A5010059239- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Malaria Research and Control
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect Pheromone Research and Control
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- ICT in Developing Communities
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Smart Agriculture and AI
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Complement system in diseases
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Ifakara Health Institute
2016-2025
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
2020-2025
University of Basel
2020-2025
As insecticide resistance spreads in Africa, new-generation insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are increasingly being deployed to protect vulnerable populations against malaria. While these provide greater entomological efficacy resistant mosquitoes, their effectiveness malaria transmission also depends on other factors, such as durability, access, usage, and activity patterns of hosts vectors. Here, we quantify the impact two ITNs, namely Interceptor®G2 (chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid) Olyset®Plus...
Background Unimproved housing is a risk factor for malaria. Therefore, netting incorporated with deltamethrin and piperonyl butoxide, supplied as roll to screen opened eaves, windows, holes in the walls of unimproved houses, could offer protection by killing and/or reducing entry mosquitoes into house. This study assessed community perceptions acceptability insecticide-treated screens (ITS), previously described eave nets (ITENs) window (ITWS). Methodology A mixed-methods approach was...
The physical integrity of insecticidal-treated nets (ITNs) is important for creating a barrier against host-seeking mosquitoes and, therefore, influences people's perception the net's effectiveness and their willingness to use it. Monitoring ITNs over time provides information replenishment schedules purchasing decisions. Currently, assessment conducted by manually counting holes estimating size class net as functional or not. This approach laborious routinely conduct during field surveys...
Mass distributions of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) have contributed to large reductions in the malaria burden. However, this success is jeopardy due part increasing pyrethroid-resistant mosquito population as well low LLINs coverage various areas because lifespan often shorter than interval between replenishment campaigns. New insecticide-treated (ITNs) containing pyrethroid and piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) shown a greater reduction incidence with mosquitoes. durability (attrition,...
Abstract Genetic analysis of molecular markers is critical in tracking the emergence and/or spread artemisinin resistant parasites. Clinical isolates collected western Kenya pre- and post- introduction combination therapies (ACTs) were genotyped at SNP positions regions strong selection signatures on chromosome 13 14, as described Southeast Asia (SEA). Twenty five SNPs using Sequenom MassArray pfmdr 1 gene copy number by real-time PCR. Parasite clearance half-life vitro drug sensitivity...
Insecticide-treated net (ITN) durability, measured through physical integrity and bioefficacy, must be accurately assessed in order to plan the timely replacement of worn out nets guide procurement longer-lasting, cost-effective nets. World Health Organization (WHO) guidance advises that new intervention class ITNs 3 years after distribution, experimental huts. In obtain information on whole-net efficacy cost-effectively with adequate replication, a bioassay, Ifakara Ambient Chamber Test...
Abstract Background Quality assurance (QA) of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) delivered to malaria-endemic countries is conducted by measuring physiochemical parameters, but not bioefficacy against malaria mosquitoes. This study explored utility cone bioassays for pre-delivery QA pyrethroid ITNs test the assumption that are consistent across locations, mosquito strains, and laboratories. Methods Double-blinded were on twenty unused 4 brands (100 nets, 5 subsamples per net) had been mass...
Between 2000 and 2019, more than 1.8 billion long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) were distributed in Africa. While the durability of LLINs is around 3 years, are commonly discarded 2 years post distribution. This study investigated factors associated with decision users to discard LLINs.
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) have contributed to the reduction of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. However, they rely on daily user behaviour and high coverage which is difficult maintain. Also, insecticide resistance among vector mosquitoes contributing reduced efficacy control tools. To overcome these problems, we propose evaluate a new tool for house modification, insecticide-treated eave (ITENs) combination with window screens (ITWS) incorporated with dual...
N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) topical mosquito repellents are effective personal protection tools. However, DEET-based tend to have low consumer acceptability because they cosmetically unappealing. More attractive formulations needed encourage regular user compliance. This study evaluated the protective efficacy and duration of a new repellent ointment containing 15% DEET, MAÏA
Resistance and tolerance to Plasmodium falciparum can determine the progression of malaria disease. However, quantitative evidence is still limited. We investigated variations in adverse impact P. infections among African pregnant women under different intensities transmission.P. at delivery was assessed by microscopy, PCR (qPCR) placental histology 946 HIV-uninfected 768 HIV-infected from Benin, Gabon, Kenya Mozambique. defined proportion submicroscopic levels anti-parasite antibodies...
Genetically determined artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has been described Southeast Asia. The relevance of recently Kelch 13-propeller mutations for Sub-Saharan Africa parasites is still unknown. Asia have low genetic diversity compared to Africa, where are highly genetically diverse. This study attempted elucidate whether genetics provides a basis discovering molecular markers response drug treatment P. Kenya. collected pre- and post- introduction combination therapy (ACT)...
