Chemical and microbiological changes occurring during aerobic exposure of maize silages their influence on dry matter (DM) intake preference by goats were evaluated. Eight differing in DM content, chopping length compaction pressure used for the study. After opening, exposed to air 8 days (d). In 2-d intervals, silage was stored anaerobically use trials. During experimental phase, each possible two-way combination five (d0, d2, d4, d6 d8) one standard lucerne hay, offered as free choice six...

Abstract Physical and management factors, such as compaction sealing, greatly influence the outcome of forage conservation. This study aimed to determine effects compaction, delayed sealing aerobic exposure after ensiling on maize silage quality formation volatile organic compounds. Whole‐crop (277 g/kg dry matter [ DM ]) in 120‐L plastic silos was compacted at either high or low density, sealed immediately with delay 2 days 4 post‐filling (six replicates each). After for least 175 days,...

Extensive experimentation on individual animals in respiration chambers has already been carried out to evaluate the potential of dietary changes and opportunities mitigate CH₄ emissions from ruminants. Although it is difficult determine air exchange rate open barn spaces, measurements at herd level should provide similarly reliable robust results. The primary objective this study was (1) define a validity range (data classification criteria (DCC)) for variables wind velocity direction...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect supplemented condensed tannins (CT) from bark Black Wattle tree (Acacia mearnsii) on production variables and N use efficiency in high yielding dairy cows. A feeding trial with 96 lactating German Holstein cows conducted for a total 169 days, divided into four periods. animals were allotted two groups (control (CON) experimental (EXP) group) according milk yield previous lactation, days (98), number lactations BW. started finished period...

The effect of aerobic exposure grass silages on short-term feed intake and preference by goats was studied. Eight differing in dry matter (DM) (25% 33%), chop length (short long) compaction pressure at ensiling (0.1 MPa 0.2 MPa) were exposed to air for eight days. Chemical analyses conducted 2-day (d) intervals (d0, d2, d4, d6 d8 after silo opening) proximate constituents, fermentation products other volatile compounds as well determination microbiological status (yeasts, moulds mesophilic...

Abstract The hypothesis was that forage species and ensiling conditions have an impact on the formation of biogenic amines feed choice goats in short‐term preference trials. At ensiling, lucerne ( Medicago sativa L., first cut), red clover Trifolium pratense cut) Italian ryegrass Lolium multiflorum Lam ., second were treated differently to obtain a range fermentation qualities. Six treatments each prepared included different dry‐matter concentrations, chemical biological silage additives,...

Abstract Forage choice and intake by ruminants depend on various factors. This study aimed to determine the effects of compaction, delayed sealing aerobic exposure forage short‐term dry‐matter (DMI) maize silage goats. Whole‐crop (277 g/kg dry matter [DM]) in 120‐L silos was compacted at either low (194 kg DM/m 3 ) or high (234 density, sealed immediately day 0 with a delay 2 4 post‐filling, making total six treatments. After ensiling for least 175 days, silages were exposed air 6 days. In...

This study elucidated the effects of limited concentrate feeding on growth, nutrient digestibility, blood profile and gene expression gluconeogenic enzymes in liver dairy calves. The utilized 36 German Holstein calves (5-7 days age) divided into two groups 18 each for 150 days. Control group received 2 kg/(calf × day) concentrate, whereas restricted only 1 day). Good quality forage (mixture maize grass silages) was available ad libitum consumption to both groups. intake milk replacer before...

This study aimed at assigning climate-relevant gaseous emissions from ruminants to animal- or feed-related origin. Three adult rumen-cannulated German Holstein steers and three forage types (corn silage (CS), alfalfa (AS) grass hay (GH)) were used in a 3 × Latin square design. Each period consisted of 12 days (d), during which animals received 10 kg dry matter/day one as sole feed. Gaseous samples forages the steers´ rumen taken analyzed for CO2, CH4, N2O using gas chromatography. There...

In whole-crop maize silages with atypical smell and decreased acceptance by ruminants, high concentrations of the volatile organic compounds ethyl acetate (EA) lactate (EL) were detected. The aim this study was to evaluate impact different esters added forage on preference short-term feed intake goats. first three trials, silage supplemented EA EL then vacuum-stored before use. Forages sampled during trial showed a good recovery accordance target (naturally formed + supplemented) analysed...

Genetic variation among Australian isolates of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), which causes wilt in banana, was examined using DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF). Ninety-four represented Races 1, 2, 3, and 4, vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 0120, 0124, 0125, 0128, 0129, 01211, 01213/16, 01220 were analysed. The genetic relatedness within each VCG, between 8 different VCGs Foc present Australia determined. fingerprint patterns VCG-specific, with VCG representing...

This study examines the influence of ensiled sugar beets (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) on preference and short-time dry matter (DM) intake goats. Whole were either without any silage additive (sugar beet (SBS)) or with a chemical (6 l/t) containing 85% formic propionic acids (treated (TBS)) chopped after ensiling. The different proportions SBS (0%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 18.75% 25% dietary DM) TBS 5%, 10%, 15% 20% in partial mixed rations DM by goats (adult Saanen type wethers; n = 10) was studied...

Fresh and conserved pangola grass (Digitaria eriantha Steud., synonym D. decumbens) were compared in terms of vitro gas production vivo nutrient digestibility, metabolisable energy (ME) concentration average daily gain (ADG) Thai indigenous cattle. The study was designed as a completely randomised design with Ruzi (Brachiaria ruziziensis) control fresh, hay silage forms at the same age harvest (45 days regrowth) treatments. As intended, dry matter (DM) intake forages supplemented concentrate...

Abstract Nine hybrids (three maturity groups, dry matter 343 ± 5.6 g/kg) of whole‐crop maize were ensiled in eight replicates laboratory‐scale silos. Each hybrid was sampled at harvest and after 30, 60, 90 120 days (d) ensiling. Samples analysed for chemical composition (proximate constituents, fermentation products pH ), starch, non‐protein N ( NPN ) NH 3 ‐N. sample its neutral detergent fibre NDF fraction incubated the Hohenheim gas test system. In vitro production measured 0, 2, 4, 8, 12,...