Epidemiological, pathological and molecular studies indicate that subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) infections are widely spread in "yellow chickens" of local breeds China. ALV-J induced tumour mortality the serological conversion rates to were very high some breeder flocks. Typical myelocytomatosis was demonstrated not only livers, spleens, kidneys, sternums, as white meat-type chickens, but also thymuses bursa Fabricius. Especially, severe myeloid cell infiltration found throughout...

Epidemiological studies of subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) and reticuloendotheliosis (REV) infections were conducted during 1999 to 2009 on 29 chicken flocks various commercial local breeds located in six provinces China. Samples typically from chickens with myelocytomas or proventricular lesions. ALV-J was isolated 25 including seven out containing "yellow chickens" other several layer chickens. REV 19 flocks. Co-infection confirmed 11/38 birds 8/15 myelocytomatosis 11/24 3/5 Both...

A total of 154 non-duplicate Salmonella isolates were recovered from 1,105 rectal swabs collected three large-scale chicken farms (78/325, 24.0%), duck (56/600, 9.3%) and pig (20/180, 11.1%) between April July 2016. Seven serotypes identified among the isolates, with most common serotype in chickens ducks being enteritidis pigs typhimurium. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that high antimicrobial resistance rates observed for tetracycline (72.0%) ampicillin (69.4%) all sources....

Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), a gammaretrovirus in the Retroviridae family, causes an immunosuppressive, oncogenic and runting-stunting syndrome multiple avian hosts. Allicin, main effective component of garlic, has broad spectrum pharmacological properties. The hypothesis that allicin could relieve REV-induced immunosuppression was investigated vivo vitro present study. results showed dietary supplementation ameliorated dysplasia immune dysfunction REV-infected chickens. Compared with...

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) immunity and intestinal epithelial barrier function at mucosal level, by using Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) infect specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens cells (IEC). We found that C. could decrease cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-8 TNF-α) via TLR4-, MyD88-, NF-κB-dependent pathways in tissues cells. Additionally, attenuate bacteria-induced damage increase expression level muc-2 ZO-1 intestine...

Abstract Background Candidemia is linked with high mortality, highlighting the critical importance of timely empirical antimicrobial therapy and precise medical intervention before a definite etiologic diagnosis. The current study aimed to investigate prevalence pathogens in patients candidemia evaluate potential independent risk factors for Candida albicans bloodstream infections (BSI), as well prognosis candidemia. Methods A retrospective bicentric observational was performed,...

The current study aimed to analyze the prevalence and characterization of

Colibacillosis, caused by Escherichia coli, is one of the most common bacterial diseases chickens. The high incidence and considerable economic losses associated with colibacillosis make it a significant concern worldwide. In recent years, efficacy colistin has been severely impacted emergence plasmid-mediated resistance genes, especially mcr-1. Therefore, monitoring antibiotic resistance, particularly amongst E. coli strains vitally important to future growth sustainability poultry...

Salmonella has been considered as one of the most important foodborne pathogens that threatened breeding industry and public health. To investigate prevalence characterization isolated from duck farms a slaughterhouse in Shandong province, total 49 strains were 2342 samples four Jinan Tai'an, China.Among isolates, S. Enteritidis (20/49, 40.8%) Anatum (10/49, 20.4%) prevalent, high resistance rates detected for erythromycin (49/49, 100.0%) nalidixic acid (47/49, 95.9%). Class I integrons 17...

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is reportedly actively involved in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the alterations gut and their correlation with fasting blood glucose (FBG) Chinese children T1DM remain unclear.To investigate associations clinical indicators.Samples from 51 47 age-matched gender-matched healthy controls were obtained, to explore structural functional fecal microbiota. The V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA gene sequenced on a MiSeq instrument,...

Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella remains an important for the poultry industry due to high morbidity and mortality in many countries. Phage therapy is becoming alternative strategy control multidrug-resistant infections young chicks. However, how bacteriophages affect growth performance of chicks infected with S. poorly understood. Herein, we assessed therapeutic efficacy phage CKT1 against hypervirulent arthritis-causing Pullorum. The results showed that single treatment after...

