We have developed a novel airway apparatus, AirWay Scope, which we used in the orotracheal intubation of 10 consecutive patients requiring general anesthesia before neurosurgical procedures. The characteristic shape introducer (INTLOCK), tube guiding function and sighting device Scope has possibility to facilitate tracheal intubation. Here, report first clinical application this system describe potential advantages apparatus.

Abstract Harnessing the regenerative potential of central nervous system to repopulate depleted cellular populations from endogenous stem cells would be a novel approach for treatment neurological diseases resulting cell death. Consequently, understanding if and how is capable such regeneration determine an feasible. In this report, we provide evidence widespread response in spinal cord amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transgenic mice. However, appears largely unproductive. We demonstrate that...

Since the levator and frontalis muscles lack interior muscle spindles despite being antigravity mixed to involuntarily sustain eyelid opening eyebrow lifting, this study has proposed a hypothetical mechanism compensate for anatomical defect. The voluntary contraction of fast-twitch fibres stretches mechanoreceptors in Müller's evoke proprioception, which continuously induces reflex slow-twitch muscles. This confirmed presence cell bodies trigeminal proprioceptive neurons that transmit After...

Previous studies have indicated that ErbB receptors for neuregulins play an important role in cardiac development and muscle spindle formation during embryogenesis; however, little is known about their functions adulthood. Recent reports indicate breast cancer therapy with humanized monoclonal ErbB2 antibody induces cardiomyopathy, suggesting serves as a crucial signaling receptor, even the adult heart. Here, we examine expression localization both skeletal of mice via immunoblot...

The total number of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the rat main epithelium (MOE) was estimated using stereological sampling. Skulls and noses newborn (postnatal day 0), young adult (8 weeks), (6 months) rats were decalcified, embedded paraffin, cut into 10-μm thick sections serially at 100-μm intervals, processed for immunohistochemistry marker protein (OMP), a specific mature ORNs with fiber connections to bulb. OMP (+) measured an optical fractionator software (Stereoinvestigator)....

Object. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the extent and precise distribution of postganglionic sympathetic fibers in cranial nerves projecting orbit reconstruct routes humans. For this purpose, authors made an immunohistochemical determination by using antibody against norepinephrine-synthetic enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Methods. Specimens containing cavernous sinus were obtained from formalin-fixed human cadavers. First, it confirmed that superior cervical ganglion...

The neurotrophic effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on axotomized facial motor neurons was examined after local application HGF to the proximal nerve stump neonatal rat post-natal day one (P1). Motor neuron survival expressed as neuronal cell count injured side a percentage that noninjured side. control group 76% P3, 54% P5 and 23% P8, HGF-treated 78% 69% 31% brain-derived (BDNF)-treated 91% 45% P8. rates were then adjusted by deducting corresponding uninjured retroauricular branch...

The present study was aimed at determining the functionally essential size of neuronal population in central olfactory nervous system. Using conditioned rats who had learnt to avoid repellent (cycloheximide) solution by olfaction, varying degrees injuries were made lateral tract, a major pathway connecting bulb cortex. After examining their ability discriminate cycloheximide from water, intact bulbar projection neurons (mitral cells) with fiber connections cortex quantified using retrograde...

Abstract Functional roles of the perioral anatomical structures involved in breastfeeding were examined newborn rat pups which hypoglossal (XII) and facial (VII) nerves had been resected at neonatal stage. The XII nerve controls tongue movement is comprised two functionally distinct branches: medial branch related to protrusion lateral its retraction. Newborn with bilateral resection either components (main trunk: XII‐trunk; branch: XII‐med; XII‐lat) failed suckle milk did not survive....

Critical periods and degrees of regeneration in injured olfactory bulbar projection neurons (mitral cells) were examined adult rats whose lateral tracts (LOTs) transected at different postnatal (P) days. After the LOTs P7, P10, P14, a retrograde fluorescent tracer, Fluoro-Gold (FG), was injected into posterior cortex (the tubercle piriform cortex), target brain region mitral cells, 5 weeks after transection. FG (+) cells observed P7 LOT-transected bulbs some P10 but not P14 bulbs. Neuron...

THE purpose of the present study was to examine immunohistochemically expression nestin and polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule in calretinin-immunoreactive neurons rostral migratory stream, restricted pathway through which neuronal precursor cells migrate towards olfactory bulb. Using mirror sectioning, stream were shown co-express (20.8%) (61.8%). The results show that still express immature phenotypes.

Object. This study was performed to provide quantitative data on the number of surviving facial motor neurons that extend regenerated nerve fibers through nerve-injured site and reveal relationship between function those in which has been transected or resected neonatal rats. Methods. After transection nerves 1-day-old rat pups, estimated postoperative Day 56 a retrograde neuronal tracer applied specific branch responsible for whisker movement. The mean tracer-labeled control rats 2623 ± 31...

Abstract The hypoglossal (XII) nerve is made up of functionally different branches: the medial branch related to protrusion tongue and lateral its retraction. present study was performed determine effects facial (VII) XII injuries on survival growth rats in which unilateral or bilateral VII components (main trunk, XII‐trunk; branch, XII‐med; XII‐lat) had been resected at developmental stages. In suckling period, as well XII‐trunk XII‐med produced disturbed milk intake, lower rates...

The present study was conducted to examine whether repeated crush injuries have significant effects on motor functional recovery of peripheral nerves.Repeated the sciatic nerve were inflicted adult rats at 1-week intervals, and functionality assessed by static index each week for 8 weeks after final injury. To determine nerve, tibialis anterior muscle fibers from single triple examined, fiber size reinnervation during 2- 4-week period injury measured.Compared injuries, which completely...