Secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (SLC) is expressed in high endothelial venules and T cell zones of spleen lymph nodes (LNs) strongly attracts naive cells. In mice homozygous for the paucity node (plt) mutation, cells fail to home LNs or regions spleen. Here we demonstrate that expression SLC undetectable plt mice. addition defect homing, dendritic (DCs) accumulate LN DC migration after contact sensitization also substantially reduced. The physiologic significance these abnormalities...

Study Design Tissues in the area of herniated lumbar discs were examined for inflammatory cytokines to elucidate causes sciatic pain disc herniation. Objectives To determine role stimulation Summary Background Data It is postulated that addition mechanical compression nerve roots and sensory root ganglia by discs, there a chemical stimulus production leg pain. The exact mechanisms are not clearly defined. Methods During surgery, cases herniation 77 patients classified macroscopically into...

Antigen is thought to cross-link membrane-bound immunoglobulins (Igs) of B cells, causing proliferation and differentiation or the inhibition growth. Protein tyrosine kinases are probably involved in signal transduction for cell differentiation. The Src-like protein kinase Lyn expressed preferentially cells. its activity could be coimmunoprecipitated with IgM from detergent lysates. Cross-linking induced a rapid increase phosphorylation at least ten distinct proteins Thus, physically...

Upon TCR-mediated positive selection, developing thymocytes relocate within the thymus from cortex to medulla for further differentiation and selection. However, it is unknown how this cortex–medulla migration of controlled controls T cell development. Here we show that in mice deficient CCR7 or its ligands mature single-positive are arrested do not accumulate medulla. These mutant defective forming medullary region thymus. Thymic export cells these compromised during neonatal period but...

6Ckine is an unusual chemokine capable of attracting naive T lymphocytes in vitro. It has been recently reported that lack expression lymphoid organs a prominent characteristic mice homozygous for the paucity lymph node cell (plt) mutation. These show reduced numbers cells nodes, Peyer's patches, and white pulp spleen. The genetic reason plt mouse, however, remained unknown. Here we demonstrate mouse encoded by two genes, one which expressed deleted mice. A second gene intact mouse.

The paucity of lymph node T cells (plt) mutation leads to a loss CCL21 and CCL19 expression in secondary lymphoid organs. plt mice have defects the migration naive activated dendritic into cell zones organs, suggesting that they would immune responses. We now demonstrate responses are delayed but ultimately enhanced. Responses contact sensitization decreased at day 2 after priming increased 6. After subcutaneous immunization, antigen-specific proliferation cytokine production remain markedly...

Abstract Lymphocytes circulating in the bloodstream home into lymph nodes (LN). T cells predominate peripheral LN (PLN) and B spleen or mucosal tissue, e.g. Peyer's patches (PP). DDD/1 mice are unique marked paucity of cells, especially cells. cell frequency PLN was 20–40% this strain, compared to 60–80% others. Immunohistochemistry confirmed low density subcortical area but normal colonization cortical DDD/1. In contrast, content blood higher that PP not significantly different other...

Abstract We previously reported a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3), designated as c-MIR, which targets B7-2 to lysosomal degradation and down-regulates the surface expression through ubiquitination of its cytoplasmic tail. is well known costimulatory molecule for Ag presentation, suggesting that manipulation c-MIR modulates immune responses in vivo. To examine this hypothesis, we generated genetically modified mice was expressed under an invariant chain (Ii) promoter. Dendritic cells derived...

Thymic epithelial cell lines (TECs) were established from newborn C57BL/6 mice. They classified into two types (medullary and cortical TECs) by using the monoclonal antibody (Th-3) that recognizes meshwork structure of thymic cells. Antigen-presenting activity each TEC was determined ovalbumin-specific, I-Ab-restricted helper T lines. It demonstrated medullary but not TECs functioned as antigen-presenting This is first evidence for functional difference between TEC.

Abstract CCL19 and CCL21 are thought to be critical for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induction, but their precise role is unknown. We examined the of these chemokines in inducing EAE. C57BL/6 mice lacking expression (plt/plt mice) or receptor CCR7 were resistant EAE induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35–55 (MOG35–55) pertussis toxin. However, passive transfer pathogenic T cells from wild-type plt/plt mice, suggesting a defect independent ligands...

We have examined the role of Ia-positive and Ia-negative accessory cells (AC) soluble factors in Con A-stimulated murine T cell activation. Supernatant fluids containing interleukin 1 (IL 1) derived from P388D1 macrophage line a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated hybridoma provided only partial reconstitution response purified (18 to 27%). The complete obtained with gamma-irradiated spleen or LPS-activated B was inhibited by approximately 60 77% when anti-Ia antibody included culture....

The encounter between APC and T cells is crucial for initiating immune responses to infectious microorganisms. In the spleen, interaction dendritic (DC) occurs in periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) into which DC migrate from marginal zone (MZ) along chemokine gradients. However, importance of migration MZ PALS host resistance microbial infection has not yet been elucidated. this study, we report that following Leishmania donovani mice, splenic regulated by CCR7 ligands CCL19/CCL21....

Abstract The paucity of lymph node (LN) T cells (plt) mutation in mice results strongly reduced cell numbers LNs and homing defects both dendritic (DCs) naive cells. In this study, we investigated the functional significance plt phenotype for generation antiviral immune responses against cytopathic noncytopathic viruses. We found that DC-CD8+ contacts initial priming virus-specific plt/plt occurred mainly marginal zone spleen superficial cortex LNs. magnitude response maintenance protective...

Abstract The marginal zone (MZ) of the spleen is an important site for capture blood-borne pathogens and a gateway lymphocytes entering white pulp. We have recently reported that Leishmania donovani infection results in remarkably selective loss MZ macrophages (MZM) from MZ. To understand basis this observation, we investigated how MZM maintain their anatomical distribution steady state uninfected mice. now report plt/plt mice, which lack functional CCL19 CCL21, significantly reduced numbers...

A squamous cell carcinoma of 33-yr-old patient who developed marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia was transplanted into nude mice in which more also developed. This tumor (LJC-1-JCK) produced a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) formed cyst the from CSF-producing line (T3M-1) established. The CSF causes predominantly formation granulocytic colonies addition to macrophage colonies. Bone-resorbing activity (BRA) detected cystic fluid eluted as two separate peaks with proteins an apparent...

We have previously demonstrated that antigens chemically coupled to the surface of liposomes consisting unsaturated fatty acids were cross-presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) CD8+ T cells, and this process resulted in induction antigen-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes. In present study, mechanism which liposome-coupled APCs was investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis unsaturated-fatty-acid-based received processing at both MHC class I II compartments, while most...