A5084275170- Gut microbiota and health
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
Fera Science (United Kingdom)
2020-2023
Quadram Institute
2013-2017
Norwich Research Park
2005-2017
University of East Anglia
2013-2016
John Innes Centre
2005-2013
University of Sussex
1999-2003
University of Warwick
2000
University of Alberta
1998
Birkbeck, University of London
1993-1994
The multicellular nature of plants requires that cells should communicate in order to coordinate essential functions. This is achieved part by molecular flux through pores the cell wall, called plasmodesmata. We describe proteomic analysis plasmodesmata purified from walls Arabidopsis suspension cells. Isolated were seen as membrane-rich structures largely devoid immunoreactive markers for plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic components. Using nano-liquid chromatography an...
With the completion of sequencing Arabidopsis genome and recent advances in proteomic technology, identification proteins from highly complex mixtures is now possible. Rather than using gel electrophoresis peptide mass fingerprinting, we have used multidimensional protein technology (MudPIT) to analyse "tightly-bound" proteome for purified cell walls suspension cultures. Using bioinformatics prediction signal peptides targeting secretory pathway absence ER retention signal, 89 were selected...
Abstract The gastrointestinal mucus layer is colonized by a dense community of microbes catabolizing dietary and host carbohydrates during their expansion in the gut. Alterations mucosal carbohydrate availability impact on composition microbial species. Ruminococcus gnavus commensal anaerobe present tract >90% humans overrepresented inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Using combination genomics, enzymology crystallography, we show that mucin-degrader R. ATCC 29149 strain produces an...
Polarized growth in eukaryotes requires polar multiprotein complexes. Here, we establish that selection and maintenance of cell polarity for also a dedicated assembly the filamentous bacterium, Streptomyces coelicolor . We present evidence tip organizing center confirm two its main components: Scy ( cytoskeletal element), unique bacterial coiled-coil protein with an unusual repeat periodicity, known determinant DivIVA. link between filament-forming FilP. Interestingly, both deletion...
The mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium is critical in selecting and maintaining homeostatic interactions with our gut bacteria. However, underpinning mechanisms of these are not understood. Here, we provide structural functional insights into canonical mucus-binding protein (MUB), a multi-repeat cell-surface adhesin found Lactobacillus inhabitants GI tract. X-ray crystallography together small-angle scattering demonstrated 'beads on string' arrangement repeats,...
Cytoplasmic dynein is the major minus end-directed microtubule motor in eukaryotes. However, there little structural insight into how different cargos are recognized and linked to complex. Here we describe 2.2 Å resolution crystal structure of a cargo-binding region adaptor Bicaudal-D (BicD), which reveals parallel coiled-coil homodimer. We identify shared binding site for two cargo-associated proteins—Rab6 RNA-binding protein Egalitarian (Egl)—within BicD with classical, homotypic core...
Abstract Ruminococcus gnavus is a human gut symbiont wherein the ability to degrade mucins mediated by an intramolecular trans -sialidase ( Rg NanH). NanH comprises GH33 catalytic domain and sialic acid-binding carbohydrate-binding module (CBM40). Here we used glycan arrays, STD NMR, X-ray crystallography, mutagenesis binding assays determine structure function of NanH_CBM40 CBM40). CBM40 displays canonical β-sandwich fold broad specificity towards sialoglycans with millimolar affinity α2,3-...
The gastrointestinal tract microbiota interacts with the host to modulate metabolic phenotype. interaction could thus provide insights into why some low birthweight pigs can exhibit compensatory growth whilst others remain stunted. study aimed identify markers associated (low (n = 13) or normal 13)) and performance ("good" "poor" average daily gain class). Furthermore, determined whether taxonomic were longitudinal, time point specific in their ability who growth. Faecal samples collected...
Summary The mucus layer covering the gastrointestinal tract is first point of contact intestinal microbiota with host. Cell surface macromolecules are critical for adherence commensal bacteria to but structural information scarce. Here we report molecular and characterization a novel cell‐surface protein, Lar _0958 from L actobacillus reuteri JCM 1112 T , mediating adhesion . human strains mucus. modular protein 133 kDa containing six repeat domains, an N ‐terminal signal sequence C...
The coiled coil is a ubiquitous protein-folding motif. It generally accepted that coils are characterized by sequence patterns known as heptad repeats. Such direct the formation and assembly of amphipathic alpha-helices, hydrophobic faces which interface in specific manner first proposed Crick termed "knobs-into-holes packing". We developed software, SOCKET, to recognize this packing protein structures. As expected, trawl data bank, we found examples canonical with single contiguous repeat....
Knowledge of periparturient longitudinal changes in sow microbiota composition is necessary to fully understand her role the development piglet microbiota, but also improve gut health and performance lactation. Primiparous sows face challenge partitioning nutrients support maternal growth addition supporting foetal demands Additional metabolic stress present during period may induce profile between primiparous multiparous sows. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, study aimed characterise...
Zymoseptoria tritici is the causal agent of Septoria blotch, most important disease affecting wheat crops and responsible for up to 50% loss in yield. Azoles SDHIs are main groups fungicides used control disease. The efficacy these has decreased recent years due resistance development. Fungicide can be a result mutations target genes, upstream regulatory elements that over-expression proteins overexpression transporters remove toxic compounds from cells. In current study nanopore sequencing...
Clostridium botulinum produces neurotoxins (BoNTs), highly potent substances responsible for botulism. Currently, mathematical models of C. growth and toxigenesis are largely aimed at risk assessment do not include explicit genetic information beyond group level but integrate many component processes, such as signalling, membrane permeability metabolic activity. In this paper we present a scheme modelling neurotoxin production in Group I type A1, based on the integration diverse coming from...
The interaction of water molecules with apolar amino acids is an important aspect the hydrophobic effect and hence protein folding. Our distributed multipole electrostatic model for interacting phenylalanine dipeptides shows that minimum energy sites exist above aromatic ring such a solvent molecule can interact π electrons, but only when this site not blocked by mainchain atoms or disturbed main-chain polar atoms. This consistent experimental evidence others hydrogen bond to n electrons. In...
Abstract In this paper, an automatic segmentation algorithm based on the threshold technique was designed for image of bananas in a crate. The pixels banana and background were selected discretely manually segmented regions, subsequently, nine color features extracted from RGB , HSV CIE L * b space. Three thresholds, which determined by statistical analysis B channel, used design algorithm. intuitive comparison applied qualitative assessment performance. results showed that outlines...
There are significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of how to sustainably manage agricultural soils preserve soil biodiversity. Here we evaluate and quantify the effects management location on microbiology using nine field trials that have consistently applied different practices United Kingdom DNA barcode sequence data. We tested basic hypothesis various interventions a greater effect bacterial fungal diversity than geographic location. The analyses microbial data date has lacked...
The coiled coil is a ubiquitous motif that guides many different protein-protein interactions. accepted hallmark of coils seven-residue (heptad) sequence repeat. positions this repeat are labelled a-b-c-d-e-f-g, with residues at and d tending to be hydrophobic. Such sequences form amphipathic alpha-helices, which assemble into helical bundles via knobs-into-holes interdigitation from neighbouring helices. We wrote an algorithm, SOCKET, identify packing in protein structures, used gather...