Abstract Background The intestinal protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is an important cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. A national microbiological surveillance programme was implemented in Sweden 2018 order to increase knowledge the molecular epidemiology human cryptosporidiosis better understand transmission patterns and potential zoonotic sources. This article summarises results first five years programme. Methods -positive faecal DNA samples from domestically acquired infections were...

Differentiation into infectious cysts through the process of encystation is crucial for transmission and survival intestinal protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis. Hitherto majority studies have focused on early events, leaving late poorly defined. In order to further study encystation, focusing later we developed a new protocol that generates higher yield mature compared standard methods. Transcriptome changes during entire differentiation from trophozoites were thereafter studied using...

In 2012, WHO/FAO ranked 24 foodborne parasites (FBP) using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to provide risk assessors with a basis for prioritising control of highly FBP on the global level. One conclusion was that ranking may differ substantially per region. Europe, same methodology used rank relevance Europe. Of FBP, top-five prioritised were identified Europe as Echinococcus multilocularis, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichinella spiralis, E. granulosus, and Cryptosporidium spp., all which...

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are insect vectors economically important veterinary diseases such as African horse sickness virus and bluetongue virus. However, identification based on morphological features is difficult. The sequencing mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), referred to DNA barcoding, has been proposed a tool for rapid species. Hence, study was undertaken establish barcodes all morphologically determined species in Swedish...

Infectious disease involving multiple genetically distinct populations of pathogens is frequently concurrent, but difficult to detect or describe with current routine methodology. Cryptosporidium sp. a widespread gastrointestinal protozoan global significance in both animals and humans. It cannot be easily maintained culture infections strains have been reported. To explore the potential use single cell genomics methodology for revealing genome-level variation clinical samples from...

Abstract Background Feline cryptosporidiosis is an increasing problem, especially in catteries. In humans, close contact with cats could be a potential source of infection although the risk contracting caused by Cryptosporidium felis considered to relatively low. Sequencing 60-kDa glycoprotein gene commonly used tool for investigation genetic diversity and transmission dynamics species. However, until now sequence gp60 from C. has not been available genotyping limited less discriminatory...

SUMMARY A study was carried out to investigate how common Cryptosporidium infections are in beef calves Swedish suckler herds and explore which species subtypes that occur. We further aimed at identifying factors associated with shedding of oocysts this type calf management. The conducted two regions Sweden included 30 herds. Faecal samples were collected from younger than 3 months. brief clinical examination done a questionnaire used collect data on management routines. Faeces cleaned...

Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite that transmitted to both humans and animals through zoonotic or anthroponotic means. When host infected with this parasite, it causes gastrointestinal disease known as cryptosporidiosis. To understand the transmission dynamics of Cryptosporidium, small subunit (SSU 18S) rRNA gp60 genes are commonly studied PCR analysis conventional Sanger sequencing. However, analyzing sequence chromatograms manually time consuming prone human error, especially in...

In humans, the risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis caused by Cryptosporidium felis is considered to be relatively low, and most confirmed cases have been observed in immunocompromised patients. Both anthroponotic zoonotic transmission routes suggested. Here, we report a case suspected C. from cat human. The developed diarrhea several months before such symptoms were displayed its owner, 37-year-old immunocompetent woman. presence identical SSU rRNA, HSP70, COWP gene sequences was verified...

In order to improve genotyping and epidemiological analysis of Cryptosporidium spp., genomic data need be generated directly from a broad range clinical specimens. Utilizing robust method that we developed for the purification generation amplified target DNA, present its application successful isolation whole-genome sequencing 14 different hominis patient Six isolates subtype IbA10G2 were analyzed together with single representative each 8 other subtypes: IaA20R3, IaA23R3, IbA9G3, IbA13G3,...

Mitochondrial genome content and structure vary widely across the eukaryotic tree of life, with protists displaying extreme examples. Apicomplexan dinoflagellate have evolved highly reduced mitochondrial sequences, mtDNA, consisting only three cytochrome genes fragmented rRNA genes. Here, we report independent evolution in Toxoplasma related tissue coccidia a novel architecture minimally 21 sequence blocks (SBs) totaling 5.9 kb that exist as nonrandom concatemers. Single-molecule Nanopore...

Most cases of cryptosporidiosis in humans are caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis. However, more uncommon species increasingly being recognised to cause infection humans. Here we report that chipmunk genotype I, which has various rodents as its natural host, is the third most common source human Sweden. We also describe first small outbreak I and case zoonotic transmission from a red squirrel human. was identified 20 cases, including 16 sporadic three outbreak-related one case, well...

Five complimentary studies were undertaken with the overall aim to examine ability of free-living stages Haemonchus contortus over-winter and tolerate cold stress. Two deal development long-term survival eggs infective larvae two geographically different isolates (Kenya Sweden). Eggs monitored in climatic chambers at temperatures that fluctuated daily between -1 degrees C 15 C, or constant 5 C. The from egg was dependent on over long time favoured lower temperatures. Furthermore,...

In March 2013, a veterinary student tested positive for Cryptosporidium; four classmates reported similar gastrointestinal symptoms. We aimed to identify source(s) and risk factors Cryptosporidium infection in university persons symptomatic between 21 January 14 April 2013. Sixty-four (79%) students from cohort of 81 fourth-year completed questionnaires, identifying 13 cases; were parvum GP60 subtype IIaA16G1R1b, two IIdA24G1, seven did not submit stool samples. Thirteen cases attended the...

Cryptosporidium felis is the major etiologic agent of cryptosporidiosis in felines and has been reported numerous human cases. Sequence analysis 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene developed for subtyping C. recently. In this study, 66 isolates from United States, Jamaica, Peru, Portugal, Slovakia, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Kenya, China, India Australia were subtyped using newly established tool. Forty-four specimens yielded gp60 sequences, generating 23 subtypes clustered 4 subtype families (XIXa,...

Fresh fruit, vegetables, mushrooms, and other fresh produce are recognised as important vehicles of infection for several foodborne parasites, particularly those with a faecal-oral transmission route robust environmental stages. Nevertheless, analysis such foods parasite stages, even during outbreaks, tends to show only low contamination. Echinococcus multilocularis is considered one the most but there few studies in which or like collected their natural habitat analysed contamination E....