Background: Nurses are usually the first to identify need for and initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on patients with arrest in hospital setting. Cardiopulmonary has been shown reduce in-hospital deaths when received from adequately trained health care professionals.Aim: We aimed investigate nurses’ retention of CPR knowledge skills at district hospitals Botswana.Methods: A quantitative, quasi-experimental study was conducted three Botswana. pre-test, intervention, post-test, a...

Prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) is a dialysis modality for critically ill patients that in theory combines the superior detoxification and haemodynamic stability of continuous (CRRT) with operational convenience, reduced haemorrhagic risk low cost conventional haemodialysis. However, extent to which PIRRT should replace these other modalities uncertain because comparative studies mortality are lacking. We retrospectively examined data from three general intensive...

This was a cross-sectional study designed to assess the validity of Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for detecting undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among general medical outpatients in Botswana. Participants aged ≥20 years without previously diagnosed were screened by (1) an 8-item risk assessment questionnaire and (2) Haemoglobin A1c test. Data from 291 participants analyzed (74.2% females). The mean age 50.1 (SD = ±11) years, prevalence 42 (14.4%) with no significant differences between gender (20%...

Background Maternal mortality due to abortion complications stands among the three leading causes of maternal death in Botswana where there is a restrictive law. This study aimed at assessing patterns and determinants post-abortion complications. Methods A retrospective institution based cross-sectional was conducted four hospitals from January August 2014. Data were extracted patients’ records with regards their socio-demographic variables, length hospital stay. Descriptive statistics...

Despite the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases, access to quality decentralized disease services remain limited in many low-and middle-income countries.Here we describe strategies employed drive process from adaptation national endorsement and implementation 2016 Botswana primary healthcare guidelines for adults.The included detailed multilevel assessment with broad stakeholder inputs in-depth analysis local data; leveraging academic partnerships; facilitating development supporting...

Introduction Cervical cancer, a malignancy caused by infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus, disproportionally affects women from low resource settings. Persistence of papillomavirus may mediate an association between tobacco use and cervical cancer. In limited settings, indigenous communities are often marginalized do not benefit evidence-based interventions to prevent or cancer due the reach mainstream healthcare services these communities. This study determined smoking high-risk...

Low- and middle-income countries, including Botswana, are facing rising prevalence of obesity obesity-related cardiometabolic complications. Very little information is known about clustering cardiovascular risk factors in the outpatient setting during routine visits. We aimed to assess identify determinants metabolic syndrome among general outpatients' attendances Botswana.A cross-sectional study was conducted from August October 2014 involving outpatients aged ≥20 years without diagnosis...

<h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether regulatory variations in the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) promoter (GT)_<i>n</i> dinucleotide repeat length could identify unique population genetic risks for neurocognitive impairment (NCI) persons living with HIV (PLWH), we genotyped 528 neurocognitively assessed PLWH of European American and African descent linked genotypes to cognitive status. <h3>Methods</h3> In this cross-sectional study (the CNS Antiretroviral Therapy Effect Research...

Background. Policy changes are often necessary to contain the detrimental impact of epidemics such as those brought about by coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In earlier phases emergence COVID-19, China was first impose strict restrictions on movement (lockdown) January 23rd, 2020. A strategy whose effectiveness in curtailing COVID-19 yet be determined. We, therefore, sought study lockdown reducing incidence COVID-19. Methods. Daily cases that occurred which were registered between 12th and...

The objective of this study was to determine the burden diagnosed and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus among patients hospitalised with acute heart failure in Botswana.The enrolled 193 consecutive admitted medical wards at Princess Marina Hospital Gaborone. Patients were classified as previously known diabetics, diabetics (glycated haemoglobin ≥ 6.5%) or non-diabetics < 6.5%). Data on other comorbid conditions such hypertension, atrial fibrillation, ischaemic disease, stroke, renal also...

Introduction: The prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders continues to rise despite the widespread use antiretroviral therapy. We aimed define risk dysfunction among smokers relative nonsmokers. Methods: conducted a retrospective cohort study including HIV-infected adults ages 21 65 years. Mental Alternation Test (MAT) was primary outcome. odds cognitive impairment were compared using random-effects logistic regression adjust for potential confounders. Results: Of 3033, 1486...

Over the past 20 years, tuberculosis incidence in southern Africa has increased at an alarming rate, fuelled primarily by human immunodeficiency virus epidemic. The emerging prevalence of diabetes mellitus region represents a new threat to control. intersecting double burden is cause for concern since increases risk and results poor treatment outcomes. This review article discusses evidence causal association between these two conditions, examines numerous clinical challenges that relate...

Background: Tobacco use is prevalent amongst individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In resource-constrained settings, pharmacological smoking cessation interventions are unfeasible because of their high cost. There a need to develop and evaluate behavioural address the unique challenges tobacco in HIV-infected populations these settings. Objectives: The authors aimed assess feasibility acceptability Behavioural Activation/Problem Solving for Smoking Cessation (BAPS-SC)...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the respiratory caused by virus now called as SARS-CoV-2 and first identified in Wuhan, China, has spread to all regions of world. At time this write-up, over 5.1 million people had been infected globally. The World Health Organization estimates that Africa 5 would need hospital admission during course pandemic. Interventions prevent include social distancing nationwide lockdowns, which, whilst necessary, have negative effects not only on economic status...

Botswana has the second highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in world, and yet it built one Africa's most progressive comprehensive HIV programs. While public health infrastructure responded remarkably to epidemic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly diabetes mellitus cardiovascular disease, both HIV-infected non-infected individuals, is increasing rapidly. Applying lessons learned from scale-up HIV/AIDS services may...

Background Post abortion complications are the third leading cause of maternal death after hemorrhage and hypertension in Botswana where is not legalized. This study aimed at assessing management post Botswana. Methods A retrospective was conducted four hospitals 2014. Socio-demographic, patient outcomes data were extracted from patients' medical records. Descriptive statistics chi-square test used to analyze present data. Result total 619 records reviewed. The duration hospital stay prior...

Background: Family Medicine (FM) training is new in Botswana. No previous evaluation of the experiences and opinions residents University Botswana (UB) programme has been reported.Aims: This study explored assessed residents’ satisfaction with FM at UB solicited potential strategies for improvement from residents.Methods: A descriptive survey using a self-administered questionnaire based on Likert-type scale open-ended questions was used to collect data UB. Results: Eight out 14 eligible...

Successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) relies, in part, on the availability and correct functioning of equipment. These data are often lacking resource-constrained African settings.To assess functional status CPR equipment trolleys at district hospitals Botswana.The study was conducted across four Botswana.A cross-sectional using a checklist adopted following Emergency Medical Services South Africa (EMSSA) guidelines, modified contextualised to Botswana.All had inadequate number...

The demography of Botswana is rapidly changing. Successes in tackling communicable diseases and economic development increased life expectancy from 53.7 years 2006 to 66.8 2016. prevalence associated with older age, especially chronic non-communicable including diabetes, hypertension cerebrovascular disease are suspected have but accurate data lacking. country has high youth unemployment national retirement at the age 60, which limits opportunity build pensions for prosperity age. Changes...

Understanding the pattern and gaps in blood product utilisation post-abortion care is crucial for evidence-based planning priority setting.To describe current use of components Botswana.We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study across four hospitals Botswana using routine patients' records. We included all patients admitted an abortion between January August 2014. Descriptive statistics are used to report results.Whole red cell concentrates were 59/619 (9·5%) patients. Plasma...