We have shown that a subset of early postmitotic progenitors originates along the medial part epithelial somite gives rise to primary myotome (Kahane, N., Cinnamon, Y. and Kalcheim, C. (1998). Mech. Dev. 74, 59-73). Because its nature, further expansion must be achieved by cell addition from extrinsic sources. Here we investigate mechanism whereby dermomyotome contributes this process. Using several different methods found occurs both rostral caudal edges dermomyotome, but not directly...

ABSTRACT We have previously found that the myotome is formed by a first wave of pioneer cells generated along medial epithelial somite and second emanating from dorsomedial lip (DML), rostral caudal edges dermomyotome (Kahane, N., Cinnamon, Y. Kalcheim, C. (1998a) Mech. Dev. 74, 59-73; Kahane, (1998b) Development 125, 4259-4271). In this study, we addressed development precise fate ventrolateral (VLL) in non-limb regions axis. To end, fluorescent vital dyes were iontophoretically injected...

The myotome is formed by a first wave of pioneer cells originating from the entire dorsomedial region epithelial somites and second that derives all four lips dermomyotome but generates myofibers only rostral caudal edges. Because precedent progenitors exit cell cycle upon colonization, subsequent waves must account for consecutive growth. In this study, double labeling with CM-DiI BrdU revealed appearance third enter as mitotically active both These express fibroblast growth factor (FGF)...

ABSTRACT Development of the somite-derived dermatome involves conversion epithelial progenitors into mesenchymal cells dermis. In chick embryos, neural tube-derived signals are required for this conversion, as interposition a membrane between tube and somites results in failure to lose its arrangement. However, dermis formation can be completely rescued by coating membranes with Neurotrophin-3, but not related molecule Nerve growth factor. Neurotrophin-3 was also found necessary dissociation...

ABSTRACT We have previously reported that the myotome is formed by a first wave of pioneer cells generated from all along dorsomedial portion epithelial somite and second issued four edges dermomyotome. Cells extreme rostral caudal directly generate myofibers elongate towards opposite pole each segment pre-existing myotomal scaffold. In contrast, ventrolateral lips reach then contribute to myofiber formation. The mechanism which these translocate remained unknown was goal present study....

Abstract Neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3) has mitogenic and neurogenic activities on distinct central peripheral nervous system (CNS PNS) progenitors in avian embryos. It was therefore important to characterize detail the expression pattern of TrkC, a high‐affinity receptor for NT‐3, during ontogeny. We report that trkC‐encoding transcripts are expressed CNS primordium several spatiotemporal waves. trkC mRNA becomes evident dividing neuroepithelium where it is homogeneously. A subsequent enhancement...

We have previously found that the postmitotic myotome is formed by two successive waves of myoblasts. A first wave pioneer cells generated from dorsomedial region epithelial somites. second originates all four edges dermomyotome but enter only rostral and caudal lips. provide new evidence for existence these distinctive waves. show time when somite dissociates, myotomal progenitors migrate as mesenchymal medial side towards edge segment. Subsequently, they generate myofibers elongate...

The dorsal midline region of the neural tube that results from closure folds is generally termed roof plate (RP). However, this domain highly dynamic and complex, first transiently inhabited by prospective crest (NC) cells sequentially emigrate neuroepithelium. It only later becomes definitive RP, spinal cord. We previously showed at trunk level axis, RP progenitors originate ventral to premigratory NC progressively reach following emigration. molecular mechanisms underlying end production...

We have previously shown that overall growth of the myotome in mediolateral direction occurs a coherent and uniform pattern. asked whether development dermomyotome resultant dermis follow similar pattern or are, alternatively, controlled by restricted pools stem cells driving directional growth. To this end, we studied cellular events govern regional origin dermis. Measurements cell proliferation, nuclear density rearrangements revealed developing can be subdivided transverse plane into...

Neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) promotes differentiation of neural tube progenitors into motoneurons expressing the BEN/SC1 and islet-1 epitopes. A 1.75- to 6.7-fold increase in BEN-positive was obtained when quail cells were cultured with NT-3 at 0.1-10 ng/ml, respectively. In contrast, overall number cells, as well proportion that developed from cycling precursors, did not change. Addition 1 ng/ml ventral half-neural tubes promoted a 2.5-fold stimulation motoneuron number, confirming specificity...

Members of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex cause severe outbreaks in humans, and are increasingly reported animals.A retrospective study, describing a outbreak dogs cats caused by multidrug resistant member veterinary hospital, between July 2010 November 2012.The study included 19 4 cats. bacteria were isolated from urine (9 animals), respiratory tract (11), tissues (3) blood (1). The most common infection-associated findings fever, purulent discharge...

The adrenal medulla receives its major presynaptic input from sympathetic preganglionic neurons that are located in the intermediolateral (IML) column of thoracic spinal cord. neurotrophic factor concept would predict these IML receive trophic support chromaffin cells medulla. We show here adult rat store neurotrophin (NT)-4, but do not synthesize or detectable levels BDNF NT-3, respectively. Preganglionic to identified by retrograde tracing with fast blue Fluoro-Gold (FG) express TrkB mRNA....

The plane of cell divisions is pivotal for differential fate acquisition. Dermomyotome development provides an excellent system with which to investigate the link between these processes. In central sheet early dermomyotome, single epithelial cells divide a planar orientation. Here, we report that in avian embryo, addition self-renewing, subset progenitors translocates into myotome where they generate differentiated myocytes. By contrast, late epithelium, individual perpendicularly produce...

The development of a functional tissue requires coordination the amplification progenitors and their differentiation into specific cell types. molecular basis for this during myotome ontogeny is not well understood. Dermomytome that colonize first acquire myocyte identity subsequently proliferate as Pax7-expressing before undergoing terminal differentiation. We show dynamics sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling crucial transition in both avian mouse embryos. Initially, Shh ligand emanating from...

Sonic hedgehog (Shh), produced in the notochord and floor plate, is necessary for both neural mesodermal development. To reach myotome, Shh has to traverse sclerotome a reduction of sclerotomal affects myotome differentiation. By investigating loss gain function, floor-plate deletions, we report that also tube Reducing amount using membrane-tethered hedgehog-interacting protein or Patched1, but not dominant active Patched, decreased number Olig2+ motoneuron progenitors Hb9+ motoneurons...

Background VICKZ (IGF2BP1,2,3/ZBP1/Vg1RBP/IMP1,2,3) proteins bind RNA and help regulate many RNA-mediated processes. In the midbrain region of early chick embryos, is expressed in neural folds along basal surface epithelium, but, upon tube closure, down-regulated prospective cranial crest (CNC) cells, concomitant with their emigration epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Electroporation constructs that modulate cVICKZ expression demonstrates this down-regulation both necessary...

We performed a detailed study of the expression neurotrophin-3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcripts in spinal motoneurons using situ hybridization serially sectioned chick embryos aged 3 to 8 days (E3 E8). Neurotrophin-3 mRNA is detected motoneuron subsets from E3.5 E4 only brachial segments neural tube E5 both lumbar regions. Expression first evident on subset level E6 also located rostral-most portion lateral motor column, as well tail-innervating region cord. Analysis along...