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and effective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets for 80% of population living in endemic areas to have access (own) use a LLIN. However, current LLINs is 56% due system inefficiencies budget limitations. Thus, cost-effective approaches maximize required. This study evaluated whether that had been stored 5 years under manufacturer's recommended conditions may be optimally against Anopheles mosquitoes, inform...
The standard World Health Organization (WHO) tunnel test is a reliable laboratory bioassay used for "free-flying" testing of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) bio-efficacy where mosquitoes pass through ITN sample to reach live animal bait. Multiple parameters (i.e., bait, exposure time, and mosquito density) may affect the outcomes measured in tests. Therefore, comparison was conducted alternative hosts, lower density against current gold (100 mosquitoes, 12-h exposure) as outlined WHO...
Abstract Background Quality assurance (QA) of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) delivered to malaria-endemic countries is conducted by measuring physiochemical parameters, but not bioefficacy against malaria mosquitoes. The cone bioassay provides a simple evaluation ITN and its conditions parameters are prescribed the World Health Organization (WHO). This study explored utility bioassays for pre-delivery QA pyrethroid ITNs in two test facilities using different mosquito species assumption that...
Abstract Background Despite extensive use of available vector control tools, the burden malaria and dengue continues to increase throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Gaps in house structures, most especially eaves windows, allow entry facilitate indoor biting disease burden. Simple modification tools that target these structures therefore have potential reduce human exposure bites home. This study assessed performance Insecticide Treated Screening (ITS) comprising Eave Nets Window Screens (ITENs...
<title>Abstract</title> Background Non-inferiority trials are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to demonstrate that health products show comparable efficacy. As part of WHO Global Malaria Programme (GMP) process assessment malaria vector control products, a second-in-class insecticide treated net (ITN) must be shown non-inferior first-in-class product based on mosquito mortality. The public impact pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ITN, Olyset® Plus, has been demonstrated...
<title>Abstract</title> Background Gaps in unimproved house structures, especially eaves and windows, allow vector entry facilitate indoor biting disease transmission. Simple modification tools that target houses have the potential to reduce human exposure bites home. This study assessed performance of Insecticide Treated Screening (ITS) for incorporated with deltamethrin piperonyl-butoxide (PBO) compared a PBO Net (ITN) Tanzania. Method A randomised Latin-square (4x4) design was conducted...
Non-inferiority trials are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to demonstrate that health products show comparable efficacy of existing standard care. As part WHO Global Malaria Programme (GMP) process assessment malaria vector control products, a second-in-class insecticide-treated net (ITN) must be shown non-inferior first-in-class product based on mosquito mortality. The public impact pyrethroid-piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ITN, Olyset
<title>Abstract</title> Background The physical integrity of insecticidal-treated nets (ITNs) is important for creating a barrier against host-seeking mosquitoes, and therefore influences people's perception the net's effectiveness their willingness to use it. Monitoring ITNs over time, provides information replenishment schedules purchasing decisions. Currently, assessment conducted by manually counting holes estimating size class net as functional or not. This approach laborious routinely...
Spatial repellents (SR) that passively emanate airborne concentrations of an active ingredient within a space disrupt mosquito behaviors to reduce human-vector contact. A clinical trial SC Johnson Mosquito Shield™ (Mosquito Shield) has demonstrated 33% protective efficacy against malaria in Kenya. Shield lasts for one month, but longer duration product would be advantageous deployment by control programs. Guardian™ (Guardian), is designed provide continuous protection from...
Introduction The resistance of malaria vectors to pyrethroids has compromised the efficacy pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). In response, ITNs with and piperonyl butoxide (PBO) synergists were developed overcome metabolic mechanisms. One such net is Vector Guard ® . To demonstrate its potential for public health use, a comparative study was conducted evaluate relative Olyset Plus (a pyrethroid–PBO ITN proven reduce transmission more effectively than ITNs) Royal Sentry 2.0...
Background The study aim is to describe the prevalence of respiratory pathogens in tuberculosis (TB) patients and their household contact controls, determine clinical significance TB patients. Methods We studied 489 smear-positive adult 305 controls without with nasopharyngeal swab samples within an ongoing prospective cohort Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, between 2013 2015. used multiplex real-time PCR detect 16 viruses seven bacterial from swabs. Results median age participants was 33 years; 61%...
Abstract Background: Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and effective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets for 80% of population living in endemic areas to have access (own) use a LLIN. However, current LLINs is 56% due system inefficiencies budget limitations. Thus, cost-effective approaches maximize required. This study evaluated whether that had been stored five years under manufacturer’s recommended conditions may be optimally against...