A5048277918- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Fungal Biology and Applications
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Polydiacetylene-based materials and applications
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Studies on Chitinases and Chitosanases
Innsbruck Medical University
2016-2025
Universität Innsbruck
2016-2025
Austrian Academy of Sciences
1997-2002
Industrial Union of Metalworkers
1981
RWTH Aachen University
1981
Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
1974
Abstract Although it is generally recognized that the function of immune system declines with age, nature underlying defects still poorly understood. We now demonstrate predominance CD8+CD28− T cell clonal expansions in elderly persons who fail to produce specific Abs following influenza vaccination. These clones express effector markers and are mostly CD45RA+. When isolated put into culture, they unable proliferate, but IFN-γ (but no IL-5) upon stimulation anti-CD3 or autoantigen....
The appearance of inflammatory markers associated with amyloid plaques indicates a state chronic inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multiple epidemiological studies also suggest that patients taking anti-inflammatory drugs have decreased risk developing AD. Here we present evidence cytokines can alter the metabolism β-am-yloid precursor protein (βAPP). We show combination tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ triggers production β-amyloid peptides inhibits secretion soluble APPs by...
Antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) are widely distributed in nature. In higher eukaryotes, AMPs provide the host with an important defence mechanism against invading pathogens. of lower eukaryotes and prokaryotes may support successful competition for nutrients other microorganisms same ecological niche. show a vast variety structure, function, antimicrobial spectrum action. Most interestingly, there is growing evidence that also fulfil biological functions than activity. The present review...
ABSTRACT The small, basic, and cysteine-rich antifungal protein PAF is abundantly secreted into the supernatant by β-lactam producer Penicillium chrysogenum . inhibits growth of various important plant zoopathogenic filamentous fungi. Previous studies revealed active internalization induction multifactorial detrimental effects, which finally resulted in morphological changes inhibition target In present study, we offer detailed insights mechanism action give evidence for a programmed cell...
Penicillium antifungal protein (PAF) is a promising antimycotic without toxic effects on mammalian cells and therefore may represent drug candidate against the often lethal Aspergillus infections that occur in humans. The pathogenesis of PAF sensitive fungi involves G-protein coupled signalling followed by apoptosis. In present study, solution structure this small, cationic, from chrysogenum determined NMR. We demonstrate belongs to structural classification proteins fold class its closest...
Small, cysteine-rich and cationic proteins with antimicrobial activity are produced by diverse organisms of all kingdoms represent promising molecules for drug development. The ancestor industrial penicillin producing strains, the ascomycete Penicillium chryosgenum Q176, secretes extensively studied antifungal protein PAF. However, genome this strain harbours at least two more genes that code other small, potential activity. In study, we characterized pafB gene product shows high similarity...
Antifungal proteins of fungal origin (AFPs) are small, secreted, cationic, and cysteine-rich proteins. Filamentous fungi encode a wide repertoire AFPs belonging to different phylogenetic classes, which offer great potential develop new antifungals for the control pathogenic fungi. The fungus Penicillium expansum is one few reported three each class (A, B, C). In this work, production putative from P. was evaluated, but only representative A, PeAfpA, identified in culture supernatants native...
Small, cysteine-rich and cationic antifungal proteins (APs) from filamentous ascomycetes, such as NFAP Neosartorya fischeri PAF Penicillium chrysogenum, are promising candidates for novel drug development. A prerequisite their application is a detailed knowledge about structure–function relation mode of action, which would allow protein modelling to enhance toxicity specificity. Technologies structure analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) or NMR spectroscopy, require highly purified...
ABSTRACT The antifungal protein AFP from Aspergillus giganteus is highly effective in restricting the growth of major human- and plant-pathogenic filamentous fungi. However, a fundamental prerequisite for use as an drug complete understanding its mode action. In this study, we performed several analyses focusing on assumption that chitin biosynthesis sensitive fungi targeted by AFP. Here show N-terminal domain (amino acids 1 to 33) sufficient efficient binding but not adequate inhibition...
The antifungal protein PAF from Penicillium chrysogenum exhibits growth-inhibitory activity against a broad range of filamentous fungi. Evidence this study suggests that disruption Ca(2+) signaling/homeostasis plays an important role in the mechanistic basis as growth inhibitor. Supplementation medium with high concentrations counteracted toxicity toward PAF-sensitive molds. By using transgenic Neurospora crassa strain expressing codon-optimized aequorin, was found to cause significant...
Filamentous fungi encode distinct antifungal proteins (AFPs) that offer great potential to develop new antifungals. Fungi are considered immune their own AFPs as occurs in Penicillium chrysogenum, the producer of well-known PAF. The digitatum genome encodes only one afp gene (afpB), and corresponding protein (AfpB) belongs class B phylogenetic cluster. Previous attempts detect AfpB were not successful. In this work, immunodetection confirmed absence accumulation wild type previous...
In response to the growth of emerging resistance conventional antifungal drugs, proteins (AFPs) filamentous Ascomycetes origin have been discovered in recent years. Understanding structure AFPs is crucial for elucidating their mechanisms and developing new therapeutic agents. While nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has proven effective determining structures small proteins, some AFP remain unresolved, necessitating use alternative prediction methods. Through bioinformatics analysis heatmaps...
Abstract Background The antifungal protein AFP NN5353 is a defensin-like of Aspergillus giganteus . It belongs to group secretory proteins with low molecular mass, cationic character and high content cysteine residues. inhibits the germination growth filamentous ascomycetes, including important human plant pathogens model organsims nidulans niger Results We determined an hypersensitive phenotype non-functional A. mutants in kinase C (Pkc)/mitogen-activated (Mpk) signalling pathway induction...
Abstract Transition between conformational states in proteins is being recognized as a possible key factor of function. In support this, hidden dynamic NMR structures were detected several cases up to populations few percent. Here, we show by two‐ and three‐state analysis thermal unfolding, that the population may weight 20–40 % at 298 K disulfide‐rich protein. addition, sensitive 15 N‐CEST experiments identified low populated (0.15 %) state was slow exchange with folded PAF Remarkably,...
The increasing number of life-threatening Candida infections caused by antifungal drug-resistant strains urges the development new therapeutic strategies. small, cysteine-rich, and cationic Neosartorya fischeri protein 2 (NFAP2) effectively inhibits growth spp. Limiting factors its future application, are low-yield production native producer, unavailable information about potential clinical unsolved relationship between structure function. In present study we adopted a Penicillium...
Penicillium phytopathogenic species provoke severe postharvest disease and economic losses. expansum is the main pome fruit phytopathogen while digitatum italicum cause citrus green blue mold, respectively. Control strategies rely on use of synthetic fungicides, but appearance resistant strains safety concerns have led to search for new antifungals. Here, potential application different antifungal proteins (AFPs) including three chrysogenum (PAF, PAFB PAFC), as well Neosartorya fischeri...
ABSTRACT Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from ε-amino group distinct lysine residues in amino-terminal tail core histones. Since acetylation status histones plays a crucial role fundamental processes eukaryotic organisms, such as replication and regulation transcription, recent research has focused on enzymes responsible for acetylation/deacetylation Very recently, we showed that HdaA, member Saccharomyces cerevisiae HDA1-type histone deacetylases, is...