Avian astroviruses (AAstVs) have caused major problem for poultry breeding industries in China recent years, and the goose gout by astrovirus has produced particularly great economic losses. To better understand prevalence genetic diversity of AAstVs China, 1210 samples collected from eight provinces were tested with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect AAstV infections different populations. Then, Open reading frames 2 (ORF2) was amplified specific primers,...

Phage therapy is widely being reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including salmonellosis caused by Salmonella. As facultative intracellular parasites, Salmonella could spread vertical transmission and pose a great threat both human animal health; however, whether phage might provide optional strategy controlling infection remains unknown. Herein, we explored effect on enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (S....

To investigate the prevalence and resistance against antimicrobials of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Tai'an, March 2016, a total 55 E. strains were isolated from 60 faecal samples diarrheic rabbits collected three rabbit farms Tai'an. The isolates assayed for antimicrobial susceptibility genes Class I integrons genotyped using Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). All sensitive to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem, amikacin, while 78.2% showed tetracycline, 65.5% resistant ampicillin. most...

In this study, the prevalence, phenotypes, and clonal relationships of

The present study was designed to explore the Salmonella prevalence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics in context of chick mortality at hatching China. Between December 2015 August 2017, 1,288 dead-in-shell chicken embryos were collected from four breeder hatcheries Tai'an, Rizhao, Jining, Heze, isolates successfully recovered 6.7% these (86/1,288) evaluated for serotype, susceptibility, Class 1 integron prevalence, gene expression, multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Thompson...

Antibiotic resistance genes of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from companion animals were still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) E. in Shandong, China. A total 79 isolates (80.6%) recovered 98 healthy or diarrheal 2021, among which ESBLs-producing accounted for 43.0% (34/79), and more than half ESBL (ESBL-EC) strains (n = 19) isolated animals. Diarrheagenic (45.6%, n 36) represented by enterotoxigenic (ETEC) (32.9%), enteropathogenic (EPEC)...

Objectives To investigate the pathogenicity of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) possessing rmpA or aerobactin gene in infected mice. Methods BALB/c mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) and with: string test-positive rmpA-positive aerobactin-positive KPN (group 1), test-negative but 2), 3), test- rmpA/aerobactin-negative 4). Mouse survival time was compared among groups, infection livers, spleens, lungs, kidneys growth assessed Results Compared with negative group 4), rates rmpA-...

The present study aimed to research the effects of cyclic heat environment on microbial diversity and structure respiratory tract cecum chicken. A total 360 layer-type pullets at 11 wk age were subjected different temperature treatments for 10 wk: constant 22°C; 22°C 24°C, 26°C, 28°C, 30°C; ambient increased from 10:00, reached set point within 1 h, maintained until 18:00, thereafter was restored relative humidity 60%. result showed that feed intake chickens 30°C group significantly lower...

The extensive use of antibiotics has, in recent years, caused antimicrobial resistance and multidrug Escherichia coli to gradually develop into a worldwide problem. These resistant E. could be transmitted humans through animal products feces the environment, thereby creating problem for bacterial treatment animals resulting public health issue. Monitoring throughout broiler fattening period is therefore great significance both poultry industry health. In this longitudinal study, samples were...

Antibiotic treatment failure is increasingly encountered for the emergence of pandrug-resistant isolates, including prototypical broad-host-range Salmonella enterica serovar (S.) Typhimurium, which mainly transmitted to humans through poultry products. In this study we explored therapeutic potential a phage composition containing virulent and nonproductive that does not produce progeny against chicks infected with S. Typhimurium strain avian origin. After approximately 107 CFU ST149 were...

This study was designed to evaluate the protection mechanism of oral administration Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) aganist Salmonella enteritidis (SE) colonization in broilers. In current study, 180 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were meanly grouped into three, with three replicates 20 birds each. An negative control group (NP) fed basal diet without SE challenge and a positive (PC) challenged (106 CFU / 0.2 mL). experimental (EG) diet, orally administered C. mL) The...

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from large-scale breeder farms in Shandong Province, China. A total 63 isolates (63/409, 15.4%) were identified 409 samples collected five Province. These assayed for serotype, susceptibility, class 1 integrons, quinolone genes, β -lactamase genes subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Among these isolates, S . Enteritidis (100%) was predominant serovar, high rates nalidixic acid...