Deep brain stimulation therapy is an effective symptomatic treatment for Parkinson's disease, yet the precise mechanisms responsible its therapeutic effects remain unclear. Although targets of deep are grey matter structures, axonal modulation known to play important role in stimulation's mechanism. Several white structures proximity subthalamic nucleus have been implicated clinical benefits disease. We assessed connectivity patterns that characterize clinically beneficial electrodes disease...

Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to dysfunction in multiple cortico-striatal circuits. The neurodegeneration has also been associated with impaired white matter integrity. This structural and functional “disconnection” PD needs further characterization. We investigated the organization of whole brain connectome consisting 200 nodes using diffusion tensor imaging resting-state MRI, respectively. Data from 20 non-demented patients on dopaminergic medication matched controls were analyzed graph...

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective surgical treatment for movement disorders. Although sites disorders such as Parkinson's disease are established, the therapeutic mechanisms of DBS remain controversial. Recent research suggests that specific white-matter tract and circuit activation mediates symptom relief. To investigate these questions, we have developed a patient-specific open-source software pipeline called 'DBSproc' (1) localizing electrodes contacts from postoperative CT...

To adapt successfully to our environments, we must use the outcomes of choices guide future behavior. Critically, be able correctly assign credit for any particular outcome causal features which preceded it. In some cases, may immediately evident, whereas in others they separated time or intermingled with irrelevant environmental stimuli, creating a potentially nontrivial credit-assignment problem. We examined neuronal representation information relevant assignment dorsolateral prefrontal...

MRI-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy has been shown to be an effective treatment for medication refractory essential tremor. Here, we report a clinical-radiological analysis of 123 cases thalamotomy, and explore the relationships between parameters, lesion characteristics outcomes. All patients undergoing by single surgeon were included. The procedure was performed as previously described, followed up 1 year. MRI 24 h post-treatment, locations volumes calculated. We retrospectively...

Tremor, a common and often primary symptom of Parkinson's disease, has been modeled with distinct onset maintenance dynamics. To identify the neurophysiologic correlates each state, we acquired intraoperative cortical subthalamic nucleus recordings from 10 patients (9 male, 1 female) performing naturalistic visual–motor task. From this task, isolated short epochs tremor sustained tremor. Comparing these epochs, found that was central to onset, as it drove both motor activity output. Once...

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling condition characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors. A subset of individuals have severe, treatment-resistant illness are nonresponsive to medication or behavioral therapies. Without response conventional therapeutic options, surgical intervention becomes an appropriate consideration. To report clinical outcomes the safety profile bilateral ventral anterior capsulotomy for OCD using magnetic resonance (MR)-guided laser...

Abstract Objective Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is typically performed with one trajectory to target the medial (MTL). MTL structures such as piriform and entorhinal cortex are epileptogenic, but due their relative geometry, they difficult while simultaneously maintaining adequate ablation of amygdala hippocampus. We hypothesized that a two‐trajectory approach could improve all relevant structures. First, we created large‐scale computer...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with gait and visuomotor abnormalities, but it not clear where PD patients look during ambulation. We sought to characterize the visual areas of interest explored by patients, without freezing (FOG), compared healthy volunteers (HVs). Using an eye-tracking device, we fixation patterns in 17 HVs 18 FOG, ambulatory a nonambulatory, computer-based task. During ambulation, FOG fixated more on proximal ground less target destination. displayed pattern...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by distinct motor phenomena that are expressed asynchronously. Understanding the neurophysiological correlates of these states could facilitate monitoring progression and allow improved assessments therapeutic efficacy, as well enable optimal closed-loop neuromodulation. We examined neural activity in basal ganglia cortex 31 subjects with PD during a quantitative task to decode tremor bradykinesia – two cardinal signs relatively asymptomatic periods...

<b><i>Background/Objectives:</i></b> To create an open-source method for reconstructing microelectrode recording (MER) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode coordinates along multiple parallel trajectories with patient-specific DBS implantation platforms to facilitate research. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We combined the surgical geometry (extracted from WayPoint Planner), pre-/intra-/postoperative computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic...

Abstract Objective. Identifying neural activity biomarkers of brain disease is essential to provide objective estimates burden, obtain reliable feedback regarding therapeutic efficacy, and potentially serve as a source control for closed-loop neuromodulation. In Parkinson’s (PD), microelectrode recordings (MER) are routinely performed in the basal ganglia guide electrode implantation deep stimulation (DBS). While pathologically-excessive oscillatory has been observed linked PD motor...

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder characterized by heterogenous motor dysfunction with fluctuations in severity. Objective, short-timescale characterization of this necessary as therapies become increasingly adaptive. Objectives: This study aims to characterize novel, naturalistic, and goal-directed tablet-based task complementary analysis protocol designed the features PD. Methods: A total 26 patients PD without deep brain stimulation (DBS), 20...

Abstract Stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) is an increasingly utilized method for invasive monitoring in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Yet, the lack of standardization labeling electrodes hinders communication among clinicians. A rational clustering contacts based on anatomy rather than arbitrary physical leads may help clinical neurophysiologists interpret seizure networks. We identified SEEG post‐implant CTs and registered them to preoperative MRIs segmented...

ABSTRACT Identifying neural activity biomarkers of brain disease is essential to provide objective estimates burden, obtain reliable feedback regarding therapeutic efficacy, and potentially serve as a source control for closed-loop neuromodulation. In Parkinson’s Disease (PD), microelectrode recordings (MER) are routinely performed in the basal ganglia guide electrode implantation deep stimulation (DBS). While pathologically-excessive oscillatory has been observed linked PD motor dysfunction...

Abstract Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by distinct motor phenomena that are expressed asynchronously. Understanding the neurophysiological correlates of these different states could facilitate monitoring disease progression and allow improved assessments therapeutic efficacy, as well enable optimal closed-loop neuromodulation. We examined neural activity in basal ganglia cortex subjects with PD during a quantitative task to decode tremor bradykinesia — two cardinal signs this...

Abstract Objective Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the most common parasitic infections central nervous system. We present a case study 21-year-old African man with an isolated NCC lesion to left middle frontal gyrus, which also known as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Method A neuropsychological evaluation was requested by patient’s inpatient psychiatry team regarding worsening attention and depressive symptoms approximately 6 months after diagnosis treatment. Results...