Background: Descriptive epidemiologists have repeatedly reported that males are more susceptible to head and neck cancers. However, most published data those of cross-sectional studies, no population-based cohort study has yet been published. The aim this was compare the prevalence cancers in healthy with females. Methods: A retrospective using Korean National Health Insurance Service database on 9,598,085 individuals who underwent regular health checkups from 1 January 31 December 2009. We...

Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that binds to the (ER), and exhibits potent anti-tumor autophagy-inducing effects in breast cancer cells. However, mechanism of raloxifene-induced cell death autophagy not well-established. So, we analyzed underlying induced by raloxifene MCF-7 Treatment with significantly accumulated GFP-LC3 puncta increased level autophagic marker proteins, such as LC3-II, BECN1, ATG12-ATG5 conjugates, indicating activated autophagy. also flux...

The aerodynamic size distribution of several bronchodilator and corticosteroid metered-dose inhaler (MDI) aerosols was estimated in both dry humid (90% RH) air environments with a six-stage cascade impactor. aerosol that penetrated into simulated lung model were also measured. distributions approximately log-normal ranged from 2.4 to 5.5 micron mass median diameter (MMAD) geometric standard deviation (GSD) 1.7 2.5 environment. In air, MMAD increased 1 26% above the state, but GSD remained...

Oropharyngeal deposition and subsequent delivery of metered-dose inhaler (MDI) aerosols into the lung were measured with actuator alone 4 different kinds auxiliary devices; open-end straight tube, Aerochamber, Nebuhaler, InspirEase. The total mass dry aerosol discharged directly from actuator, devices, through oropharyngeal model was determined by collecting on absolute filter weighing filter. Aerosol depositions in devices oropharynx as well amount delivered past percentages output alone....

Introduction. Mucosal margins exhibit a mean shrinkage of 30–40% after resection oral and oropharyngeal cancers, an adequate in situ surgical margin frequently results pathological close margin. However, the impact on prognosis remains unclear. We investigated disease-free survival (DFS) overall (OS). Methods. retrospectively reviewed clinicopathological data 418 patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinomas cavity or oropharynx who underwent initial surgery (with curative intent) at our...

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to determine the role lymph node micrometastasis in oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Methods We investigated presence micrometastases by cytokeratin immunohistochemical staining 54 patients with node‐negative carcinomas. Results positive rate expression 13.0% (7 patients). incidence significantly higher more invasive tumors ( p < .001) larger tumor size = .034). 5‐year disease‐specific (DS) survival correlated micrometastasis, margin...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxicants in particulate matter (PM). The vocal fold, part of the larynx and a key structure for voicing, is always contact with air. In recent epidemic studies, PM was shown to cause laryngitis; however, basic mechanism has not been evaluated. present study, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) proinflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed after exposing human fold fibroblasts (hVFFs) standard reference material (SRM 2786). Expression aryl...

Abstract The non-Mendelian mutant d48 of Paramecium tetraurelia contains micronuclear wild type A genes, but at autogamy and conjugation proper processing fails new macronuclei lack genes. When cloned genes are injected into the macronucleus d48, is restored next autogamy; rescued, becoming permanently type. In present study we have portions gene d48. We find that ability to rescue extends over a large portion gene, with highest activity near series 221-bp repeat units in middle gene....

A click chemistry-based PEG hydrogel was applied for vocal fold augmentation <italic>in vivo</italic>. In rabbit models, it stably fixed the paralyzed and minimized glottic gap.

Abstract Background: Although the pattern of cancer incidence in South Korea is not same as that western countries, urological will become one major cancers near future. The becoming steadily similar to countries. It is, therefore, important understand epidemiological features cancer. Surveillance and mortality trends provides clues etiology helps assess effects improved diagnostic, screening intervention measures. Methods: subjects study were 13 208 patients living Korea, newly diagnosed...

Vocal fold scarring is a major cause of dysphonia. fibroblasts (VFFs) and the TGF-β signaling pathway play important roles in scar formation. Eupatilin, chromone derivative Artemisia species, traditional folk remedy for wound healing. However, until recently, few studies investigated therapeutic effects eupatilin. We antifibrogenic eupatilin on TGF-β1-treated human vocal (hVFFs). The optimal concentration was determined by cell viability assay. Western blotting used to measure expression...

Objective This study investigated the ability of implanted human nasal inferior turbinate–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hTMSCs) to repair injured vocal folds. To this end, we used quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyze early phase wound healing and histopathological analysis explore late in xenograft animal models. Study Design Prospective study. Setting Research laboratory. Subjects Methods The right‐side lamina propria fold was 20 rabbits 30 rats. Next, hTMSCs...

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a higher risk of morbidity and/or mortality for various chronic diseases. The aim this study was to investigate the relationship laryngitis (CL) MetS and its components in representative Korean population. Data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2010) were analyzed. A total 10,360 adults who had undergone otolaryngological examination evaluated. prevalence CL population 3.1%. significantly patients than those without both...

Background: We investigated the association between BMI and HNC subtype incidence in a cohort study of ten million people, adjusting for effect smoking drinking. also relationship waist circumference (WC) subtype. Methods: All data used this originated from Korean National Health Insurance Service database. analysed subjects who had undergone health check-ups 2009 monitored until 2018 (n = 10,585,852). Finally, 9,598,085 were included after exclusions. collected variables that could affect...

Objectives: We undertook to verify the usefulness of computed tomography Hounsfield units (HU) in differentiating cholesteatoma from inflammatory tissue. Methods: In 91 enrolled cases, lesions were classified according gross pathology, and specific locations each lesion documented by 1 surgeon within day after operation. The densities HU non-cholesteatoma retrospectively measured 3 times same examiner, difference between two groups was analyzed. interobserver reliability among examiners...

Objective This study investigated the ability of hypoxia‐induced 25‐fold concentrated conditioned media (hCM) from human nasal inferior turbinate‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hTMSC) to repair injured vocal folds during early phase wound‐healing process. Methods The fold was in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Next, hCM hTMSC (the group) or were injected into folds. As a control, saline phosphate‐buffered same manner. harvested for quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at 1 week and 2...

Background and Objectives: Damage to the vocal folds frequently results in fibrosis, which can degrade quality due buildup of collagen modifications extracellular matrix (ECM). Conventional treatments have shown limited success reversing fibrotic changes. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) c-Met-targeting antibodies are promising their potential inhibit fibrosis promote regeneration. This research examines effectiveness injections containing c-Met agonistic relative HGF reducing within a rat...

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the vocal folds cannot be replaced after severe injury, but heal as scars. Scarred cause voice problems. Many treatments have been attempted for fold scarring, their effectiveness is limited because ECM composition does not normalize. Therefore, until now prevention scar formation has important. In field regenerative medicine, cell therapies such stem transplantation, and implantation several types growth factors with or without scaffolds used. this article,...

Atrophy of the vocal folds and accompanying glottic insufficiency affect quality life. Although growth factors have been used to treat muscle atrophy, their effectiveness is limited by short half-life.In total, 15 rabbits 24 rats were for study. The right recurrent laryngeal nerves all animals transected. One month following nerve transection, PBS (PBS group), rHGF (HGF or a c-Met agonistic antibody (c-Met group) was injected into paralyzed folds. larynges harvested from each group...