks. Other secure protocols have been proposed based on the use randomized confounders (L. Gong et al., 1993). We some basic results from number theory present guessing all versions discussed in paper 1992) we...

Aim: Epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) with peanut has been demonstrated to be safe but efficacy may limited by allergen uptake through the skin barrier. To enhance into skin, authors used peanut-coated microneedles and compared them EPIT in a allergy mouse model. Methods: Sensitized mice were treated or peanut-EPIT then challenged determine protection. Results: Treatment was showed enhanced desensitization administered via similar schedule. Protection associated reduced Th2 immune responses...

Objectives: Voriconazole is a triazole antifungal used to treat fungal infections in children with cancer. However, previous research reports by our group1 and others2 have shown that voriconazole pharmacokinetics (PK) highly variable this population, many patients fail achieve therapeutic target levels. Subtherapeutic levels of immunocompromised population can be fatal. This study aims develop pediatric PBPK model incorporates observed interpatient variability as well cytochrome P450 (CYP)...

To evaluate the transscleral delivery of fluoresceinated dextrans (FITC-D) with molecular mass up to 70 kDa rabbit posterior segment using sub-Tenon injections.Eighteen NZW rabbits received a unilateral 200-μL injection 2 mg/mL sodium fluorescein (NaF), 25 40-kDa FITC-D, or 70-kDa (n = 9) without immediate euthanatization. In live animals, fluorescence was measured in retina/choroid and mid-vitreous by fluorophotometry, immediately after 4, 24, 48, 72 hours. Euthanatized animals were...

Purpose.: To test the hypothesis that mucoadhesive microparticles formulated in a rapidly dissolving tablet can achieve sustained drug delivery to eye. Methods.: Mucoadhesive microparticles, smaller than 5 μm were fabricated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) as core material mucoadhesion promoter, respectively, encapsulated pilocarpine model drug. These embedded poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix form dry designed reduce rapid clearance of on initial application Results.:...

<h3>Purpose</h3> To evaluate the use of in vivo imaging rabbit model choroidal melanoma using high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasound (HF-CE-US) with two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) modes and to correlate sonographic findings histopathologic characteristics. <h3>Methods</h3> Five New Zealand white rabbits, which were immunosuppressed daily cyclosporin A (CsA), inoculated into their right eyes aliquots 1.5×10⁶/50 μl 92.1 human uveal cells cultured RPMI. At week...

Acute maternal hyperoxygenation (MH) testing leverages two aspects of fetal cardiovascular physiology: (1) the normally high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR); and (2) changes in PVR upon exposure to increased oxygen tension1, 2. Normal is relative systemic resistance, directing blood ejected from right ventricle preferentially across ductus arteriosus, with a small proportion entering arteries (PAs)1. By extension, modest amount left atrial filling via veins. After delivery, mechanical...

Context: Snakebite remains an underrated cause of accidental death in modern India, primarily rural where people fail to reach out medicine and fall victim the handful quacks using traditional healing methods. If promptly diagnosed treated based on various clinical determinants like mode presentation, time medical intervention, recognition species, analysis a series reliably identified bites, treatment outcome would be more promising. We aimed study snakebite patients' profile tertiary care...

Drug delivery directly to the corneal stroma currently relies on microscopic injections that demonstrate low reproducibility and clinician-dependent variability. With use of biological drugs such as adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors, precise consistent drug deposition is critical reduce concerns related off-target transduction host's immune response capsid and/or transgene-derived product. Therefore, a injection (PCI) microneedle was designed allow accurate depth-specific into in...

In continuous speech recognition, when using statistical language models (e.g. bigrams) a significant amount of time is used every frame to evaluate interword transitions. fact, if N the size vocabulary, O(N/sup 2/) operations are required per frame. Also, evaluating fully connected HMM with states, Viterbi algorithm requires This paper presents first break complexity requirement in algorithm, whether transitions or HMM. The presented has an average O(N/spl radic/N). Previous speed-ups...