Flutamide (FL), a non-steroidal drug used for its antiandrogenic, anticancer, and disrupting endocrine properties, induces mitochondrial toxicity metabolism enzymes promotes hepatocarcinogenesis. The inhibition of mitophagy, leading to the accumulation damaged mitochondria, is implicated in pathogenesis nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated effects FL high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-obese steatosis rats, categorized into four groups: basal (BD), BD + FL,...

Jaw1/LRMP/IRAG2 enhances Ca2+ release via interaction with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (ITPRs), channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, upon G protein-coupled receptor stimulation. While our previous works demonstrated increases in maximum amplitude and retention time of curve heterogeneous effects each ITPR subtype: ITPR1, ITPR2, ITPR3, reaction speed remain unclear. In this study, we unveiled additional roles Jaw1 accelerating signal onset rise to first peak top, especially cells...

Jaw1/LRMP is a membrane protein that localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear membrane. Previously, we revealed Jaw1 functions maintain shape by interacting with microtubules as Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne/homology (KASH) protein. The loss of several KASH proteins causes defects in position Golgi apparatus well nucleus, but effects depletion on were poorly understood. Here, found siRNA-mediated fragmentation disordered ribbon structure melanoma cell, accompanied change localization...

Jaw1/LRMP is characterized as a Type II integral membrane protein that localized to endoplasmic reticulum, however, its physiological functions have been poorly understood. An alignment of amino acid sequence Jaw1 with Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne/homology (KASH) proteins, outer nuclear revealed has partial homology the KASH domain. Here, we show function maintain shape in mouse melanoma cell line. The siRNA-mediated knockdown caused severe defect shape, and was rescued by ectopic expression...

Ca2+ influx upon G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation is observed as a cytosolic concentration oscillation crucial to initiating downstream responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell communication. Although Jaw1 known interact with inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (ITPRs), channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, function of in dynamics physiological remains unclear. In this study, using inducible Jaw1-expressing HEK293 cells, we showed that increases by GPCR...

Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 13 is among the main families of enzymes acting on starch; recently, subfamily 47 GH13 (GH13_47) has been established. The crystal structure and function a GH13_47 enzyme from Bacteroides ovatus only reported to date. This α-amylase activity, while comprise approximately 800-900 amino acid residues which are almost double those typical α-amylases. It important know how different other Rhodothermus marinus JCM9785, thermophilic bacterium, possesses gene for...

Although hyperplasia of the anorectal transitional zone (TZ) has been reported in mouse models ulcerative colitis, mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not fully understood. We characterized keratin subtypes and examined expression stem cell markers TZ. Dextran sodium sulfate-treated mice showed abnormal repair region, which consisted mixed hyperplastic TZ regenerating crypts. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry from paraffin-embedded treated revealed that major keratins were...

ABSTRACT Jaw1 (also known as IRAG2), a tail-anchored protein with 39 carboxyl (C)-terminal amino acids, is oriented to the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum and outer nuclear membrane. We previously reported that Jaw1, member KASH family, plays role in maintaining shape via its C-terminal region. Furthermore, we recently functions an augmentative effector Ca2+ release from by interacting inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). Intriguingly, region partially cleaved, meaning exists cell...

Jaw1/LRMP is a type II integral membrane protein that localized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and outer nuclear membrane. We previously reported function of Jaw1 to maintain shape as KASH via its carboxyl terminal region, component linker nucleoskeleton cytoskeleton complex in oligomeric state. Although oligomerization some proteins cytosolic regions serves stabilize protein-protein interactions, issue how regulated not completely understood. Therefore, we focused on three distinct face...

The tuft cell is a chemosensory cell, specific type sharing the taste transduction system with on tongue, of which existence has been discovered in various tissues including gastrointestinal tract, gall bladder, trachea and pancreatic duct. To date, electron microscopic approaches have shown morphological features such as long thick microvilli, tubulovesicular network at apical side prominent skeleton structures. Recently, it reported that small intestinal functions to initiate type-2...

Peroxisomes are crucial for fatty acid β-oxidation in steatosis, but the role of pexophagy—the selective autophagy peroxisomes—remains unclear. This study investigated effects peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) agonist clofibrate on pexophagy a coconut oil-based high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis model. Rats were divided into four groups: control, clofibrate, HFD, and HFD with clofibrate. The induced along 2.4-fold increase receptor NBR1-positive granules...

The red-eared sliders (Emydidae: Trachemys scripta ) is characterised by a high adaptability to variety of environment and threatens the habitat Japanese native species. ability digest diets may attribute adaptive capacity this species various environments, however, digestive morphology remains scarcely described in sliders. In study, we investigated macro- microscopic anatomy esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine All segments tract had longitudinal mucosal folds, height width...

The trisaccharide 1-kestose, a major constituent of fructooligosaccharide, has strong prebiotic effects. We used high-performance liquid chromatography and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to show that BiBftA, β-fructosyltransferase belonging glycoside hydrolase family 68, from Beijerinckia indica subsp. catalyzes transfructosylation sucrose produce mostly 1-kestose levan polysaccharides. substituted His395 Phe473 in BiBftA with Arg Tyr, respectively, analyzed the reactions mutant...

The nodes of Ranvier are unmyelinated gaps in the axon, important for efficient transmission action potentials. Despite identification several glycoproteins involved node formation and maintenance, glycans' structure remain unclear. Previously, we developed a recombinant lectin from Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin complex, specific to galactose N-acetylgalactosamine terminal epitopes (Gg). Gg stained Neuro2a cells. Here, show punctuate staining mouse brain cryosections. Thus, hypothesized...

Proper management of irrigation and fertilizer for different crops is beneficial to the sustainable development agriculture. Zhangye Oasis, which an arid region surrounded by water dependent agricultural areas with canal-type systems, has been utilising majority portion discharge Heihe River. Maize dominant cash crop, while cultivation a new stevia, also under expansion in recent years. This study was conducted both social survey approach science experiment approach, aiming comprehensively...

Abstract Ca 2+ influx upon G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) stimulation is observed as a cytosolic concentration oscillation crucial to initiating downstream responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell communication. Although Jaw1 known interact with inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (ITPRs), channels on the endoplasmic reticulum, function of in dynamics physiological remains unclear. In this study, using inducible Jaw1-expressing HEK293 cells, we showed that increases...